Prevention of Musculoskeletal Disorders by Principles of Ergonomics in Dentistry: Short Communication

Abstract

Prior to 1985, low back pain was the most commonly reported musculoskeletal disorder or repetitive injury for dentists and dental hygienists. Since then, there has been a rise in Musculo Skeletal Disorders from extended work days, awkward postures, prolonged standing/unsupported sitting, and a host of other problems caused by poorly designed workstations, improper work habits, and instruments that are difficult to manipulate. Dentists and hygienists are required to perform physically challenging work with the muscles of their arms and hands almost constantly moving during the day, while trying to provide the highest quality of care for each member. The current workstation in most dental offices requires that the practitioner lean forward, flex his neck forward and laterally, hold his shoulders abducted and his arms flexed, with this position being held statically for most of the workday. Dentists need to tightly grip thin, sharp instruments and make a high volume of short, forceful movements with the muscles of their wrists and hands to treat heavy calculus and other conditions. The human body is not built to handle these kinds of stresses, and the positions in which dentists repeatedly put themselves through their work place them at great risk for developing MSDs