Congestive Heart Failure and the Goal-Directed Medical Therapy

Abstract

Heart failure is one of the top causes of death around worldwide. Heart failure affects approximately 26 million people worldwide today. Considering that obesity, hypertension, diabetes, and smoking all significantly increase the likelihood of heart failure, lifestyle modifications can significantly improve the health of the population. In addition, with an aging population and rising rates of diseases like diabetes and coronary heart disease, it is predicted that the condition’s prevalence and costs would increase. As a condition that threatens life, heart failure must consequently be a worldwide health priority. Heart failure is primarily a treatable medical illness. ACE inhibitors and beta-blockers have been found to lower mortality and hospitalization in the treatment of heart failure. The therapy of heart failure seeks to both prolong life by decreasing the progression of the disease and enhance the quality of life of patients by reducing symptoms. Patient education, diuretics, angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, angiotensin II receptor blockers, beta-blockers, aldosterone antagonists, sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors, neprilysin inhibitors, sinus node inhibitors, specialized implantable pacemakers/defibrillators and  other devices, and correction of the cause(s) of the HF syndrome are all included in the treatment of heart failure.