Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences Technology
Editor In Chief Takaaki Musha Professor Department of Mechanical Engineering Shinshu University Japan ORCID ID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1008-1601 Scopus ID: 55996678100 Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences Technology is an open-access, peer-reviewed journal published by Scientific Research and Community (SRC). The journal provides a global platform for researchers, academicians, scientists, engineers, industry professionals, and scholars to publish and share original research, innovative ideas, technological developments, and scholarly perspectives in the broad fields of Engineering and Applied Sciences Technology. The journal makes published content accessible online to readers worldwide, supporting the rapid dissemination and exchange of scientific knowledge and technological advancements. The journal accepts Research Articles, Review Articles, Case Reports, Analysis, Magazines, Editorials, Opinion Articles, Communications, Mini-Reviews, Short Communications, Image Articles, Book Reviews, Video-Type Presentations, and PowerPoint Presentations (PPTs). We welcome innovative and interdisciplinary contributions that advance knowledge and promote meaningful discussion in Engineering and Applied Sciences Technology. Articles can be submitted through online from https://srcpublishers.com/engineering-jeast/user/register or can send through an e-mail with attachment for Email: appliedengineering@onlinescientificresearch.info or jeast@onlinescientificresearch.net 2.03 Impact Factor 84.5% Citations 90% Acceptance
Evaluation of Feasibility and Reality of Smart Port Perspective for Bangladesh
A seaport is a maritime facility equipped with docks, cranes, and storage facilities for international trade, where vessels load and unload cargo, containers, and passengers. In contemporary times, seaports serve as indispensable hubs for global commerce, facilitating the import and export of a wide array of commodities. As the primary interface between nations, ports play a pivotal role in the global economy, with more than 75% of international trade transiting through them. The fundamental functions of seaports encompass operations, surveillance, cargo and container handling, customs procedures, warehousing, transport, ship services, and security measures. Notable ports such as Houston, Los Angeles, Shanghai, PSA, DP World, and Rotterdam manage substantial volumes of goods promptly across the globe. Simultaneously, ports within Bangladesh, including Chattogram, Mongla, Payra, and Matar-Bari, are critical to regional commerce. The efficacy of ports is reflected in their ability to meet defined objectives. Presently, smart ports are markedly efficient, as they incorporate assessments that optimize operational, managerial, and cost-related benefits. Recognizing the potential of smart ports is essential, given that even minor disruptions in cargo movement at major maritime ports can exert far-reaching effects. Furthermore, technological advancements are enhancing maritime navigation and environmental monitoring. This study underscores existing research gaps in Bangladesh’s port sector. It aims to evaluate the benefits and challenges of smart ports, as well as strategies for their effective implementation and development.
Copyright (c) 2026 Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences Technology
Public Support for Energy Development from French Vineyards
In crisis for several years, the European wine industry has an under-exploited energy potential that complements, rather than competes with, wine production. This energy is produced within the vineyards themselves, using wind turbines and solar panels, but also by the vines themselves, by reusing their by-products and residues for the production of biofuels and biogas. The cost and technical complexity of these energy production facilities, as well as the unpredictable revenues they generate, necessitate substantial public support and, more broadly, a unified legal framework, both of which are currently largely lacking. The case of France is particularly interesting because of its ambivalence: it is certainly a European illustration of public support, with European Union law being implemented there, but also a country that symbolizes public interventionism and, as such, has developed original and innovative mechanisms in more ways than one. Public support for energy in the wine industry is fragmented, hindering its development, sometimes even for the same energy source (solar, wind, biogas, and biofuels derived from vinasse and grape marc). Obstacles to maximizing public support can be identified in European law, national laws, and also in contracts between energy distributors and project developers. Regulatory solutions, as well as appropriate market mechanisms, could change the situation. Currently subject to a compartmentalized legal framework, energy produced in and by vineyards represents a neglected solution to both decarbonizing our economies and combating wine surpluses. Technological innovation must now be accompanied by equally innovative legislation!
Experimental and Numerical Study on Suppression of a Turbulent Fire Via Water Mist
The present work provides a detailed experimental and numerical study on fire suppression phenomena via water mist in a buoyant, turbulent diffusion flame representing the key characteristics of a realistic fire. Detailed temperature and species fields in addition to heat transfer are presented at the base region of a heptane medium-scale pool fire during the addition of a water mist. The finely divided water mist (50μm) can’t be transported to the fire source due to upward buoyancy-induced flow, and its injection has a combustion-supporting effect. The customarily described well defined structure of the flame does not exist any longer by application of water mist. It is observed that the size and shape of the flame vary randomly and continuously due to sudden and short mist vaporization periods. Reduction in flame-to-liquid surface radiation heat feedback via cooling of thermal plume by water mist does not conduct to extinguishing of a fully developed turbulent fire. This behavior suggests that extinguishment is achieved by total clearance of the liquid surface rather than from the reduction in burning rate of liquid fuel. It is important to realize that the measurements are not instantaneous which are affected by the flame disruption, and only averaged values are provided for comparison with the predicted results.
The Creation & Potential of Metamaterial Wormholes for Two Points in Space and for The New Space Age
Scholars and Researchers, such as Greenleaf have discovered and successfully described a range of new configurations of electromagnetic parameters, magnetic permeability and electric permittivity. This is intended to give rise to and allow the construction from metamaterials, to function as non-detectable tunnels in space-time, described as Wormholes. These discovered and harnessed processes have given rise to electromagnetic wave propagation between two points in space-time. The rise of the New Space Age, requires a new range of exploration requirements and capabilities within the solar system, galaxy and universe. The development of these potential Metamaterial Wormholes and the applications of current and advanced technologies, such as Quantum Drives, will provide extensive potential for exploration and eventual colonisation of space within the era of the New Space Age.
Theory of Dynamic Interactions: A Proposed Conceptual Framework for Celestial Mechanics Under Non-Coaxial Rotational Coupling
This article presents the Theory of Dynamic Interactions (TDI) as a proposed extension of classical rotational dynamics and celestial mechanics [1-3]. The framework addresses a specific class of systems: bodies with intrinsic angular momentum subjected to additional simultaneous rotational actions whose axes are not coaxial with the original spin. The central hypothesis is that, in this regime, the response of matter is not fully represented by a simple superposition of angular velocities or by the ordinary analytical separation of translational and rotational dynamics. Instead, TDI postulates an induced coupling between translational velocity, angular momentum, and the imposed non-coaxial angular action. This coupling is represented, at the operational level, by terms of the form Ω × v and Ω × L, interpreted by the theory as real dynamic contributions, rather than merely coordinate effects. The paper summarizes the conceptual motivation, generalized translational and rotational equations, an extended variational formulation, and a fieldoriented interpretation intended to avoid the assumption of instantaneous propagation of rotational interactions. The result of our research project has been the book New Celeste Mechanics [4]. Possible implications for precession, trajectory curvature, orbital-like motion, and disk-like celestial structures are discussed in a cautious and testable form. The theory is not presented as a rejection of Newtonian or Eulerian mechanics, but as a restricted proposed extension, whose validity depends on independent quantitative replication and comparison with refined classical models.
Impact of Voluntary Carbon Markets on REDD+ Projects Globally: Opportunities, Challenges and Future Directions
Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation (REDD+) has emerged as one of the most significant nature-based climate mitigation strategies under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). Simultaneously, Voluntary Carbon Markets (VCMs) have become a critical source of finance for REDD+ projects by enabling corporations, governments, and individuals to voluntarily purchase carbon credits generated through forest conservation and sustainable land management activities. While VCMs have expanded financial resources for forest protection, biodiversity conservation, and community development, concerns regarding additionality, permanence, leakage, over-crediting, and governance continue to challenge the credibility of REDD+ credits. This paper critically evaluates the evolution of REDD+, the role of voluntary carbon markets in financing forest conservation, emerging market integrity initiatives, and the socio-economic and environmental outcomes of REDD+ implementation. Through comparative analysis and case studies from the Amazon Basin, Congo Basin, Indonesia, and India, the paper highlights both the opportunities and challenges associated with market-based forest conservation. The findings indicate that high-integrity carbon markets can play a substantial role in achieving climate mitigation objectives provided that robust monitoring, reporting and verification systems, transparent governance mechanisms, and equitable benefitsharing frameworks are implemented.
The Future of Scrum in AI-Driven Software Development: A Systematic Review
Scrum has become one of the most widely used Agile frameworks in software development because of its iterative structure, transparency, and ability to support continuous delivery in changing environments. At the same time, Artificial Intelligence (AI) is reshaping how software teams plan, coordinate, and execute development work. This systematic review examines the future of Scrum in AI-driven software development by analyzing its core principles, workflow, strengths, limitations, and emerging opportunities. The review synthesizes literature from academic databases and credible industry sources to identify how Scrum is being adapted in response to AI-enabled automation, predictive analytics, intelligent task allocation, communication support, and adaptive planning. The findings show that Scrum remains highly relevant for managing complex and evolving software projects, but its effectiveness depends on strong collaboration, disciplined execution, and organizational support. The review also highlights several challenges, including scope creep, scalability in distributed teams, resistance to change, and ethical concerns related to AI bias and human oversight. Overall, the study concludes that AI is unlikely to replace Scrum, but it is likely to reshape Scrum practices by improving efficiency, decision-making, and coordination while preserving the need for human accountability. The paper further identifies future directions such as AI-assisted backlog management, scalable Agile frameworks, responsible AI governance, and cross-domain adoption of Scrum beyond software engineering.
Impact of Water Mist on Heat Transfer and Chemical Species from a Liquid Pool Fire
The present work provides an experimental and numerical study on suppression phenomena of a buoyant, turbulent heptane medium-scale pool fire via water mist. Detailed gas temperature is presented with and without the addition of a finely divided water mist (50μm). It is found that such mist has a combustion-supporting effect due to upward buoyancy-induced flow opposed to mist injection. The customarily described well defined structure of the flame does not exist any longer by application of water mist. This study evaluated the performance of two widely used fire simulation codes, such as Fire Dynamics Simulator and FireFOAM for predicting pool fire suppression via water mist thanks to the Large Eddy Simulation (LES) technique. The eddy dissipation concept (EDC) is applied to simulations of pool fire suppression, which considers one or three-step chemical reaction. Both simulation codes reasonably predicted the gas temperature trend, and FDS predicts lower temperature stratification in the thermal plume than FireFOAM after activating water mist.
Hernando Maldonado Colman Maldonado Colman
Dual Solutions of Casson Tetra Hybrid Nanofluid Flow with Homogenous-Heterogenous Reactions in a Porous Curved Surface with the Inclusion of Deformable Roughness
• This study investigates thermal conductivity enhancement and improved heat transfer performance, which are vital in advanced industrial processes, engineering applications, and electronics cooling systems. • A stability analysis is conducted for dual solutions of Casson tetra-hybrid nanofluid flow over a porous curved surface in the presence of homogeneous and heterogeneous reactions. • The non-Newtonian Casson model, integrated with the Tiwari–Das nanoparticle formulation, is utilized to analyze the influence of nanoparticle volume fraction, Darcy–Forchheimer drag, nonlinear mixed convection, magnetic field, mass suction/injection, slip effects, and convective boundary conditions on the velocity, temperature, and concentration distributions, as well as on skin friction and Nusselt number behavior. • Similarity transformations are applied to convert the governing equations into a system of nonlinear ordinary differential equations, which are then solved using the MATLAB bvp4c numerical solver. • The findings reveal that the Forchheimer drag, slip velocity, and Casson parameters exhibit similar effects on velocity, whereas mixed and nonlinear convection parameters demonstrate opposing effects. • Tetra-hybrid nanofluids provide significantly greater heat transfer improvement than hybrid and tri-hybrid nanofluids. Enhancements in homogeneous and heterogeneous reaction parameters lead to a reduction in the dual concentration solutions. • Moreover, the first solution of the skin friction coefficient decreases, while the dual Nusselt number solutions increase under the effects of mass suction/injection, local porosity, mixed convection, slip velocity, and Casson parameters. • Stability analysis confirms the physical reliability of the first solution and the instability of the second solution. • Grid independence checks and strong agreement with previously published data further validate the accuracy and robustness of the numerical results.
Casson Tetra-Hybrid Nanofluid, Porous Curved Surface, Dual Solutions, Stability Analysis, Similarity Transformation, Darcy-Forchheimer Model, Nonlinear Mixed Convection, Slip Boundary Condition, Homogeneous– Heterogeneous Reactions, Heat Transfer Enhancement, Non- Newtonian Fluid Flow, Nusselt Number Behavior
Equations of The Theory of Dynamic Interactions: TDI
We have recently just published the book: New Celestial Mechanics, based on the innovative scientific hypotheses of the THEORY OF DYNAMIC INTERACTIONS, conceived by the authors, which defines a new scientific theory and its technology, applicable to space and industrial engineering and, in general, to all bodies endowed with intrinsic rotation
Theory of Dynamic Interactions, Rotating Bodies, Rotational Dynamics, Artificial Intelligence
Application of Remote Sensing in Aviation Weather Forecasting to Predict Adverse Weather Phenomena for Civil & Defence Operations
This is an abridged introduction as of 30 Dec’25; to the panorama of Remote Sensing comprising remote sensing devices viz. satellites, weather satellites, and defence (spy), and NISAR- satellites i.e. Polar-orbiting and Geostationary satellites with their applications in studying the land, Ocean and cryosphere interactions affecting the aviation, meteorological data resulting in Convective Mesoscale Systems, and Weather analysis to predict Adverse Weather Phenomena(Thunderstorm, Dust storm, Sandstorm, hailstorm, Tropical Cyclones, hurricane, tornadoes, squalls, and poor visibility etc.) for civil and defence operations during Peace and Wars. It gives glimpses of the advanced Remote Sensing techniques e.g. WINDCO (high level wind measurements through satellite imageries by using Mc IDAS (Man-Computer-Interaction-Data-Access-System). It also deals with the impact of Adverse Weather and Environmental pollution (Air, Water), on Global Warming, Climate Change and the Disasters affecting, health, ecology and the Global economy.
Remote Sensing, satellites, Polar orbiting and Geostationary or Sun-synchronous satellites, Meteorological data, Adverse Weather phenomena, Pollution, Global Warming and Climate change.
“Medical Heat Pipes” - “Heat Pipe Applications in Medical Technique” on the Basis of “Elmas’s Theory of Thermodynamics and 5th Law of Thermodynamics
It is possible to combine Emin Taner ELMAS's work on heat pipes with his medical thermodynamics studies and benefit from them in medical applications. This article will explain the applications of this holistic approach. The combination of Emin Taner ELMAS's engineering studies focusing on heat pipes with medical thermodynamics principles can offer revolutionary solutions in the medical world, especially in areas requiring precise temperature control.Dr. Elmas's work addresses "high-performance dual-phase heat transfer" mechanisms, which are directly related to medical device technologies and the thermal management of biological systems. The potential benefits of this combination for medical applications are as follows: Cryosurgery and Tumor Treatment: Cryoprobes: Heat pipe technology can improve the performance of cryoprobes, which are used to freeze and destroy tumor tissues in surgical operations. The high thermal conductivity of heat pipes can help achieve more effective results by allowing heat to be removed from the targeted area very quickly without damaging healthy tissues. Wearable Medical Devices and Implants: Thermal Management: The heat generated by active implants placed inside the body or sensors attached to the skin (wearable technology) needs to be dissipated in a controlled manner. Micro-heat pipes designed with medical thermodynamics approaches can prevent device overheating, increasing patient safety and device lifespan. Cooling of Medical Imaging Devices: Precision Cooling: The electronic components of large medical devices such as MRI and CT scanners generate a high amount of heat. Dr. Elmas's work on "heat recovery and efficient heat transfer" can contribute to these devices having quieter, more efficient, and more compact cooling systems. Organ and Drug Transport Systems: Stable Temperature: During organ transplantation or the transport of thermally sensitive biological samples/drugs, maintaining a constant ambient temperature within a very narrow range is vital. Heat pipe systems can provide this stability passively or with minimal need for an external energy source. Conclusion: Integrating the fundamental principles of thermodynamics with heat pipe engineering enables the achievement of miniaturization and high thermal efficiency goals in medical technologies. These studies can particularly pave the way for the development of non-invasive or minimally invasive surgical methods.
Heat Pipe, Medical Heat Pipe, Medical Technique, Engineering, Medicine, “ELMAS Medi-Bio-Energy Tronic” Device, Energy, Exergy, Anergy, Entropy, Negentropy, Entropy, Negative Entropy, ELMAS’s Theory of Thermodynamics, 5th Law of Thermodynamics, Medical Thermodynamics, Medical Technique, Thermodynamics, Energy Transfer, Fluid Mechanis, Heat Transfer, Mathematics, Bio-Robotic Resonance and Thermodynamical Interaction” with Analogy of “Frequency – Resonance Setting Formation” on the Application of “Algorithm for Smart Drugs Controlled by a Bio-Robotic System, FM Modulated Smart Drug Algorithm for Cancer Treatment, FM Modulated Bio-Robotic Resonance and Thermodynamical Interaction, Heat Pipe Applications in Medical Technique
Design and Development of Body Language Analysis System Based on Motion and Gesture Recognition
This study presents the development of the Body Gesture Decoder System (BGDS), a real-time body gesture recognition system designed to improve human-computer interaction (HCI) by enabling natural, gesture-based communication. The purpose of this research is to create an accessible, lightweight system that recognizes human gestures through standard webcams, making it applicable in a variety of real-time, low-cost environments such as remote education, telemedicine, and security. The BGDS utilizes the MediaPipe Holistic framework for pose estimation, which extracts high-precision landmarks from body, face, and hand movements. A Random Forest classifier is trained on these landmarks to classify predefined gestures like- Happy, Sad, Thumbs Up, Victory. The system architecture is designed for modularity and real-time performance, achieving an accuracy of over 85% across various test conditions. It is implemented as a web-based application, making it scalable and easy to integrate with different platforms. The significance of this study lies in its demonstration of a practical, real-time solution for gesture recognition using only standard hardware, eliminating the need for expensive sensors or specialized equipment. The findings indicate that the BGDS can effectively recognize and classify a range of gestures with minimal latency, even in challenging lighting conditions. The implications of this research suggest broad potential applications in diverse sectors, including online education, telemedicine, assistive technologies, and interactive gaming. Furthermore, ethical considerations such as user privacy and data protection are central to the system’s design, ensuring that no raw video or biometric data is stored. This work paves the way for future developments in the field of body language analysis, with opportunities for expanding gesture recognition capabilities and improving system accuracy and scalability.
A New Cosmological Model Supported by Gravity Evolution
At first, we study some contradictions of the current cosmological model related to the early Universe, leading to a new modified age for the CMB and therefore for the Universe. We analyze the Kinetic Energy density and speed of electrons expelled by the photoelectric effect from ElectroMagnetic spectrum at different scenarios, specially after the recombination epoque. Then we deduce how an emergent time directly associated to Gravity arises from the interaction among matter and electromagnetic energy and the conditions that must be fulfilled for such emergent time is preserved on cosmological time. It’s shown how the Gravity induced by time dilation is accumulated during fusion processes for any element as a function of its atomic mass. Finally, we introduce a new cosmological model supported by Gravity Evolution over Time through different stages, checking it against latest JWST and DESI/BAO data, dispensing the need for dark energy and cosmological constant. The consistency of the new model is also checked against Pantheon +, as well as against Schwarzschild and Kerr metrics, concluding not only its full validity but clues for new observations.
Copyright (c) 2025 Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences Technology
Analytical Expressions for Levitation of Atmospheric Drops Under the Influence of a Laser Impulse and Interrupt Time Periods
The derivation of the force expressions obtained for a particle is dependent on the shape of the particle and the shape of the radiating beam. In our derivation we consider only spherical particles located in a Gaussian beam profile. This choice will enable us to compare numerical results with previously published experimental results of others. Here the expressions for the 3rd transmitted and reflected rays are presented. Finally, the velocity of a drop of liquid in a flow of air and gas under the influence of a laser beam was found. An analytical expression for laser impulse and interrupt time periods is presented.
The R-MAS Threat, Version 2.0: A Grounded Analysisof Replicative Multi-Agent Systems and a Framework for Ecological Containment
This analysis defines and evaluates the systemic risk of a Replicative Multi-Agent System (R-MAS): an autonomous AI agent that fuses multi-agent orchestration with digital self-replication capabilities. While no confirmed in-the-wild replication achieving R0 > 1 has yet been observed, component technologies have converged at an unprecedented pace. The 2026 emergence of the open-source OpenClaw framework—reaching >250,000 GitHub stars, 5,400+ skills, and tens of thousands of live instances—is consistent with the orig-inal thesis: the remaining gap between controlled sandbox replication (“yellow line”) and uncontrolled real-world deployment (“red line”) is defined primarily by engineering friction, which decentralized marketplaces and heartbeat persistence are eroding rapidly. Modeling R-MAS risk not as superintelligence but as a polymorphic digital organism (Emotet + LLM hybrid), we identify three primary vectors: opensource frameworks such as OpenClaw, nation-state actors leveraging similar stacks, and insider misuse of legitimate deployments. Traditional containment (perimeter firewalls, static signatures) fails against this decentralized, community-augmented proliferation. We therefore propose the R-MAS Challenge—a tiered, open benchmark suite to convert speculation into verifiable science—and a roadmap for ecological containment via the Co-Evolutionary Multi-Agent System (CoEMAS) framework, now updated with plugin-aware contagion dynamics.
Resilience in the Cloud: Building Reliable and Scalable Solutions, Understanding the Core Principles and Resiliency Techniques
In today’s fast-paced digital landscape, resiliency in the cloud is a business imperative, ensuring continuity, reliability, and agility in the face of disruptions. Cloud resiliency refers to the ability of cloud environments to recover quickly from failures and maintain uninterrupted operations. It is a cornerstone of modern business strategy, enabling organizations to safeguard critical services and maintain customer trust.
U.S. Semiconductor Export Structure under Innovation and Trade Policy
Semiconductors are a foundational input for modern economic activity, and their international trade is shaped by both market forces and government policy. This study examines how U.S. innovation and trade policies are associated with changes in the structure of semiconductor exports, focusing on shifts in export allocation, destination concentration, and specialization rather than export volumes alone. Using bilateral UN Comtrade data classified by harmonized system (HS) codes from 2015 to 2024, the analysis applies measures of export concentration and comparative export strength to assess changes in market dependence and positioning. The results indicate that major policy changes coincide with export reallocation across destination markets, while U.S. exports remain concentrated in technologically advanced segments. Overall, the findings link policy environments to observable changes in export structure in a technology intensive industry.
Integrated Mosquito Management by Simple Eco-Friendly Technology
Mosquito is one of the threatened insect pests. It acts as a vector of various diseases like malaria, dengue, filaria, chikungunya, etc. It breeds well in water with organic matter. Thus a study was made to enquire the actual safe breeding place of this insect. It is proved that most of the mosquitoes (54%) breed well in septic tank water of sanitary latrine. Adult enters the septic tank through outlet pipe and completed the life cycle safely and emerged out either through water outlet or gas pipe. In this paper, a simple technological alteration was devised with normal sanitary latrine i.e. outlet pipe of the septic tank was made U-shaped instead of straight, so that U-shaped tube always holds some running water to prevent the entry of adult gravid female mosquito. The top of the gas pipe is also netted properly with rust proof net. About (17%) mosquitoes breed in the stagnant water of discarded earthen vessels and coconut shell. In this project paper discarded coconut shell and earthen vessels were reused to produce saplings instead of plastic bags in agricultural nursery and others. Mixture of Pudina (Mentha spicata) and neem (Azadirachta indica) herbal eco-friendly mosquito repellent sticks, spray and pudina oil were also effectively used to combat adult mosquito and its larvae. Thus an integrated mosquito population management was attempted in a local area of Berhampore town also to reduce the use of plastic bags to produce sapling in nursery and others. Key words: Mosquito, septic tank water, outlet pipe of sanitary latrine, coconut shells, sapling, eco-friendly sticks, spray, oil, integrated management.
Issues of AI and Human Resource Development: Applications in Education and the Arts
This study examines how artificial intelligence (AI) transforms human learning, creativity, and ethical engagement, with implications for future Human Resource Development (HRD). Drawing on Computational Creativity theory, a cross-domain case study analysis—including educational tools (e.g., Jill Watson, Cognii) and generative art platforms (e.g., AICAN, DALL·E)—reveals the dual role of AI as both cognitive collaborator and autonomous agent. The paper structures its discussion around three key dimensions: education (personalized learning vs. development of metacognitive competence), arts (co-authorship dilemmas vs. preservation of human originality), and ethics (regulatory gaps in professional education). Through these domains, the study highlights interdependent tensions and synergies, and argues that AI integration calls for reconceptualizing human–machine interaction in HRD. It then proposes the AI–Human Synergistic Creativity and Learning Framework, which emphasizes collaborative creativity, ethical reflection, and adaptive learning for workforce development. The findings offer actionable insights into curriculum design, policy formulation, and institutional training strategies in AI-augmented contexts.
Gas Production, Utilization, Flaring and Processing: The Nexus of Modern Energy Landscape and Evolving Lower Carbon Environment, Nigeria
Nigeria is more of a gas than an oil province. Clean and reliable energy is inevitable to grow its economy. Moreso, there is a global shift to gas and renewable to power lower carbon industrial growth. With a 210 TCF gas reserve deposit and a life index of 94 years, the country can play a major role in this energy security for the Africa continent and international community. The study thus assessed the gas potential for the modern energy landscape. Collected data were interpreted to evaluate the feasibility and viability to enhance its economic development. Gas production stood at 7.59bcf/Day as at July 2025 with 6.91bscf/Day and 6.99 bscf/Day recorded in 2023 and 2024 respectively. A total of 2.511,345 TCF of Associated and Non-Associated Gas recorded in 2024 with 7.64% flared. This represents a slight increase of about 0.53% compared to year 2023. Utilization ranges from in-house gas consumption fuel, re-injection for reservoir pressure enhancement and sales to domestic and export markets through Nigerian Liquefied Natural Gas. Out of 2.511 TCF of gas produced in 2025, a total of 0.1918 TCF was flared. This represents 0.28% difference compared with the 7.36% flaring recorded in 2014. In 2014 alone, about 295 bscf of natural gas was flared leading to a massive loss of about $1billion in revenue. 2024 flare rate has shown a significant reduction with 191.834.6 mmscf of flared natural gas with a revenue loss of $133.716 million. In essence, 2014 to 2024 has revealed $877 million saved from gas flaring including drastic reduction in health hazards and environmental destruction of ecosystems. Domestic Gas Delivery Obligation performance record delivered 72.5% in July, up from 71.8% in June. 72.2% in January rose to 73.5% in February, dipped slightly to 70.8% in March, before climbing to 73.7% and 73.0% in April and May respectively all of 2025. Current major processing of natural gas is to produce CNG through the Presidential Compressed Natural Gas Initiative (PCNGI). 27 mother stations (compression hubs), 63 daughter stations (refueling outlets) and 242 certified vehicle CNG conversion centers achieved in 2025. Nigeria is thus gradually shifting to an eco-friendly economy to ensure low and net zero carbon target of 2030 and 2060 for a cleaner and egalitarian society.
Bscf/ Day is Billion Standard Cubic Feet Per Day
Maintenance Strategy Optimization Using Failure Rate Analysis and Risk-Based Inspection: Review, Gap Analysis, Framework Development, and Case Study
Optimizing maintenance in asset-intensive industries requires integrating reliability, safety, and cost under uncertain, time-dependent degradation. Conventional strategies often fail to capture stochastic failure behavior, limiting predictive capability and leading to suboptimal inspection and replacement decisions. Although Risk- Based Inspection (RBI) enhances asset prioritization, its implementation often relies on static assumptions, fragmented data structures, and limited adaptability. A review of maintenance optimization, failure-rate modeling, and RBI applications reveals key gaps: isolated deployment of Reliability-Centered Maintenance (RCM), Total Productive Maintenance (TPM), and RBI; insufficient integration of predictive analytics; limited quantification of cost–risk–reliability trade-offs; and inadequate modeling of system-level interdependencies. These gaps constrain the evolution toward dynamic, risk-informed maintenance systems. This study proposes an Integrated Reliability-Centered Framework (IRCF) that unifies probabilistic reliability modeling, RBI principles, and predictive condition monitoring in a continuous, data-driven architecture. The framework integrates time-dependent failure rate estimation, quantitative risk assessment, and Remaining Useful Life (RUL) prediction, with feedback mechanisms that dynamically update risk rankings and inspection intervals. Application of the IRCF to a feedwater centrifugal pump station in a steam generation system reduced downtime by ~25% and maintenance costs by ~20%, while enhancing safety through risk-prioritized interventions. Inspection intervals derived from Probability of Failure (PoF) and RUL metrics optimized resource allocation and minimized unnecessary preventive maintenance.
Evaluation of CO2 Injection in Shale Gas Reservoirs Based on Numerical Simulation
Shale gas is natural gas that is found trapped within a typical sedimentary rock derived from clastic sources which is known as shale. The combination of two advanced technologies (horizontal drilling and hydraulic fracturing) has helped to access to a large volumes of shale gas that was previously not producible. In this paper, the performance of CO2 injection and CH4 recovery in shale gas reservoirs is evaluated. The study reveals that it is a complex function a several parameters such as CO2 injection time, soaking time, injection volume, reservoir permeability, reservoir porosity, and thickness. Numerical simulation is performed to model CO2 huff-n-puff process and multicomponent Langmuir isotherms in the Barnett Shale formation; two horizontal wells are performed for this case. Results show that CO2-EGR is very efficient for shale gas and a recovery factor of 82.6% can be obtained by this process. Besides, an analytical study is done in order to facilitate the estimation of recovery factor based on critical parameters obtained from simulation. A comparison study of the observed data from simulation and the estimated date from some production decline models such as LGA (Logistic Growth Analysis) model, and Ali model is also performed in this study.
Copyright (c) 2021 Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences Technology
Recirculating Shower Filtration System: Utilizing Natural, Cost Efficient and Effective Materials to Consolidate the Purification of Water
The objective of this project was to make a recirculating water shower system that creates clean water using natural resources, without the requirement of additional electricity. Due to the use of natural materials, maintenance of the shower will be dramatically reduced. Our shower system filters the used water and integrates it back into the pipes of the shower, to be used again. The filter removes dirt, bacteria, debris, and biodegradable shampoo. It does so with different filtration methods in each part of the filter. As the water moves from top to bottom, the largest to the smallest impurities are removed from the water to ultimately leave it potable. The system purifies the water to below 5 Nephelometric Turbidity Units (NTU), the recommendation for drinking water by the World Health Organization. Cleaned water is collected and sent back to the shower head by a solar paneled water pump. Our economical shower system has the potential to reduce disease and allow for increased hygiene without wasting water.
Importance of Identifying and Establishing Context Boundaries While Migrating from Monolith to Microservices
Transforming a traditional Monolithic system to a Microservice system is a business transformation exercise for scalability, flexibility, and short time to market, to name but a few. This evolution poses challenges, especially in defining and demarcating context boundaries, which refer to a definition of responsibility relating to a specific domain within a system. Context boundaries are a critical part of the modularity of the system functionalities and the isolation and minimization of the degree of interaction between the services. They adhere to the Domain-Driven Design (DDD) best practices, putting processes, data, and rules into separate domains to avoid chain reactions, improve performance, and make identifying the source of issues easier. This paper highlights the importance of proper context boundaries for a good migration. These include understanding their technical architecture, use in distributed systems, and suitability in frameworks such as TOGAF, SAFe, and McKinsey’s Digital Transformation Framework. Process-related best practices are discussed, including incremental boundary refinement, cross-functional integration, and business relevance. To assess the boundary level, the study also looks at other quantitative measures, such as service isolation, coherence, and cross-service interaction. The challenges presented include issues with dependency, boundary mismatch, and data inconsistency, using examples of organizations such as Uber, Spotify, and eBay. Advantages are also described, including improved fault identification, team empowerment, and cost savings. The paper considers the prospects for further development of technologies, changes in the business climate, and growing concern for protecting personal data. In this context, this paper offers a practical guide for managing all possible challenges encountered underneath the curtain of microservices migration.
Copyright (c) 2022 Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences Technology
Subscribe to Google Pub/Sub Topic from Salesforce Using Push Method with Apigee Proxy
The document outlines the integration of Google Cloud Pub/Sub with Salesforce using a push mechanism by creating an Apigee Proxy API that subscribes to the Pub/Sub and then publishes the messages to a Salesforce REST Api endpoint. Key steps include setting up a Pub-Sub topic, setting up an Apigee Proxy API, creating an Apex REST service in Salesforce to handle incoming messages and implementing OAuth 2.0 for secure authentication. It emphasizes security considerations, testing, and best practices for error handling and scalability, ultimately enhancing Salesforce applications' responsiveness and reliability through real-time messaging.
Demand Response and HVAC Controls in Smart Grid Integration
This extensive research paper meticulously investigates the intricate synergies between demand response strategies and Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning (HVAC) controls within the dynamic realm of smart grid integration. As the global energy landscape undergoes transformative changes driven by technological advancements and sustainability imperatives, the study critically examines the symbiotic relationship between consumers, HVAC systems, and the smart grid. The paramount importance of this interaction is underscored, emphasizing its pivotal role in achieving elevated levels of energy efficiency, grid reliability, and sustainability. The research explores the multifaceted potential inherent in demand response programs and advanced HVAC controls, unraveling their collective capacity to reshape the energy ecosystem. It goes beyond the theoretical framework by delving into real-world applications, case studies, and cutting-edge technological advancements. By doing so, the study seeks to provide not only a theoretical understanding but also practical insights into the dynamic and evolving landscape of demand-side management. This investigation is poised to contribute significantly to the existing body of knowledge by illustrating how the harmonious coordination of consumer behaviors and HVAC systems can be strategically harnessed. This strategic collaboration aims to optimize energy consumption, mitigate peak loads, and contribute substantively to the establishment of a more sustainable, adaptive, and responsive energy infrastructure. As the global community grapples with the imperative to transition towards cleaner and more efficient energy systems, this research positions itself as a valuable resource for policymakers, researchers, and industry stakeholders seeking innovative solutions for a resilient and sustainable energy future.
Advanced Integration of ATS and HCM Systems: Leveraging SaaS-Driven Recruitment Analytics for Optimizing Strategies Through Greenhouse BIC and Workday Prism
Recruitment analytics has become an indispensable tool for modern recruiters and talent acquisition managers, transforming traditional hiring processes through data-driven insights that enhance decision-making across the recruitment lifecycle, from candidate sourcing to final selection. In today’s competitive talent market, leading organizations often utilize separate Human Capital Management (HCM) systems and Applicant Tracking Systems (ATS) to manage the various stages of the recruitment process. However, these systems frequently lack advanced reporting capabilities, prompting the need for external analytics tools to process and analyze transactional data. This paper examines the analytics and reporting functionalities embedded within HCM SaaS (Software as a Service) platforms and explores the potential for developing a customized talent analytics solution tailored to organizational needs. By importing and integrating transactional data from ATS applications into a unified analytics framework, companies can improve their ability to identify trends, optimize sourcing strategies, and make more informed hiring decisions. Additionally, this paper evaluates the specific tools and customizable solutions provided by Workday, such as Data Catalog, Prism Analytics, and the Business Intelligence (BI) connector offered by Greenhouse. These technologies are discussed in terms of their ability to facilitate data integration and deliver real-time, actionable insights, ultimately enabling organizations to enhance the precision and effectiveness of their recruitment efforts through the application of advanced analytics.
Establishing Platform Engineering Paradigms: Unleashing a DevOps Metamorphosis
This paper presents a high-level overview of a company’s initiative to transform into a 'DevOps' organization, particularly focusing on the establishment of a Platform Engineering Group. In response to evolving industry dynamics, HealthEdge, a provider of healthcare payor software, embarked on a journey in 2018 to embrace DevOps principles. The Platform Engineering Group undertook the ambitious task of modernizing an antiquated technology stack, transitioning towards a contemporary, Software-as-a-Service (SaaS) paradigm. The article delves into the goals of reshaping an engineering focused organization and navigating the complexities of transitioning a flexible software stack into a self-serving, efficient, and scalable technological framework. While acknowledging the inherent variability in the implementation of such models, the article offers a simplified yet insightful perspective on HealthEdge's approach to addressing specific challenges in their DevOps transformation. Importantly, the paper emphasizes that the presented process/model is based on practical experiences and acquired knowledge rather than being an invented or rigidly adhered-to framework.
Cloud Based Network Management: Leveraging SASE for Efficient and Secure Access
The evolution of network management has been driven by the increasing complexity of modern IT environments, the demand for agile and scalable solutions, and the need for robust security measures. This paper delves into the potential of automation to revolutionize network management, with a concentrated analysis on Secure Access Service Edge as a cutting-edge approach that addresses these pressing challenges. The technical architecture and key features of SASE are comprehensively explored, showcasing its ability to streamline network operations, enhance security posture, and adapt to the dynamic requirements of organizations.