Evaluating Nursing Knowledge and Management in PediatricHemodialysis: A Study of Qsunt Pediatric Nephrology Department

Abstract

Hemodialysis requires specialized care and advanced nursing knowledge to ensure safe treatment for patients with end-stage renal disease. Competent nurses, who apply evidence-based practices, play a key role in technical management and infection prevention. Globally, hemodialysis is among the most common therapies for chronic kidney disease, and nursing care strongly influences patient outcomes and safety. In Albania, limited studies have assessed dialysis care. This study investigated the knowledge, practices, and challenges of hemodialysis nursing at QSUT Hospital.

A cross-sectional observational design was applied with 30 nurses in the Hemodialysis Unit. Data collection combined structured questionnaires with direct observation of practice. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize demographic characteristics, professional practices, and adherence to infectioncontrol protocols.

Results showed full compliance (100%) with technical procedures such as equipment preparation, patient assessment, and monitoring during hemodialysis. However, adherence to infection-prevention measures was inconsistent. Glove use was high (>90%), but compliance with wearing aprons (23%) and face shields (20–23%) was low. Hand hygiene was strong before procedures (80%) but decreased after completion (33%). More experienced nurses demonstrated higher adherence to safety protocols.

The findings highlight strong technical competence among nurses but significant gaps in infection-control practices. Reinforcement of protective equipment use, consistent hand hygiene, and continuous professional development are essential to align with WHO and CDC standards. Strengthening infectioncontrol policies and ensuring adequate resources will further improve patient safety and quality of dialysis care.