Mild Encephalopathy/Encephalitis with Reversible Splenial Lesionin a Patient with Salmonella Typhi Infection: A Case Report

Abstract

Introduction: Mild encephalopathy/encephalitis with the reversible splenial lesion is an uncommon complication of Salmonella infection. Awareness of these lesions is important as these are uncommon findings on MRI and carry an excellent prognosis.

Case Presentation: A previously healthy 17-year-old man was hospitalized for a 6-day history of fever and diarrhea. Physical examination of the patient showed fever. Laboratory investigations revealed elevated inflamatory markers, and two blood cultures revealed S.typhi. Three days later, the patient presented headaches and hallucinations. The MRI showed abnormal T2 hyperintensity in the splenium of corpus callosum showing restricted diffusion. There was no abnormal postcontrast enhancement of the lesion typical of MERS. The patient’s general condition and her laboratory test results, improved after receiving treatment with ceftriaxone and corticosteroids. He received antibiotics for two weeks.

Conclusion: Patients with typhoid fever should be closely monitored for the development of neurological complications. Timely intervention can show signs of MERS and reduce morbidity and mortality