Journal of Dermatology Research Reviews & Reports
Editor-in-Chief Alessia Paganelli Professor Consultant Dermatologist at the Dermatology Outpatient Clinic at Modena University Hospital Italy ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0916-7769 Journal of Dermatology Research Reviews & Reports is an open-access, peer-reviewed journal dedicated to research and developments in dermatology, skin diseases, cutaneous medicine, and related clinical and biomedical fields. The journal provides a platform for researchers, academicians, dermatologists, clinicians, healthcare professionals, and biomedical scientists to share innovative research, clinical findings, therapeutic approaches, and emerging trends in dermatological science and patient care. The journal welcomes submissions in the form of Letter-to-Editor, Conference Proceedings, Research, Review, Case Reports, E-Books, Editorials, Opinions, Short Communications, Mini-Reviews, Book Reviews, Video Articles, and PowerPoint Presentations (PPTs). Call for Papers: Special Issue on New Frontiers in Skin Disease Diagnosis and Treatment Journal of Dermatology Research Reviews & Reports invites researchers, scientists, academics, dermatologists, physicians, clinicians, healthcare professionals, and experts from related disciplines to contribute original and high-quality manuscripts to our upcoming Special Issue on “New Frontiers in Skin Disease Diagnosis and Treatment.” This Special Issue focuses on emerging advances in the diagnosis, prevention, treatment, and management of skin diseases. Contributions addressing innovative diagnostic technologies, precision dermatology, advanced imaging, artificial intelligence in dermatology, novel therapeutics, biologic therapies, personalized treatment strategies, dermatologic surgery, and emerging approaches to improving patient outcomes are particularly encouraged. Articles can be submitted through online from https://srcpublishers.com/dermatology-research-reviews-rep/user/register or can send through an e-mail with attachment for dermoresearch@onlinescientificresearch.info or jdmrs@onlinescientificresearch.net 0.5 Impact Factor 84.5% Citations 65% Acceptance
Toxicological and Phytochemical Potentials of CALOTROPIS PROCERA
Though literature searches reveal much work about ethnomedicinal uses, chemical composition and pharmacological activities, no recent papers are available that provide an overview of the toxicity and phytochemical potential of Calotropis procera. Hence, the insight of this review is to provide a systematic summary of toxicology, phytochemistry, and therapeutic potential of Calotropis procera and to highlight the gaps in the knowledge to offer inspiration for future research.
Copyright (c) 2026 Journal of Dermatology Research Reviews & Reports
Moth-Eaten Alopecia of the Scalp and Beard as a Manifestation ofSecondary Syphilis: A Diagnostic Challenge
Syphilis, caused by Treponema pallidum, remains a diagnostic challenge because of its highly variable clinical manifestations that often mimic otherdermatologic conditions. We report a case of secondary syphilis presenting with moth-eaten alopecia of the scalp and beard in a middle-aged man.The condition was initially mistaken for alopecia areata, delaying effective treatment. Trichoscopy showed nonspecific findings, but serologic testingconfirmed the diagnosis. Benzathine penicillin therapy led to progressive hair regrowth and clinical resolution. This case underscores the importanceof considering syphilis in the differential diagnosis of nonscarring alopecia and highlights the role of serology in avoiding misdiagnosis, unnecessarytreatments, and ongoing disease transmission.
Eczema, or atopic dermatitis, is a chronic, relapsing inflammatory skin disease characterized by intense itching and erythematous lesions. It imposesa significant psychosocial burden as conventional medicine currently offers no definitive cure. While biomedical models focus on epidermal barrierdysfunction and immune dysregulation, the Buddhist framework of the Guan Yin Citta Dharma Door identifies the root cause as the ripening of killingkarma and the presence of spirits from past harm to sentient beings (note: spirit is the soul of dead human or animal). Therefore, this study presents acase of a patient with a seven-year history of treatment-resistant sole eczema who achieved a complete and smooth recovery by applying the Five GoldenBuddhist Practices of Guan Yin Citta Dharma Door. By prioritizing the Amitabha Pure Land Rebirth Mantra to ascend the small spirits and eliminatekilling karma by performing Five Golden Buddhist Practices, the practitioner addressed the spiritual origins of the illness, demonstrating that sincerecultivation can resolve even the most persistent physical ailments.
Acne in a School Setting: Epidemiological and Clinical Aspects, andStudents Attitudes
Background: Acne is a chronic inflammatory skin disease of the pilosebaceous follicle, particularly common during adolescence, a period marked bysignificant hormonal and psychosocial changes. In West Africa, and more specifically in Guinea, epidemiological data on acne among schoolchildrenremain limited. Objective: To describe the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of acne and the attitudes of students towards acne in schools in Conakry Materials and Methods: This was a descriptive and analytical cross-sectional study conducted from April 10 to June 5, 2023, in public and privatesecondary schools in the five communes of Conakry. Data were collected using a self-administered, anonymous, and pre-tested questionnaire. Statisticalanalysis was performed using R software, version 4.2.1. Results: A total of 501 students were included in the study. The prevalence of acne was 92%, mainly affecting adolescents aged 18 to 22 years, witha slight female predominance. The lesions were mostly mild in severity. Nearly 73% of the students reported discomfort related to acne. The use of dermatological care remained low, while self-medication was common. Conclusion: Acne is extremely common among adolescents attending school in Conakry and constitutes a significant dermatological and psychosocialhealth problem. The low rate of access to specialized care highlights the need to strengthen awareness campaigns in schools and improve access todermatological services.
Cutaneous Horn in Helix of Right Ear: Presentation of a Case
ABSTRACT The cutaneous horn as a keratotic lesion, the height of which must exceed at least one half of the diameter of its base. It is characterized by being conical and circumscribed that varies from a few millimeters to several centimeters, white or yellowish in color, and looks like an animal horn. Presenting mainly in photoexposed areas of the face and trunk, with a predilection in the female sex. A case is presented of an elderly male patient, a farmer by profession, with a history of high blood pressure, who had a large cutaneous horn on his right ear. Therefore, it was decided to perform a complete excision of the lesion, and the histopathological study confirmed the diagnosis, with no finding of malignancy.
Copyright (c) 2025 Journal of Dermatology Research Reviews & Reports
Acne Keloidalis Nuchae: Follicular Curvature and Hair Texture as Predisposing Factors for Chronic Follicular Inflammation - Case Report
Acne keloidalis nuchae (AKN) is a chronic inflammatory dermatosis of the scalp that primarily affects young men with Afro-textured hair and skin phototypes IV–VI. Its pathogenesis involves an immune response against follicular antigens, leading to perifollicular inflammation, papules, pustules, and hypertrophic plaques. Despite its clinical relevance in populations of African descent, AKN remains underrepresented in dermatological literature. This report aims to contribute to the understanding of the disease by documenting clinical, trichoscopic, and histopathological findings in a clinical case, emphasizing the role of follicular curvature as a structural and genetic factor in disease predisposition.
Acne Keloidalis Nuchae, Follicular Curvature, Hair Textura
Ostraceous Psoriasis, An Unusual Presentation: Case Report
ABSTRACT We report the case of a 16 year old female patient, Fitzpatrick skin phototype IV, who presented with a generalized, bilateral, and symmetrical dermatosischaracterized by erythematous plaques of oval configuration with well defined regular borders. The lesions exhibited whitish, hyperkeratotic, concavescales resembling oyster shells on their surface, with variable distribution and size, pruritic in nature, and of two months’ evolution. Histopathologicalexamination was consistent with psoriasis vulgaris. Systemic therapy with methotrexate was initiated, combined with high potency topical corticosteroids(clobetasol cream 0.05%), achieving satisfactory clinical improvement after three months of treatment. Ostraceous psoriasis is an uncommon presentation,with few cases reported in the literature. It accounts for approximately 26% of the atypical hyperkeratotic variants of plaque psoriasis. The diagnostichallmark lies in the recognition of the elementary lesion: plaques with an erythematous ring and infiltrated base, circular in configuration, with regular and well defined borders, and an internal concave, concentric, and conical surface that imparts the characteristic oyster shell appearance. Therapeutic management is generally based on conventional systemic and topical regimens; however, in refractory cases, biological therapy has been employedwith favorable outcomes.
Answer of Regenerative Therapy Not Hair Treatment Patients withAndrogenetic Alopecia Approved for Hairmetrix® Technology -Case Report
ABSTRACT Male alopecia is characterized by thinning hair and is mainly found in the crown and frontal regions of the hair. The objective of this study was to evaluatemen from 33 to 44 years of age, with Androgenetic Alopecia Norwood-Hamilton III V, without topical and/or systemic treatment in the last 3 monthsand during the entire period of support, being periodically evaluated by HairMetrix® technology as alterations that occur in the amount of Miniaturizedhairs, hair density per region and hair length per cm2 after application of an autologous suspension obtained with the Rigenera® system in patients for 7months. For this descriptive study, 08 (one) volunteer patients were consecutively and randomly recruited. The inclusion criteria defined by: men between33 and 44 years of age diagnosed with AAG. The treatment consisted of the use of autologous cells that were prepared using a double centrifugationmethod. After activation, the autologous cells are grafted into the areas involved in the scalp once. According to research, all patients were satisfied asa result of the procedure with autologous cells and the images obtained from HairMetrix noted significant improvement after 7 months. The patients who participate in this research hope to be able to help other patients who are in the same situation and with the advancement of studies related to malepattern baldness and its treatments. Given two results obtained from this research, I conclude that Rigenera is a powerful technology that provides a fastand effective method for the recovery of the bald area. The procedure is minimally invasive and must be performed in offices by qualified and properlytrained doctors. HairMetrix® technology is capable of quickly and accurately recording the condition of two hairs before and after the execution of procedures, significantly increasing the efficiency of treatments.
Bilobed Flap: A Surgical Alternative in Nasal Ulcerated Basal Cell Carcinoma
Basal cell carcinoma was first described by Jacob in 1827 as a very slow-growing ulcer on the face, with peculiar edges reminiscent of a rat bite, which is why it was called “Ulcus Rodens” and over time it has received various denominations. Basal cell carcinomas: are defined as malignant epithelial tumors located in the skin, arising from pluripotent cells in the basal area of the epidermis and the external root sheath of the hair at the level of the lower isthmus and pons. They are slow growing, rarely produce metastases, have local destructive capacity, and compromise extensive areas of tissue, cartilage and even bone. They develop in photo-exposed areas of individuals with a light phototype, between the third and sixth decade of life. Treatment for patients with basal cell carcinoma includes: surgical and non-surgical options, among surgical options, excision is the standard therapy, considered effective since it has cure rates of 9 to 95% at 5 years; which is why it was the treatment chosen for our case with subsequent reconstruction of the surgical defect. For surgical reconstruction, several types of flaps can be proposed, including the bilobed flap, which is a double transposition flap that shares a single base.
Analysis of Epicutaneous Patch Test Results in Patients with AllergicContact Dermatitis in a Rural Environment
Recent literature explores epidemiological patterns of ACD and observes differences in rural and urban populations prevalence of ACD as well as causative allergens. This retrospective review aims to characterize the landscape of allergic contact dermatitis in the rural U.S.
Copyright (c) 2024 Journal of Dermatology Research Reviews & Reports
Rare Nail Tumor: Soft Fibroma About a Case
Soft fibroma or fibroma molluscum is a benign tumor developing from connective tissue. It can affect all organs. We report clinical, dermoscopic, paraclinical and histological images of a soft fibroma of unusual nail location. This is a 43-year-old patient, who presented to the consultation for a small soft, pedunculated nodule, of flesh-colored, painless, located at the level of the proximal paronychium of the thumbnail of the left hand. She presented no pain, no sensory deficit, no local inflammation and there were no other locations. The x-ray was normal. Because of aesthetic discomfort reported by the patient, a surgical excision was carried out, under local anesthesia, with anatomopathological study which confirmed the diagnosis.
Joe and Jill Biden’s Basal Cell Carcinomas Catalyzing Advocacy in Fight Against Skin Cancer
ABSTRACT Basal cell carcinoma is the most common cutaneous malignancy. The incidence of basal cell carcinoma in prominent figures like President Joe Biden and First Lady Jill Biden opens the gate to improving public education on the prevention and treatment of basal cell carcinoma. The Bidens must work with dermatologists to improve public health programs promoting sunscreen use and regular skin examinations.
Basal Cell Carcinoma, Skin Cancer, Awareness, Early Detection
Psoriasis Vulgaris (PV) Exacerbation in Acute Myeloid Leukemia(AML) Patient Treated with Cytarabine/Daunorubicin (C/D)
Adverse reactions associated with chemotherapeutic agents to treat acute leukemia such as cytarabine and daunorubicin (C/D) have been reported regularly, however, psoriasis vulgaris is a rare adverse event. We report a 46-year-old Indonesian man presented with multiple erythema scaly plaques on his trunk for one month. He was diagnosed with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) 4 months ago, and received remission-induction chemotherapy for AML with a high-dose combination of C/D.
The Use of Polymethylmetacrylate (PMMA) in Bioplasty
Introduction: Polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) is an alloplastic compound used for body and facial filling, commercialized in microsphere format diluted in purified vehicles, and used as polymer applied to bioplasty. In Brazil, infiltrative PMMA implants are being used in order to restore the volume lost during the aging process and the formation of wrinkles and other types of facial depressions or body asymmetries. PMMA is a polymer that stimulates neocollagenesis, causing a controlled inflammatory reaction, which stabilizes the material and defines the implant site. However, there is still a lack of documentation and research on possible adverse reactions to this material. Methods: This is a restrospective study of bioplasty patients attended at a private clinic from 2005 to 2019. Demographic profile of the patients was registered, as well as the PMMA commercial brand used in them, concentration, site of implantation among other aspects related to the procedure. 506 charts were included; all patients were women, 49.4% were middle aged. Results: The main complaint was aesthetic (94.3%). The most performed diagnostics were nasal alteration (33.6%). The most implanted site was the nose (84.4%) and the most used brand was Linnea Safe, at 30%. Only one patient (0.2%) presented complication which was infection. Conclusion: PMMA implantation was mainly performed in the nose of middle-aged women and with low incidence of adverse reactions. More studies regarding incidence and epidemiology of PMMA implantation are needed.
Polymethyl Methacrylate, Esthetics, Incidence, Female
Review of Stem Cell Therapy for Hair Loss
ABSTRACT Background: Hair loss (HL) is a disorder that both male and female experience frequently. The most typical kind of hair loss is pattern hair loss, which is also referred to as androgenetic alopecia. Recent years have seen a surge in interest in stem cell-based therapies, which aim to reactivate hair follicle stem cells and so promote the growth, regeneration, and advance of hair follicles. Stem cell transplant, conditioned media made from stem cells, and exosomes made from stem cells are all examples of stem cell-based therapeutic techniques. Objective: In this review, we will highlight stem cell therapies and hair loss. Methods: We scoured medical papers and databases including PubMed and Google Scholar for information on Hair Loss, Alopecia areata, Types of stem cells and Stem Cell Therapy. After meticulously screening references from the appropriate literature, which included all of the identified research and reviews, the authors included only the most current or complete study. Conclusion: Because stem cells can result in follicle regeneration, their use in hair regeneration is promising. It is quite possible to cure nonautoimmune hair loss with stem cell regeneration for a variety of causes. In the future, stem cells and their secretory factors may be used to cure hair loss and alopecia areata.
Hair Loss, Alopecia Areata, Types of Stem Cells, Stem Cell Therapy
The Influence of Gender on Dermatological Cosmetic Procedures
As cosmetic procedures become more mainstream, it’s crucial to understand how gender influences people’s choices, motivations, and experiences in this field. This article explores the distinct ways men and women approach dermatological cosmetic treatments, examining the psychological, social, and economic factors that shape their decisions.
American Society of Plastic Surgeons (ASPS)
Reporte De Caso Lupus Cutaneo Discoide Generalizado
Jiménez B, Marte I, Hernández D, Rosales L, Vivas S. Lupus erythematosus (LE) is an autoimmune inflammatory disease that includes a wide spectrum of manifestations, from the systemic type to the skin-limited variant, such as cutaneous lupus erythematosus (CLE). We present the case of a 38-yearold female informal retailer who complained of scaling and pruritus on the scalp, with the spread of erythematous lesions to the face, neck, and arms, pruritic for one year. She presented to the dermatology department of the Dr. Enrique Tejera Hospital City. Her evaluation revealed atrophy, corneal plugs, telangiectasias, and white scales. Clinical findings were unremarkable. First-line treatment was initiated with a combination of clobetasol and topical tacrolimus and azathioprine, with little response. Conclusion: LDL is a disease with a heterogeneous clinical spectrum, both in symptomatology and prognosis. The scarring it causes affects patients’ self-esteem and quality of life.
Cutaneous Lupus Erythematosus, Sun-Exposed Areas, Atrophy
Mycoplasma Pneumoniae-Induced Rash and Mucositis (MIRM)in a Pediatric Patient: A Case Report and Review of ClinicalManagement
Background: Mycoplasma pneumoniae-induced rash and mucositis (MIRM) is a mucocutaneous eruption occurring primarily in pediatric patients in response to Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection. Although often confused with Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) or erythema multiforme (EM), MIRM is distinguished by specific clinical and serological findings and requires a distinct treatment approach. Case Presentation: A previously healthy 9-year-old child presented with a high fever of 40°C, painful oral ulcers, and atypical target-like lesions on the extremities following a respiratory infection initially diagnosed as pharyngitis. Despite initial antibiotic treatment, mucosal and cutaneous symptoms developed, characterized by mouth ulcers with hemorrhagic crusting and papulo-erythematous lesions on the extremities. A chest X-ray demonstrated mild airway inflammation, and laboratory results showed elevated acute-phase proteins and Mycoplasma pneumoniae IgM and IgG levels. The diagnosis of MIRM was established, and treatment included intravenous steroids, antibiotics (ceftriaxone and azithromycin), and supportive care. The child’s condition improved gradually with complete resolution of symptoms. Conclusion: This case underscores the importance of differentiating MIRM from other mucocutaneous disorders to ensure appropriate diagnosis and treatment in pediatric patients presenting with respiratory symptoms and characteristic mucocutaneous lesions.
Multibacillary Leprosy: Presentation of a Clinical Case
Leprosy is an infectious-contagious, chronic granulomatous disease, with a long incubation period (2-21 years), caused by the Mycobacterium leprae complex. It has tropism for skin, mucous membranes of the upper respiratory tract, and peripheral nerves. We present a clinical case of a 24-year-old patient, phototype VI, from the municipality of Huambo, Benfica neighborhood, with a history evolving for about 18 months, without actually making any consultation and with several empirical treatments.
Prurigo Nodularis: Presentation of a Case Report
Nodular prurigo (NP) is a chronic pruritic disorder of unknown origin, characterized by the formation of firm, hyperkeratotic papules and nodules withexcoriations. It occurs with higher incidence between 20 and 60 years of age. Its pathophysiology remains unknown, however recent studies point to a neurocutaneous component. Among the systemic causes that trigger chronic nodular prurigo, several entities stand out, among them some bacterial and hematological infections. We present the case of a patient with NP treated in our department where therapeutic management with topical and systemic corticosteroids for pruritus control and phototherapy with UVB light was performed.
Prurigo, Pruritus, Nodules, Phototherapy
Alopecia Areata Ophiasic with Ciliary Madarosis in A Pediatric Patient: Case Report
A 10-year-old girl presented to the dermatologist for hair and eyelash loss that began in March 2024, after grieving for the loss of her maternal grandmother. Physical examination revealed Fitzpatrick phototype IV/VI and a band-like alopecia in the temporo-occipital region, with partial madarosis on the left side. The Sabouraud sign was negative, and the traction test was positive. Trichoscopy revealed empty follicles, whiteheads, few blackheads, and vellus and regrown hairs. Onychoscopy revealed pitting in the nail plate of the fourth finger of the left hand. The trichogram showed dystrophic anagen and brush hairs at the distal end. Based on these findings, a diagnosis of infantile ophiastic alopecia areata with infantile ciliary madarosis was made. Paraclinical studies were within normal limits. The ophthalmological evaluation recommended 0.005% ophthalmic latanoprost, while the dermatologist prescribed treatment with oral corticosteroids (dexamethasone), 2% topical minoxidil, and clobetasol hair lotion. The child psychologist diagnosed post-traumatic stress disorder. After 56 days of treatment, trichoscopy revealed hair regrowth and eyelash regrowth on the left upper eyelid, demonstrating an excellent therapeutic response.
Alopecia Areata, Ciliary Madarosis, Latanoprost, School Aged
Liliana Coromoto Rosales Ochoa Rosales Ochoa
Disseminated Bullous Pyoderma Gangrenosum: A Clinical Case Report
Pyoderma gangrenosum is a neutrophilic dermatosis that is difficult to diagnose, with various clinical manifestations. Its variants include ulcerous, pustulous, bullous, vegetative, peristomal, and drug-induced. We present a clinical case of bullous pyoderma gangrenosum in a male patient with generalized dermatosis, characterized by flaccid blisters of hematopurulent content, which are subsequently unroofed and evolve into painful ulcers with irregular and purplish borders. Associated diseases were ruled out. The diagnosis was made by histopathological study that showed perivascular and deep neutrophilic inflammatory infiltrate, with areas of necrosis and edema. Remission of lesions was obtained with combined topical corticosteroid therapy and systemic therapy with thalidomide.
Pyoderma Bullous Gangrenosum (PGA), Neutrophilic Dermatosis, Thalidomide
Combined Tubero-Eruptive and Planar Xanthomas in a 49-YearOld Female with Hyperlipidemia
ABSTRACT Background: Xanthomas are cutaneous lesions, ranging from papules to nodules and plaques, consisting of infiltrates of lipid-containing histiocytic foam cells. These usually result from disturbances in lipoprotein metabolism leading to the accumulation and/or deposition of lipoproteins in plasma or tissue. This case report aims to present a patient with coexisting tubero-eruptive and planar xanthomas, associated with underlying hyperlipidemia. Case Report: A 49-year-old Filipino female presented with multiple, well-defined, yellowish papules, nodules and plaques on the elbows, hands, knees, feet, antecubital and popliteal fossae, which started 8 years prior. Initially diagnosed as a case of benign fibrous histiocytoma, she was lost to follow-up until new lesions emerged. Blood tests done revealed hyperlipidemia. Histopathological examinations were consistent with xanthoma. She was referred to Internal Medicine and was prescribed Atorvastatin 40 mg ODHS and Fenofibrate 200 mg OD. She also underwent a series of surgical excisions for some of the large nodules that caused discomfort and mobility problems. Conclusion: This case highlights the importance of the groundwork that history-taking and physical examination establish. Accurate diagnosis of xanthoma is crucial because it may uncover underlying atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, which, when managed promptly, can delay its progression. Given the potential familial or hereditary nature of hyperlipidemia, it is essential to stress the importance of testing not only the patient, but also family members, even those without cutaneous manifestations. Despite the limited use of complex assays and genetic testing in the Philippines, returning to basics such as simple lipid profile tests can reveal serious health implications.
Exosomes: Cutting-Edge Therapies for Autoimmune DermatologicDiseases
Exosomes are small extracellular vesicles with bioactive substances like proteins, lipids and RNAs which are involved in cell-to-cell communication. These vehicles have the capacity to influence major biological procedures such as immune signaling, inflammation and tissue repair hence they can serve as excellent therapeutic approaches. Exosomes may be utilized for delivery of directly into targeted cells and therefore minimizing side effects and increasing the differential effects of treatment. This review focuses on the mechanisms of action and its associated roles as exosomes are being crucial player in autoimmune mediated skin diseases and also used to develop new therapeutic options. Autoimmune diseases (AID) known when immune responses of targeted autoantigens cause a tissue destruction and significantly affecting the quality of life. The current medications often have shown an adverse reactions and limited efficacy in different patient populations. Exosome, macrovesicle, and apoptotic bodies are among the extracellular vesicles found in body fluids and human tissues including blood. They have the tendency to transport the bioactive materials such as membrane receptors or proteins that are specific cells and able to make them more popular, specifically in the field of dermatology. Extracellular exosome-like vesicles are majorly found in human’s largest organ (as skin) that can regulate both normal and pathological conditions through numerous ways. Recently developed drugs are highly successful for treating certain problems in different pathological conditions involving synaptogenesis. These processes are included in immune signaling, inflammation, angiogenesis that are characterized by scleroderma, melanoma, and hair loss. Skin disorders could be able to encompass abnormal behaviors in skin that are majorly involved immune signaling pathways such as inflammation. These kinds of inherent properties as stability, biocompatibility and evasion from host immunity system shows exosomes as excellent candidates for therapeutics delivery. The aim of this review is to summarize the earlier and currently available literature on how effective exosome therapy is and its possible role for showing its mechanism of action when it deals with the common dermatological conditions. We therefore attempt to emphasize the novel role of exosomes in targeting autoimmune skin diseases and their potential to be used for clinical applications.
Exosomes, Extracellular Vesicles, Autoimmune Diseases, Skin
Reyhaneh Yarmohammadi Reyhaneh Yarmohammadi
Autoimmune Syndrome Induced by Adjuvants and Breast ImplantAssociated Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma: An Analysis
The Adjuvant-Induced Autoimmune/Inflammatory Syndrome is caused by humoral mediators that lead to capsular contracture and fibrosis by the oxidation that occurs in the silicone. Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma occurs through the development of a seroma, with the formation of periprosthetic effusion or by an infiltration of the pathology itself, causing a tumoral growth inside and outside the capsule. The development of lymphoma occurs through the formation of a subclinical biofilm, capsular contracture, recurrent trauma, genetic predisposition or autoimmune etiology. To analyze these affections, a literature review was carried out on the symptomatology and pathophysiology of the Adjuvant-Induced Autoimmune/Inflammatory Syndrome and Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma, which was searched using the terms “ASIA breast silicone” “Lymphoma” “Adjuvants” “Immunologic” “Breast Implants” in the platform PubMed. Analyzing the data obtained, it was noted that the symptoms of Adjuvant-Induced Autoimmune/Inflammatory Syndrome are nonspecific, such as fatigue, neurasthenia, myalgia, arthralgia, morning stiffness and night sweats, and, therefore, need attention. On the other hand, Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma presents with breast pain, periprosthetic effusion, palpable mass, among others. In view of these aspects, it is concluded that a good investigation must be carried out when nonspecific symptoms appear, regardless of the time the surgery was performed, since these complications can appear years after the surgery
Efficacy and Safety of Apple Cider Vinegar in the treatment ofMolluscum Contagiosum: a Randomized Placebo- Controlled Trial
ABSTRACT Introduction: Molluscum Contagiosum is a common pox viridae infection among children. Although the condition is benign and self-limiting, treatment is warranted to prevent spread through auto-inoculation or close physical contact. To date no single treatment modality has been proven effective. Apple Cider Vinegar may be an alternative therapeutic option which can be used at home that is non-painful and effective. Objectives: To determine the efficacy and safety of Apple Cider Vinegar in the treatment of Molluscum Contagiosum Methods: The study is a randomized controlled clinical trial that was conducted at the Department of Dermatology of Ospital ng Maynila Medical Center using two types of topical treatment. Fourteen patients aged 2 to 18 who were clinically diagnosed with Molluscum Contagiosum were randomly allocated using sealed paper to apply Apple Cider Vinegar (n=8) or placebo (n=6) on the lesions twice daily for 6 weeks. The patients were blinded to the treatment allocation. Clinical parameters of resolution where noted at weeks 2, 4 and 6. Results: Demographic characteristics showed no statistical difference (p > 0.05). The comparison of apple cider vinegar with the control group did not give any significant difference in resolution of lesions between the two groups at any time point. Erythema was noted by the experimental group which was statistically significant (p = 0.04) Discussion: Apple cider showed promising results when half of the patients in the group showed inflammatory changes, with some of the lesions disappearing by the 4th and 6th week of administration. However, there was no statistical difference in the resolution of the lesions when compared to the placebo group,
Toxidermia Secondary to Anti-Tubercular Therapy: A Cross Sectional Study
Introduction: Tuberculosis (TB) is a major global public health problem and leading cause of death among communicable diseases in India. Anti tubercular therapy (ATT) is associated with various adverse drug reactions including diverse presentation of cutaneous adverse drug reactions (CADRs) also known as toxidermia, ranging from mild to life threatening sequelae. Re challenge remains the only option to restart the therapy safely with other primary ATT drugs. Objectives: To study the epidemiological profile, various CADRs, histopathological features, identify the offending drug and reinstitution of safe ATT. Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted at tertiary care centre. Patients who were diagnosed with tuberculosis of any type and on ATT with CADRs were included in the study. Data collection included demographic characteristics, type of TB, ATT regimen, pattern of drug rash, offending drugs, histopathological features, laboratory parameters and reinstitution of ATT after re challenge. tubercular drugs in 2(25%) patients. Results: Among 32 adult patients, male to female ratio was 1:1.3 and mean age was 45 years. Clinical diagnosis of CADRs was confirmed histopathologically. The most common type of TB observed was Pulmonary, (n= 21, 65.6%) followed by extra pulmonary (n=11, 34.4%). Among 32 cases of CADRs, Maculopapular rash was the most common 15(46.87%) type of cutaneous eruptions followed by lichenoid drug rash in 6(18.75%), urticarial in 5(15.63%), 4(12.5%) had generalised xerosis and 2(6.25%) had severe CADRs in the form of erythema multiforme1(3.15%) and DRESS syndrome1(3.15%). Patients with milder forms of CADRs were continued ATT with concomitant topical treatment for cutaneous lesions. Re-challenging was performed as per the institution’s protocol in 8 patient who gave consent. Ethambutol was the most common 6(75%) offending drug followed by other first line anti Conclusion: CADRs to ATT is like a poisoned chalice, as stopping ATT and treating CADRs with systemic steroids can aggravate underlying TB. Re challenge with ATT will help in sniffing out the culprit drug and reintroduction of safer alternative regimen.
Tuberculosis, Anti-Tubercular Therapy (ATT), Cutaneous Adverse Drug Reactions (CADRs), Drug Rash, Drug Re-Challenge
Elconyxis Induced by Isotretinoin: Myth or Reality?
Elconyxia is a rare nail disorder reported in the literature, associated with conditions such as peritonitis, psoriasis, syphilis, reactive arthritis, trauma, or retinoid use. Elconyxia due to isotretinoin or oral retinoids is an uncommon, dose-dependent entity that includes onychoschizia, transverse leukonychia, onychorrhexis, pyogenic granuloma, onychocryptosis, median canaliform dystrophy (Heller’s dystrophy), and paronychia with onychoschizia being the most common clinical manifestation. These signs are not seen with topical retinoids. Nail plate changes typically begin 3 to 4 months after starting the drug, may affect one or all nails, and are potentially reversible once the medication is discontinued. We report a new case in the literature of a male patient with elconyxia secondary to oral retinoids, with full symptom reversal after completing treatment.
Elconyxia, Onychoschizia, Isotretinoin, Reversible
Diez De Medina Duran Juan Carlos Juan Carlos
An Unusual Case of Mixed Superficial and Adenoid Basal CellCarcinoma in a 57-year-old Filipino Female
ABSTRACT Introduction: Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most common cutaneous malignancy worldwide often occurring in sun-exposed areas. While the nodular variant accounts for the majority of cases, the adenoid type is extremely rare, comprising about 1.3% of all BCCs. Contrary to the typical presentation of BCC, adenoid BCC features a large sized lesion and a tendency to involve non-sun exposed areas such as the trunk. This case study presents a unique form of mixed superficial and adenoid BCC in a 57-year-old Filipino female. Case Report: A 57-year-old female presented with a 2-year history of a slowly enlarging bluish-black plaque with rolled borders on the left flank with noted bleeding, pain, and pruritus. Dermoscopy revealed arborizing vessels, leaf-like structures, blue gray globules, and white streaks, consistent with BCC. Histopathology showed a diagnosis of a superficial and adenoid type of BCC. Conclusion: Encounters with unusual forms of cutaneous carcinoma may arise in dermatologic practice. Dermoscopy serves as a powerful tool in identifying suspicious lesions and a pre-operative biopsy is done to correlate with the clinical diagnosis. Hence, the dermatologist will be able to decide the appropriate treatment option based on the clinical presentation and histopathologic type.
Copyright (c) 2023 Journal of Dermatology Research Reviews & Reports
Accelerated Immediate Results in the Treatment of an Extensive Facial Burn in an Infant Using a Medical Device II: Carbohydrate Polymer with Zinc Oxide (C.P.Z.O.) - Case Report
Burn injuries in children are common and can be life-threatening in complicated cases; however, there is a lack of published literature addressing these accidents in detail. This study demonstrated that the use of a Type II medical device with wound healing properties—a carbohydrate polymer with zinc oxide—was effective in the recovery of extensive facial burns of grades 2 and 3.
Burn Injuries, Pediatric Facial Burns, Wounds, Reepithelization, Scars