Craniofacial Fasciitis Secondary to Odontogenic Infection

Abstract

Craniofacial Necrotizing Fasciitis is an extremely rare entity, whose most frequent location is the pelvis and thoracic limbs, and some cases have been reported in the abdomen. On the other hand, a very low incidence has been reported in the head and neck region, 5% of cases with Necrotizing Fasciitis are mentioned in the literature. The name of this disease is related to the area in which it occurs, when it is located in the face and cervical region it is called Cervicofacial. In the same way when it affects beyond the middle facial third and the scalp it is called Craniofacial. Due to the different anatomical locations, it is essential to perform computed tomography, to provide early diagnosis, management, and a better prognosis to the patient. Craniofacial Necrotizing Fasciitis etiology is diverse, two of the main associated factors are the immunosuppression and comorbidities, which make the patient more susceptible to a possible complication. Some of the Craniofacial Necrotizing Fasciitis complications are sepsis, hemodynamic disorders and death. The most frequent antimicrobial biota found in Craniofacial Necrotizing Fasciitis is anaerobic and includes Gram (+) and Gram (-) bacteria, consequently, it is necessary to provide prompt antimicrobial treatment and aggressive surgical resection. This article present a clinical case of a patient with Craniofacial Necrotizing Fasciitis, who received a multidisciplinary treatment at the Specialty Hospital, National Medical Center, IMSS, located in Mexico City. The object of this article is to demonstrated the rapid spread and complications of Craniofacial Necrotizing Fasciitis.