Baclofen Intoxication in Post Ischemic Patient Already on Dialysis Treatment: How Emergency Eemodialysis can Resolve Acute Renal Failure in a 50-Year-Old Man Case Report

Abstract

Background: Baclofen is a derivative of the neurotransmitter y-aminobutyric acid (GABA) that acts on nervous system as GABA-agonist to treat pain and spasticity (muscle stiffness and tension). These conditions only mostly result from conditions such as multiple sclerosis, spinal cord injury, problems following brain events, or other diseases. By acting on spinal cord nerves, it reduces the number and severity of muscle spasms, also relieves pain and improves muscle movement.

Case History: A 50-year-old male patient presented to the emergency department with acute renal failure. He was already on biweekly dialysis treatment for chronic renal failure. He suffered from a previous cerebral ischemic event and subsequent muscle spasms due to which he was being treated with baclofen 25 mg twice a day. On admission he manifested several neurological features of baclofen toxicity (dizziness, weakness, headache, nausea, weak muscle tone, coma, respiratory distress). He was treated with emergency hemodialysis, recovering completely after two sessions.