Traumatic Brain Injury: A View from Anesthesiology

Abstract

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is one of the main causes of death and disability in children and young adults, with an increasing incidence in developing
countries, secondary to motor vehicle accidents. Many survivors, are left with significant sequelae, which translates into a significant socioeconomic burden. TBI frequently occurs in the context of polytrauma; therefore, anesthetic management of these patients is complex and requires a multidisciplinary approach. In particular, surgery and anesthesia can lead to secondary injury to the brain, thereby worsening prognosis. This review addresses the epidemiology, pathophysiology, and anesthetic management of adult patients with severe TBI.