Journal of Clinical Images & Reports is an open access peer-reviewed journal from the publishers of Scientific Research and Community (SRC) which publishes articles in the form of written, video and power-point presentations from the arena of Clinical Images & Reports. The journal focuses to build up accessing the complete content of articles freely from online for reader’s perusal. Article acceptance will be in the form of Research, Review, Case Reports, Analysis, Magazines, Editorials, Opinion, Communications, Mini-Review, Short Communications, Picturized, Book Review, Video Type and Power Point Presentations (PPTS). Articles can be submitted through online from https://srcpublishers.com/clinical-images-reports/user/register or can send through an e-mail with attachment for clinical@onlinescientificresearch.info 0.35 Impact Factor 84.5% Citations 90% Acceptance
Prevalence of Azathioprine Induced Pancreatitis in IBD Patients
Introduction: Azathioprine (AZA)-induced pancreatitis (AIP) is a known, though relatively uncommon, idiosyncratic drug reaction causing inflammation of the pancreas, often seen in patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) (Crohn’s/UC) or autoimmune conditions, manifesting as abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting, typically resolving quickly after stopping the drug but requiring medical attention for diagnosis and management. It’s an unpredictable reaction, not strictly dose-dependent, linked to certain genetic markers (HLA alleles), and emphasizes the need for monitoring when using AZA. Aim of Study: To determine the prevalence of Pancreatitis in patients of Inflammatory Bowel Disease who reported in Department of Medical Gastroenterology, PGIMS, Rohtak. Materials & Methods: It was a prospective study conducted at Department of Medical Gastroenterology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences (PGIMS), Rohtak, over a period of ten years from 1st January, 2016 to 31st December, 2025 during which 5000 patients of IBD. who reported in Medical Gastroenterology OPD were enrolled in the study, after proper written consent. These all IBD patients were confirmed on colonoscopy and histopathological examination of colonic biopsy. They were regularly followed for any episode of pancreatitis which was confirmed by serum amylase, serum lipase levels and Contrast enhanced computed tomography scan and CTSI score was collected. At every visit, all patients were specifically asked about symptoms suggestive of pancreatitis like severe epigastric pain radiating to back, along with non-passage of faeces and flatus. Results: We enrolled total 5000 patients who reported to Department of Medical Gastroenterology for treatment of Inflammatory bowel disease. Out of these 5000 patients, 4980 (99.60%) were having ulcerative colitis and 20 (0.40%) were having crohn’s disease. In total pool of 5000 IBD patients, 2750 (55%) were male and 2250 (45%) were female. There was predominance of rural background i.e. 3150 patients (62%) and 1850 patients (38%) belonged to urban areas. Majority of IBD patients in study pool belonged to poor socio-economic status i.e. 3300 (66%) and 1700 patients (34%) had good socio-economic status. Out of total 5000 patients, only 3 patients (0.06%) developed pancreatitis and 4997 (99.94%) had no episode of pancreatitis. Out of these three patients who developed pancreatitis, two patients had one episode of pancreatitis and one patient had four episodes. In all these three patients, no further episode of pancreatitis occurred, once azathioprine was stopped, none of these three acute pancreatitis patients progressed to chronic pancreatitis. Conclusion: Azathioprine is used frequently in IBD patients, as the goal of treatment is to keep patient in remission with steroid sparing regimen. It is relatively safe in respect of causing pancreatitis. Moreover, once pancreatitis occurs, it is stopped, hence does not lead to chronic pancreatitis.
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Mediastinal PEComa with TFE3 Rearrangement: An Unusual Finding
Perivascular epithelioid cell tumors (PEComas) are rare mesenchymal neoplasms classified by the World Health Organization (WHO) as tumors of uncertain differentiation. They are composed of perivascular epithelioid cells (PECs), which are characterized by their distinctive morphology, close association with blood vessel walls, and dual expression of melanocytic and smooth muscle markers [1].
Copyright (c) 2025 Journal of Clinical Images & Reports
An open Letter to the Editors of Nature Magazine Regarding their Involvement in a PR Action in Favor of a Dubious Publicationabout Advances in the Treatment of Alzheimer’s Disease
Recently, on August 6, 2025, Nature journal published a report on the preliminary results of a study (conducted at Harvard University) on the effect of Lithium on the formation and development of amyloid plaques (which are considered the primary cause of Alzheimer’s disease), [1-3]. The study itself is not something entirely new or extraordinary - there are currently 182 studies ([4]) being conducted in the United States related to the causes of occurrence and development of Alzheimer’s disease.
Intentional Occlusion of the Brachial Artery in Arteriovenous Fistula Ruptured Treated with Merit Wrapsody Covered Stent: ACase Report
We present a case report on the off-label use of the Merit Wrapsody covered stent for the treatment of an Intentional occlusion of the brachial artery in arteriovenous fistula ruptured. A female patient with a previous brachiobasilic arteriovenous fistula was admitted with a cut and bruise wound left arm (bathroom stall), which evolved for basilic vein laceration and acute hemorragic shock. The patient was then submitted to an arm tourniquet to prevent acute bleeding, which led to brachial artery acute occlusion. The patient was submitted to an endovascular approach with thrombectomy with Indigo System and then an implant of a Merit Wrapsody 8x125mm covered stent within the brachial artery and a concomitant resection of the venous segment and skin containing the cut-bruise wound + venous reconstruction. The patient evolved very well with complete resolution of the acute trauma and complete arteriovenous fistula salvage in a 3 years follow-up. This device, typically indicated for use in hemodialysis access, was successfully employed to correct an occluded artery. This case highlights the feasibility and potential advantages of this endoprosthesis in arterial settings beyond its original indication
Almost Unilateral Focal Dermal Hypoplasia in a Young YemeniGirl: A Case Report
Focal dermal hypoplasia (FDH), also known as Goltz syndrome or Goltz–Gorlin syndrome, is an extremely rare X-linked dominant multisystem genodermatosis caused by mutations in the PORCN gene on the X chromosome. These mutations primarily affect ectodermal- and mesodermal-derived tissues, including the skin, skeletal system, and eyes. To date, approximately 300 cases have been reported in the literature, with 95% of cases occurring in females. FDH typically involves both sides of the body; however, only 11 cases of unilateral FDH have been reported. Herein, we discuss the case of a 15-year-old Yemeni girl with an almost unilateral (left-sided) distribution of blaschkoid atrophic lesions accompanied by limb defects. FDH was diagnosed based on the typical clinical findings. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first reported case of FDH in Yemen.
Introduction: The groin flap, first described by McGregor and Jackson in 1972, is recognized as the first successful free cutaneous flap. This flap is characterized by its long, narrow pedicle based on the superficial circumflex iliac artery (SCIA) and vein, offering a reliable option for various reconstructive procedures. Methods: A comprehensive review of anatomical and clinical literature regarding the groin flap was conducted. Key anatomical features, including the vascular supply, venous drainage, innervation, and potential donor site complications, were analyzed. Surgical techniques for harvesting the flap were also discussed. Results: The groin flap receives arterial supply primarily from the SCIA, and venous drainage by its venae comitantes. The flap's sensory innervation is provided by the lateral cutaneous nerve of T12, with the potential for motor nerve inclusion if the sartorius muscle is harvested. The groin flap presents a versatile option for reconstructive surgery, particularly for upper extremity defects and lower abdominal repairs. Conclusions: The groin flap is a valuable surgical option in reconstructive surgery, offering consistent vascular supply and versatility in design.
Superficial Circumflex Iliac Artery Perforator Flap
Copyright (c) 2024 Journal of Clinical Images & Reports
Medullary Arachnoiditis Ossificans: Three Cases and Review
Arachnoiditis ossificans is an inflammation in the leptomeninges, accompanied by calcifications in the dural sac. This condition causes pain and progressive neurological deterioration. This study presents three cases of cervico-thoracic ossifying arachnoiditis that underwent surgery at our center. Additionally, we provide a review of the scientific literature on the subject.
Maxillary Actinomycosis: A Nice Discovery
Actinomycosis is a subacute to chronic infection caused by Grampositive, anaerobic filamentous bacteria [1,2]. It can present in four forms: cerebral, cervicofacial, thoracic and abdominal-pelvic [2]. The cervicofacial form typically affects the cheek and chin area but very rarely involves the maxillary bone [3]. We present the case of a 65-year-old patient with a history of multiple myeloma who presented with a lesion in the anterior part of the upper maxillary bone. A recurrence of her myeloma was suspected. A CT scan of the facial area revealed a lesion process of the maxilla. Histological examination of the biopsy showed bone dystrophy and areas of necrosis (Figure A) with filaments that were positive for Grocott staining, indicating actinomycosis (Figures B and C).
Splenic Rupture Secondary to Amyloidosis: A Rare Case Report
Amyloidosis is a group of diseases in which abnormal proteins, known as amyloid fibrils, build up in tissue. Splenic rupture secondary to amyloidosis is an extremely rare complication. While amyloidosis may be systemic or localized, splenic involvement is fairly common (5–10%) and generally asymptomatic. When splenic rupture secondary to localized amyloidosis occurs, it is usually the first manifestation of the disease process. Herein, we report a case of a 57-year-old female who presented a rare case of spontaneous splenic rupture due to localized amyloidosis as an important consideration in the differential of acute abdominal pain.
Pseudopolyposis Ulcerative Colitis: An Unusual Finding
Diffuse inflammatory polyposis of the colon is a rare finding in Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD). Herein we describe a unique case of diffuse giant inflammatory polyposis in 39-year-old women, admitted to the department of surgery for undetermined pancolitis without history of IBD. Gross examination revealed diffuse giant polyps ranging from 0,5 to 2cm sparing the ceacum (Figure A). Extensive sampling was performed to rule out malignancy. Histology showed inflammatory polyps with marked acute inflammation and hyperplastic cystically dilated glands (Figures B and C).
A 47-year-old female patient, without any significant medical history, presented with chronic abdominal pain localized in the epigastric region, ranging from mild to moderate intensity, without vomiting or fever, all occurring in the context of preserved general condition.
Erdheim-Chester Disease: A Case Report with Radiographic Characteristics
Erdheim-Chester disease (ECD) is a rare non-Langerhans cell histiocytosis. The disease is highly variable in severity, ranging from incidental findings in asymptomatic patients to fatal multisystem disease [1]. Diagnosis is based on characteristic histological and radiological findings.
Tuberous Sclerosis Complex Unveiled: Presentation of Bilateral Enlarged Diffuse Fatty Kidneys
Tuberous Sclerosis (TS), which is also known as Tuberous sclerosis complex or Bourneville disease, is a rare genetic autosomal dominant disorder with multiorgan involvement. It is a neurocutaneous syndrome or phakomatosis spectrum, characterized by the presence of multiple hamartomas and benign or malignant neoplasms throughout the body, typically in the brain, skin, retina, kidneys, heart and lung. Mutations in Tuberous Sclerosis Complex1 (TSC1) or Tuberous Sclerosis Complex2 (TSC2) genes contribute to the development of these lesions. Despite advancements in treatment, the prognosis for TS remains poor, with approximately 40% of patients succumbing by the age of 35. This abstract is about a young woman presented with bilateral enlarged and abnormally hyperechoic kidneys with loss of normal renal architecture and appeared as retroperitoneal masses on ultrasonography (USG). Subsequent Computed Tomography (CT) and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) confirmed the presence of fatty parenchyma secondary to multiple bilateral angiomyolipoma’s, along with subependymal hamartomas on MRI of the brain, thus aiding in the definitive diagnosis of tuberous sclerosis complex.
Coexistence of Tuberculosis and Malignancy in a Single LymphNode
The coexistence of tuberculosis and malignancy in the same lymph node is very uncommon. The purpose of this article was to discuss, through our cases, clinical features and treatment options of this condition. We conducted a retrospective study including cases of concomitant tuberculosis and malignancy within the same cervical lymph node treated between 2008 and 2022. The study included ten patients. They received or were receiving treatment for cancer or tuberculosis in seven cases. All patients presented with recurrent or new lymph nodes despite being under treatment. The three remaining patients had no history of cancer or tuberculosis. The histopathological exam confirmed the coexistence of tuberculosis and malignancy within the same lymph node. Histological types of the diagnosed cancers included: laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma, papillary thyroid carcinoma, nasopharyngeal carcinoma, medullary carcinoma of the thyroid gland, Hodgkin lymphoma, non-Hodgkin lymphoma and diffuse large B cell lymphoma. All patients received treatment for tuberculosis and cancer. Average duration of antituberculosis treatment was eight months (6-12). Two patients were dead because septic complication in one case and for pulmonary complication due to miliary tuberculosis in one case. Concomitant tuberculosis and malignancy are possible, especially in countries with high tuberculosis incidence. Therefore, a detailed histopathological examination is required to prevent misdiagnosis. Immunocompromised states related to cancer and its treatments can add the risk of flare-up of a latent infection.
A Case of Urinary Retention in an Adolescent Female
A 15-year-old female presented to our emergency department with complaints of anuria for over 24 hours. She also had diffuse non-radiating abdominal pain, abdominal distention, and increased frequency of stools for the last 4 days. The patient had an unremarkable past medical history and reported no medication use. At presentation, she was afebrile, with a heart rate of 90 beats per minute, respiratory rate of 15 per minute, blood pressure of 118/82 mm of Hg, and saturation of 99% on room air. Physical examination revealed a distended abdomen with tenderness over the lower quadrants, with no guarding or rigidity. A hard mass was palpable in the lower quadrant of the abdomen and bowel sounds were normal. The genito-urinary examination was normal. Straight urethral catheterization resulted in 300 ml of amber-coloured urine. She had no laboratory abnormalities with normal renal function and a creatinine of 0.6 mg/dl. Computerized tomography (CT) of the abdomen and pelvis with contrast is shown in Figures 1 and 2. The CT revealed marked dilation of the sigmoid colon, measuring over 13 cm with a large amount of fecal matter. The urinary bladder was compressed and displaced laterally to the right, and no hydronephrosis was noted.
Prevalence and Pattern of Ocular Diseases among Rural Dwellers in Affa, Enugu State
Background: The prevalence and pattern of different ocular diseases among rural dwellers vary in different parts of the world. It is usually influenced by a numerous factor, including but not limited to utilization of eye care services, socio-economic status, and level of education. Aim: To identify the most prevalent eye diseases and their pattern of occurrence, among rural dwellers in South East Nigeria, with a view to influence targeted health policies and subsequently, targeted interventions to improve eye health in the region. Methods: The study was a cross sectional study involving patients willing to participate in the study during a one-day free eye outreach organized by the Ophthalmology department, ESUTH Parklane at Affa Community in Udi Local Government Area of Enugu state. A preliminary visit was made one week prior to the health outreach, by some members of the outreach team to mobilize the community, seek their consent and fix a date through their leaders. On the day for the outreach, the objective of the eye screening was explained to the participants in both English and their local language. Subsequently, informed consent was obtained and each subject registered and the bio-data documented. Registered participant had their unaided and aided Visual Acuity (VA) of each eye determined. Then, the anterior and posterior segment was examined. Data collected were recorded using a proforma and later inputted into a computer, cleaned and analysed using SPSS version 21. Results were presented in tables and represented in frequencies percentages. Association between variables were done using t-test and p-value of <0.05 was considered significant. Results: One hundred and sixty-eight participants were screened during the outreach programme/study with mean age of 40+0.5years. There were more females 116 (69.1%) than males 52 (30.9%), giving a female to male ratio of 2:1 and they are predominantly Christians and farmers. The common ocular problems among the participants include cataract 53 (22.6%), refractive error 37 (15.8%), Pterygium 35 (14.9%). Cataract was the most common eye disease among the outreach participants and responsible for 22.6% of all ocular problems. Normal visual acuity was found more in participants < 50 years of age, mild visual impairment occurred more in participants 51-70 years while moderate visual impairment to blindness were seen more in patients >70 years. Conclusion: In this study, the commonest ocular problems among the participants include Cataract, Refractive error, and Pterygium which are reversible causes of visual impairment and blindness. Therefore, health policies and advocacies should be directed towards reducing the burden of these reversible causes of visual impairment and blindness among the rural dwellers which constitute greater proportion of our population.
Rituximab-Induced Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy
A 76 year-old high-functioning male presented with executive dysfunction nearing conclusion of rituximab maintenance monotherapy post bendamustine and rituximab induction for igm and igg biclonal lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma. In total seventeen doses of rituximab were delivered over approximately two years achieving partial disease response. This treatment occurred on a background of secondary immune thrombocytopenia necessitating low-dose corticosteroids for several years previously. Magnetic resonance neuroimaging demonstrated multifocal deep white matter lesions (green dots) confirmed as progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy on both cerebrospinal fluid jc virus titres (33 iu/ml) and brain biopsy histopathology (intracellular viral inclusions concentrated within regions of demyelination). Despite eventual immune reconstitution in response to plasma exchange, ivig, filgrastim and pembrolizumab, our patient ultimately suffered progressive demyelinating foci associated with neurological disability culminating in death. As such, this case highlights a rare yet fatal side effect of rituximab immunotherapy.
Comparison of Portable Smartphone-Based Auto-Refraction with Table top Auto-Refraction and Manual Retinoscopic RefractionAmong Adolescents in A Tertiary Hospital in Enugu Nigeria
Background: Uncorrected refractive error (URE) is the leading cause of preventable blindness and global vision impairment (VI) with relatively high prevalence among school aged adolescents and children. Timely detection and correction may prevent the development of amblyopia, strabismus and enhance school success in these age group. Aim: The aim of this study was to compare the refractive error measurements of Smartphone-based auto refraction with tabletop auto refraction and retinoscopy among adolescents attending eye clinic of Enugu State University of Science and Technology Teaching Hospital Parklane (ESUTTHP); Enugu, with a view to determining if portable Smartphone-based auto refraction can serve as a reliable alternative to tabletop auto refraction and Retinoscopy. Methods: This was a hospital-based comparative cross-sectional study done over ten month period on 292 adolescents (584 eyes) aged 13-19 years with refractive errors attending eye clinic of the Hospital. Patients were selected by simple random sampling after which non-cycloplegic and cycloplegic refractive measurements of their eyes were performed using the three study instruments (Smartphone-based autorefractor (SBAR), Tabletop autorefractor (TTAR) and Retinoscope). The mean spherical values (SV) and spherical equivalent values (SEV) were determined and compared using ANOVA. Data entry and analysis were done using SPSS version 23. Results: The mean age of the study participants was 16.6+0.76years, (age range 13-19years) comprising162 (55.5%) females and 130(44.5%) males; in the ratio of 1.3:1. Students constituted majority of the study participants 150 (51.4%). In non-cycloplegic state, 430 (73.6%) eyes were found to have refractive errors according to study definition (≥ 0.50 D); comprising 44 (7.5%) of myopia, 28 (4.8%) of hypermetropia, 264 (45.2%) of myopic astigmatism and 94 (16.1%) of hypermetropic astigmatism. But in cycloplegic state, 461(78,9%) eyes comprising 31(5.3%) of myopia, 30 (5.1%) of hypermetropia, 320(54.8%) of myopic astigmatism and 80(13.7%) of hypermetropic astigmatism were found. The NETRA Smartphone-based auto refractor was found to measure refractive errors in adolescents as effectively as tabletop auto refractor both in non-cycloplegic and cycloplegic states but could not measure up to retinoscopy in both states.
A 61-year-old man, with no known comorbidities, came to the emergency room on foot because of shortness of breath and chest pain while lying down, abdominal pain and fever with chills38°C. In the background, apart from drinking alcohol from time to time, there is nothing to note, in his presence there are two dogs, there is no story of a bite but licking by the dogs in the face
School of Liberal Art, University of St. Thomas of Houston, Houston, USA
Mosquitoes are the most harmful insects who cause 2 million illnesses, kill 28 thousand people daily [1,2]. The challenge for researchers has been to develop a bait combination that attracts female mosquitoes and keeps them away from humans. In the animal kingdom, as a matter of survival, millions of years of natural selection have been guiding species toward prey that they can successfully kill. This is true for mosquitoes. Among the 250 billion mammals and birds as potential victims, mosquitoes choose birds with a 42 °C body temperature 50% of the time, humans at 37 °C 4% of the time, and other warmer mammals (40 °C) 46% of the time. Previous research has shown that 40 °C toxic bait traps successfully attract and kill female mosquitoes [3]. A series of individual and side-by-side group experiments gradually identified the chain of events process that female mosquito use to locate hosts and meals. Upon the calls of nature, female mosquitoes sought warm-blooded animals to feed on. They first targeted accessible at or on approximate 42 °C hosts, then hosts with 40 °C, and finally those with 37 °C. In these situations, they had success rates in feeding of 50%, 46%, and 4%, respectively.
Mosquito Control, Killing Them Before They Hatch
Mosquitoes are the most harmful insects who cause 2 million illnesses, kill 28 thousand people daily, most of them are in underdevelopment countries where a good part of the population is living without running water, people store water in large containers for their daily uses especially for food preparation, cooking, and drinking; there come mosquito habitats. People there are looking up to science for uncharm methods to kill those mosquito-to-be larvae and pupae that are already in their home. Proposed methods include introductions of oil, soap, toxin, or larvae eating fish contaminate their waters making them unfit for human consumption, they do not welcome. Because the insects are naturally air breathers, using minuscule snorkeling syphons, the experiments used CO2 to suffocate them by bending a duct to redirect smog from small candles onto the water surface. As the result, they were all killed in minutes.
Satisfaction and Experiences in Telehealth of The Filipino Patient and Caregiver: A Sequential Explanatory Single-Center Study
Introduction: The CoVID-19 pandemic paved a way for telehealth which was then considered as the "new normal". Generally, satisfaction influences the decision making of users. This study determined patient and caregiver satisfaction and experiences with the use of telehealth services. Methods: A cross-sectional sequential explanatory design was utilized. Patients and caregivers from May to August 2022 at the Department of Internal Medicine in University of Santo Tomas Hospital initially answered the Telemedicine Satisfaction Questionnaire (TSQ), followed by exploring their experiences with telehealth through key informant interviews. A score of ≥ 4 over 5 from the TSQ showed a higher satisfaction score. Pearson R correlation, Spearman Correlation, Fisher-Freeman-Halton Exact Test, and Mann Whitney U test were used in the quantitative phase, while inductive thematic analysis was utilized for the qualitative phase. Results: A total of 182 patients and caregivers participated in the first phase, while 11 respondents were interviewed. There were 146 patients and 36 caregivers with mean age of 41.48 ± 12.7. The TSQ scores ranges from 4.32 to 4.62, and 96.7% of the participants had overall score of 24 over 5. Age and location had significant association with telehealth services. The qualitative phase introduced three themes 1) Telemedicine: Improving Quality of Life in the Digital Age, 2) Limiting Consequences of the Primary Setup Shift in Consultations, and 3) Nuances of Traditional and Modern Health Services. Conclusion: The participants had a high overall satisfaction score which means patients and caregivers has high level of satisfaction leading to advocating the use of telehealth. Personal accounts from the interviews showed that telemedicine improved the overall quality of life of patients and caregivers. Creating a convenient, efficient, economical, safe, and comfortable health care service where actual needs of patients and caregivers are met.
Phlegmatia Cærulea Dolens Complicated By Rhabdomyolysis
68-year-old patient, with a history of arterial hypertension, admitted to the emergency department for pain in the left lower limb lasting for 8 hours. On physical examination, the limb was cold cyanotic, with edema extending from the foot to the thigh (figure 1). The popliteal pulse was very weak and the Homans sign was positive. Laboratory tests showed D Dimer at 1200 μg/L, creatinine at 210 μmol/l and creatine phosphokinase at 360 IU/l. Dopller ultrasound revealed a thrombosis of the common femoral vein extended to the external iliac vein. The arteries of the lower limbs were patent. The diagnosis of phlegmatia caerulea dolens complicated by rhabdomyolysis was made. The treatment was medical, combining rehydration with a saline infusion and heparin therapy (unfractionated heparin). The evolution was favorable, with normalization of renal function and disappearance of pain. The patient left the hospital after 15 days with treatment based on apixiban.
Diriyah Hospital CT Scan Service’s Readiness for ACR Accreditation:A Gap Analysis
ACR clinical service accreditation Guidelines titled the Practice Parameters and Technical Standards help advance the science of radiology by improving the quality of imaging service to patients. Since the use of computed tomography (CT) has rapidly increased since its introduction in the 1970s, physicians see benefits of using computerized tomography (CT) scanning in their patient care management. It is possible nowadays to perform more examinations on time. However, extending the scope of some examinations, as well as introducing some new techniques occurs sometimes. The ease of acquisition of images results sometimes in unnecessary exposure of patients to radiation, particularly in developed countries. Furthermore, organ doses from CT scanning are considerably larger than those from corresponding conventional X-ray. The CT scan is the most appropriate modality of receive a traumatic patients. The CT scan is also very effective in diagnosis of traumatic cases with high resolution in real time mode and visualization of fine details with or without the use of contrast medium. CT is now a standard diagnostic tool for patient’s pathologies detection, trauma, renal calculi, appendicitis, and heart conditions. The speed, accuracy and availability of CT technology have rapidly raised the volume of CT scans performed in patients, despite the fact that CT scanning delivers a higher radiation dose to the patient than other available procedures
Academic Accreditation and Assessment in Medical Laboratory Science Education in Timor-Leste
Introduction: Accreditation for higher education in Timor-Leste leaded and realized by National Agency for Academic Assessment and Accreditation (NAAAA), Ministry of Higher Education, Science and Culture. In medical education, accreditation aim to assess the availability of curriculum, human resources, infrastructure and medical laboratory equipment to support teaching and learning process in the academic higher institution especially for the medical laboratory sciences education. This accreditation was conducted in Oriental University of Timor-Loro Sa’e (UNITAL) especially department of medical laboratory technology. The 39 respondents were 10 lecturers, 4 stakeholders, 13 alumni and 12 students from department of medical laboratory. It was found that there were very limited human resources with expertise that compatible to the study program, curriculum issue, limited room for teaching and learning process, limited WIFI accession, and require a complete laboratory equipment for practical classes. However, the department has been established more than 6 -7 years without curriculum revision, laboratory infrastructure progress and compatible lecturers that available.
National Agency for Academic Assessment and Accreditation
A State of Septic Shock Revealing a Pyomyoma as An Exceptional Complication Post Abortum
Pyomyoma is a pyogenous infection of a leiomyoma and occurs when a leiomyoma under goes infarction and subsequent infection. It is a rare, yet potentially fatal complication of uterine leiomyoma. We report the case of a 42-year-old tunisian woman,20 weeks of gestation, who presented with rupture of membrane. In her ultrasonography, in 20 weeks of gestation, she had 18 cm × 16 cm sub-mucosal to intramural myoma and a normal fetus. a cesarean section was performed for suspected chorioamniotitis with a failed induction. Seven days later, she presented with fever and lower abdominalpain. In physical examination, she had blood pressure:100/70mmHg, pulse rate: 110 beats per minute and temperature:39.5°C. She had tenderness on uterus and uterine height was 24 weeks. Ultrasonography showed a hetero-echoic mass (18 cm × 16 cm × 12 cm) in posterior side of uterus and endometrial thickness was 8 mm. With diagnosis of endometritis or infected myoma, she was admitted and received intravenous.
Acrodermatitis Continua of Hallopeau in A Case of Psoriatic Arthritis
This is a case of a young female with generalized plaque psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis involving small joints of hand (predominantly distal interphalangeal joints). This patient develops nail changes in the form of painful red pustules with significant erythema at tip of the right ring and little fingers with onychodystrophy suggesting acrodermatitis continua of Hallopeau (ACH) She also has active DIP arthritis in the little finger ACH presents as pustular eruptions beginning in the tip of fingers and toes which is also considered as a variant of palmo-plantar psoriasis
Acral (limb) and renal anomalies occur together as a single developmental field defect or as components of several malformation syndromes. The embryogenesis of that defect was studied experimentally by Lash and the developmental relationship between kidneys and limbs has been reviewed by Buchta and Gilbert. The acral anomalies consist of split hand/ split foot, varying combination of oligodactyly, ectrodactyly, syndactyly, brachydactyly, polydactyly or fusion of carpal, tarsal, metatarsal bones of hands and feet. Urinary tract dysplasias are renal agenesis, duplication, ureteral hypoplasia, polycystic kidneys, hydronephrosis and bladder neck obstruction. The authors report three cases of acrorenal syndrome and discuss its clinical and laboratory findings.
Para-Testicular Mesenchymal Chondrosarcomas: an Updated Review of Clinical Insights and Therapeutic Considerations
Para-testicular mesenchymal chondrosarcoma, an uncommon malignancy originating in the para-testicular region, poses distinctive diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. This comprehensive review offers insights into its incidence, epidemiology, clinical presentation, histopathological features, diagnostic methods, treatment strategies, and prognosis. The recent WHO classification for Soft Tissue Tumors and Bone is a pivotal tool in refining pathologic diagnoses and therapeutic decisions. Notably, the inclusion of skilled clinicians’ insights underscores the pivotal role of accurate pathologic diagnoses in guiding treatment choices. Advancements include risk assessment for solitary fibrous tumors, the recognition of NTRK-rearranged soft tissue tumors as an “emerging entity,” and the classification of undifferentiated round cell sarcomas. The tumor’s rarity, intrinsic and technological complexities, and limited educational impact contribute to the intricate landscape of diagnosis and treatment for mesenchymal tumors.
Blue Rubber Bleb Nevus Syndrome with Large Ulcerated Cutaneous Lesions: First Yemeni Case Report
Blue rubber bleb nevus syndrome is a rare, sporadic, congenital disorder characterized by numerous cutaneous and internal venous malformations. We report the case of a 2-month-old male with multiple large, bluish, bleb-like, nodular lesions on the face, scalp, neck, trunk, and limbs present since birth. Some of these lesions exhibit central ulceration, which is an unprecedented observation.