Journal of Dermatology Research Reviews & Reports
Journal of Dermatology Research Reviews & Reports is an open access peer-reviewed journal from the publishers of Scientific Research and Community (SRC) which publishes articles in the form of written, video and power-point presentations from the arena of Journal of Dermatology Research Reviews & Reports. The journal focuses to build up accessing the complete content of articles freely from online for reader’s perusal. Article acceptance will be in the form of Research, Review, Case Reports, Analysis, Magazines, Editorials, Opinion, Communications, Mini-Review, Short Communications, Picturized, Book Review, Video type and Power Point Presentations (PPTS). Articles can be submitted through online from https://www.onlinescientificresearch.com/submit-online or can send through an e-mail with attachment for dermoresearch@onlinescientificresearch.info or jdmrs@onlinescientificresearch.net
Prurigo Nodularis: Presentation of a Case Report
Nodular prurigo (NP) is a chronic pruritic disorder of unknown origin, characterized by the formation of firm, hyperkeratotic papules and nodules withexcoriations. It occurs with higher incidence between 20 and 60 years of age. Its pathophysiology remains unknown, however recent studies point to a neurocutaneous component. Among the systemic causes that trigger chronic nodular prurigo, several entities stand out, among them some bacterial and hematological infections. We present the case of a patient with NP treated in our department where therapeutic management with topical and systemic corticosteroids for pruritus control and phototherapy with UVB light was performed.
Prurigo, Pruritus, Nodules, Phototherapy
Copyright (c) 2025 Journal of Dermatology Research Reviews & Reports
Alopecia Areata Ophiasic with Ciliary Madarosis in A Pediatric Patient: Case Report
A 10-year-old girl presented to the dermatologist for hair and eyelash loss that began in March 2024, after grieving for the loss of her maternal grandmother. Physical examination revealed Fitzpatrick phototype IV/VI and a band-like alopecia in the temporo-occipital region, with partial madarosis on the left side. The Sabouraud sign was negative, and the traction test was positive. Trichoscopy revealed empty follicles, whiteheads, few blackheads, and vellus and regrown hairs. Onychoscopy revealed pitting in the nail plate of the fourth finger of the left hand. The trichogram showed dystrophic anagen and brush hairs at the distal end. Based on these findings, a diagnosis of infantile ophiastic alopecia areata with infantile ciliary madarosis was made. Paraclinical studies were within normal limits. The ophthalmological evaluation recommended 0.005% ophthalmic latanoprost, while the dermatologist prescribed treatment with oral corticosteroids (dexamethasone), 2% topical minoxidil, and clobetasol hair lotion. The child psychologist diagnosed post-traumatic stress disorder. After 56 days of treatment, trichoscopy revealed hair regrowth and eyelash regrowth on the left upper eyelid, demonstrating an excellent therapeutic response.
Alopecia Areata, Ciliary Madarosis, Latanoprost, School Aged
Liliana Coromoto Rosales Ochoa Rosales Ochoa
Disseminated Bullous Pyoderma Gangrenosum: A Clinical Case Report
Pyoderma gangrenosum is a neutrophilic dermatosis that is difficult to diagnose, with various clinical manifestations. Its variants include ulcerous, pustulous, bullous, vegetative, peristomal, and drug-induced. We present a clinical case of bullous pyoderma gangrenosum in a male patient with generalized dermatosis, characterized by flaccid blisters of hematopurulent content, which are subsequently unroofed and evolve into painful ulcers with irregular and purplish borders. Associated diseases were ruled out. The diagnosis was made by histopathological study that showed perivascular and deep neutrophilic inflammatory infiltrate, with areas of necrosis and edema. Remission of lesions was obtained with combined topical corticosteroid therapy and systemic therapy with thalidomide.
Pyoderma Bullous Gangrenosum (PGA), Neutrophilic Dermatosis, Thalidomide
Combined Tubero-Eruptive and Planar Xanthomas in a 49-YearOld Female with Hyperlipidemia
ABSTRACT Background: Xanthomas are cutaneous lesions, ranging from papules to nodules and plaques, consisting of infiltrates of lipid-containing histiocytic foam cells. These usually result from disturbances in lipoprotein metabolism leading to the accumulation and/or deposition of lipoproteins in plasma or tissue. This case report aims to present a patient with coexisting tubero-eruptive and planar xanthomas, associated with underlying hyperlipidemia. Case Report: A 49-year-old Filipino female presented with multiple, well-defined, yellowish papules, nodules and plaques on the elbows, hands, knees, feet, antecubital and popliteal fossae, which started 8 years prior. Initially diagnosed as a case of benign fibrous histiocytoma, she was lost to follow-up until new lesions emerged. Blood tests done revealed hyperlipidemia. Histopathological examinations were consistent with xanthoma. She was referred to Internal Medicine and was prescribed Atorvastatin 40 mg ODHS and Fenofibrate 200 mg OD. She also underwent a series of surgical excisions for some of the large nodules that caused discomfort and mobility problems. Conclusion: This case highlights the importance of the groundwork that history-taking and physical examination establish. Accurate diagnosis of xanthoma is crucial because it may uncover underlying atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, which, when managed promptly, can delay its progression. Given the potential familial or hereditary nature of hyperlipidemia, it is essential to stress the importance of testing not only the patient, but also family members, even those without cutaneous manifestations. Despite the limited use of complex assays and genetic testing in the Philippines, returning to basics such as simple lipid profile tests can reveal serious health implications.
Copyright (c) 2024 Journal of Dermatology Research Reviews & Reports
Exosomes: Cutting-Edge Therapies for Autoimmune DermatologicDiseases
Exosomes are small extracellular vesicles with bioactive substances like proteins, lipids and RNAs which are involved in cell-to-cell communication. These vehicles have the capacity to influence major biological procedures such as immune signaling, inflammation and tissue repair hence they can serve as excellent therapeutic approaches. Exosomes may be utilized for delivery of directly into targeted cells and therefore minimizing side effects and increasing the differential effects of treatment. This review focuses on the mechanisms of action and its associated roles as exosomes are being crucial player in autoimmune mediated skin diseases and also used to develop new therapeutic options. Autoimmune diseases (AID) known when immune responses of targeted autoantigens cause a tissue destruction and significantly affecting the quality of life. The current medications often have shown an adverse reactions and limited efficacy in different patient populations. Exosome, macrovesicle, and apoptotic bodies are among the extracellular vesicles found in body fluids and human tissues including blood. They have the tendency to transport the bioactive materials such as membrane receptors or proteins that are specific cells and able to make them more popular, specifically in the field of dermatology. Extracellular exosome-like vesicles are majorly found in human’s largest organ (as skin) that can regulate both normal and pathological conditions through numerous ways. Recently developed drugs are highly successful for treating certain problems in different pathological conditions involving synaptogenesis. These processes are included in immune signaling, inflammation, angiogenesis that are characterized by scleroderma, melanoma, and hair loss. Skin disorders could be able to encompass abnormal behaviors in skin that are majorly involved immune signaling pathways such as inflammation. These kinds of inherent properties as stability, biocompatibility and evasion from host immunity system shows exosomes as excellent candidates for therapeutics delivery. The aim of this review is to summarize the earlier and currently available literature on how effective exosome therapy is and its possible role for showing its mechanism of action when it deals with the common dermatological conditions. We therefore attempt to emphasize the novel role of exosomes in targeting autoimmune skin diseases and their potential to be used for clinical applications.
Exosomes, Extracellular Vesicles, Autoimmune Diseases, Skin
Reyhaneh Yarmohammadi Reyhaneh Yarmohammadi
Autoimmune Syndrome Induced by Adjuvants and Breast ImplantAssociated Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma: An Analysis
The Adjuvant-Induced Autoimmune/Inflammatory Syndrome is caused by humoral mediators that lead to capsular contracture and fibrosis by the oxidation that occurs in the silicone. Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma occurs through the development of a seroma, with the formation of periprosthetic effusion or by an infiltration of the pathology itself, causing a tumoral growth inside and outside the capsule. The development of lymphoma occurs through the formation of a subclinical biofilm, capsular contracture, recurrent trauma, genetic predisposition or autoimmune etiology. To analyze these affections, a literature review was carried out on the symptomatology and pathophysiology of the Adjuvant-Induced Autoimmune/Inflammatory Syndrome and Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma, which was searched using the terms “ASIA breast silicone” “Lymphoma” “Adjuvants” “Immunologic” “Breast Implants” in the platform PubMed. Analyzing the data obtained, it was noted that the symptoms of Adjuvant-Induced Autoimmune/Inflammatory Syndrome are nonspecific, such as fatigue, neurasthenia, myalgia, arthralgia, morning stiffness and night sweats, and, therefore, need attention. On the other hand, Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma presents with breast pain, periprosthetic effusion, palpable mass, among others. In view of these aspects, it is concluded that a good investigation must be carried out when nonspecific symptoms appear, regardless of the time the surgery was performed, since these complications can appear years after the surgery
Efficacy and Safety of Apple Cider Vinegar in the treatment ofMolluscum Contagiosum: a Randomized Placebo- Controlled Trial
ABSTRACT Introduction: Molluscum Contagiosum is a common pox viridae infection among children. Although the condition is benign and self-limiting, treatment is warranted to prevent spread through auto-inoculation or close physical contact. To date no single treatment modality has been proven effective. Apple Cider Vinegar may be an alternative therapeutic option which can be used at home that is non-painful and effective. Objectives: To determine the efficacy and safety of Apple Cider Vinegar in the treatment of Molluscum Contagiosum Methods: The study is a randomized controlled clinical trial that was conducted at the Department of Dermatology of Ospital ng Maynila Medical Center using two types of topical treatment. Fourteen patients aged 2 to 18 who were clinically diagnosed with Molluscum Contagiosum were randomly allocated using sealed paper to apply Apple Cider Vinegar (n=8) or placebo (n=6) on the lesions twice daily for 6 weeks. The patients were blinded to the treatment allocation. Clinical parameters of resolution where noted at weeks 2, 4 and 6. Results: Demographic characteristics showed no statistical difference (p > 0.05). The comparison of apple cider vinegar with the control group did not give any significant difference in resolution of lesions between the two groups at any time point. Erythema was noted by the experimental group which was statistically significant (p = 0.04) Discussion: Apple cider showed promising results when half of the patients in the group showed inflammatory changes, with some of the lesions disappearing by the 4th and 6th week of administration. However, there was no statistical difference in the resolution of the lesions when compared to the placebo group,
Toxidermia Secondary to Anti-Tubercular Therapy: A Cross Sectional Study
Introduction: Tuberculosis (TB) is a major global public health problem and leading cause of death among communicable diseases in India. Anti tubercular therapy (ATT) is associated with various adverse drug reactions including diverse presentation of cutaneous adverse drug reactions (CADRs) also known as toxidermia, ranging from mild to life threatening sequelae. Re challenge remains the only option to restart the therapy safely with other primary ATT drugs. Objectives: To study the epidemiological profile, various CADRs, histopathological features, identify the offending drug and reinstitution of safe ATT. Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted at tertiary care centre. Patients who were diagnosed with tuberculosis of any type and on ATT with CADRs were included in the study. Data collection included demographic characteristics, type of TB, ATT regimen, pattern of drug rash, offending drugs, histopathological features, laboratory parameters and reinstitution of ATT after re challenge. tubercular drugs in 2(25%) patients. Results: Among 32 adult patients, male to female ratio was 1:1.3 and mean age was 45 years. Clinical diagnosis of CADRs was confirmed histopathologically. The most common type of TB observed was Pulmonary, (n= 21, 65.6%) followed by extra pulmonary (n=11, 34.4%). Among 32 cases of CADRs, Maculopapular rash was the most common 15(46.87%) type of cutaneous eruptions followed by lichenoid drug rash in 6(18.75%), urticarial in 5(15.63%), 4(12.5%) had generalised xerosis and 2(6.25%) had severe CADRs in the form of erythema multiforme1(3.15%) and DRESS syndrome1(3.15%). Patients with milder forms of CADRs were continued ATT with concomitant topical treatment for cutaneous lesions. Re-challenging was performed as per the institution’s protocol in 8 patient who gave consent. Ethambutol was the most common 6(75%) offending drug followed by other first line anti Conclusion: CADRs to ATT is like a poisoned chalice, as stopping ATT and treating CADRs with systemic steroids can aggravate underlying TB. Re challenge with ATT will help in sniffing out the culprit drug and reintroduction of safer alternative regimen.
Tuberculosis, Anti-Tubercular Therapy (ATT), Cutaneous Adverse Drug Reactions (CADRs), Drug Rash, Drug Re-Challenge
Elconyxis Induced by Isotretinoin: Myth or Reality?
Elconyxia is a rare nail disorder reported in the literature, associated with conditions such as peritonitis, psoriasis, syphilis, reactive arthritis, trauma, or retinoid use. Elconyxia due to isotretinoin or oral retinoids is an uncommon, dose-dependent entity that includes onychoschizia, transverse leukonychia, onychorrhexis, pyogenic granuloma, onychocryptosis, median canaliform dystrophy (Heller’s dystrophy), and paronychia with onychoschizia being the most common clinical manifestation. These signs are not seen with topical retinoids. Nail plate changes typically begin 3 to 4 months after starting the drug, may affect one or all nails, and are potentially reversible once the medication is discontinued. We report a new case in the literature of a male patient with elconyxia secondary to oral retinoids, with full symptom reversal after completing treatment.
Elconyxia, Onychoschizia, Isotretinoin, Reversible
Diez De Medina Duran Juan Carlos Juan Carlos
An Unusual Case of Mixed Superficial and Adenoid Basal CellCarcinoma in a 57-year-old Filipino Female
ABSTRACT Introduction: Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most common cutaneous malignancy worldwide often occurring in sun-exposed areas. While the nodular variant accounts for the majority of cases, the adenoid type is extremely rare, comprising about 1.3% of all BCCs. Contrary to the typical presentation of BCC, adenoid BCC features a large sized lesion and a tendency to involve non-sun exposed areas such as the trunk. This case study presents a unique form of mixed superficial and adenoid BCC in a 57-year-old Filipino female. Case Report: A 57-year-old female presented with a 2-year history of a slowly enlarging bluish-black plaque with rolled borders on the left flank with noted bleeding, pain, and pruritus. Dermoscopy revealed arborizing vessels, leaf-like structures, blue gray globules, and white streaks, consistent with BCC. Histopathology showed a diagnosis of a superficial and adenoid type of BCC. Conclusion: Encounters with unusual forms of cutaneous carcinoma may arise in dermatologic practice. Dermoscopy serves as a powerful tool in identifying suspicious lesions and a pre-operative biopsy is done to correlate with the clinical diagnosis. Hence, the dermatologist will be able to decide the appropriate treatment option based on the clinical presentation and histopathologic type.
Copyright (c) 2023 Journal of Dermatology Research Reviews & Reports
Accelerated Immediate Results in the Treatment of an Extensive Facial Burn in an Infant Using a Medical Device II: Carbohydrate Polymer with Zinc Oxide (C.P.Z.O.) - Case Report
Burn injuries in children are common and can be life-threatening in complicated cases; however, there is a lack of published literature addressing these accidents in detail. This study demonstrated that the use of a Type II medical device with wound healing properties—a carbohydrate polymer with zinc oxide—was effective in the recovery of extensive facial burns of grades 2 and 3.
Burn Injuries, Pediatric Facial Burns, Wounds, Reepithelization, Scars
Low Glycemic Index and Glycemic Load Diet in Reducing AcneVulgaris
Acne vulgaris leads to a massive negative impact on the developmental, emotional, psychological and psychosocial aspects of the person who suffers from the physical sequelae of scarring and hyperpigmentation. Research articles that have studied the impact and relationship of diet in reducing the severity of acne vulgaris amongst adolescents and young adults are reviewed and analyzed with glycemic index (GI) and glycemic load (GL) diet as the main focus.The present review does not directly show low GI and GL diet in reducing AV; however, it greatly suggests a strong association of high carbohydrate diet in causing the incidence and severity of AV.
Acne Vulgaris, Glycemic Index, Glycemic Load, Adolescents, Adolescence, Diet
Vitiligo is a chronic (long-lasting) disorder that causes some areas of the skin to lose their natural color. No one knows exactly what causes vitiligo, but it may be an autoimmune disease in which the immune system attacks and destroys the cells that produce the pigmentation.
Evaluation of Antioxidants and Serum Immunoglobulins in YoungAdult Females with Striae Distensae
ABSTRACT Objective: Striae distensae constitute linear dermal scars that are accompanied by epidermal atrophy not yet associated with any significant medical problem, but can cause significant distress to its sufferers. The study aimed to analyze the relationship between antioxidants and total antioxidant capacity and Striae distensae in young female adults. Materials and Methods: Using a random sampling technique, sixty (60) young adult females with Striae distensae (test samples) were selected and agematched with sixty (60) young adult females without Striae distensae, who served as the control group. Ten milliliters (10ml) of venous blood was collected from each participant, it was dispensed into plain containers and was allowed to cloth, and then centrifuged to obtain serum, which was stored at -20℃ before use. The antioxidant effect of the samples was studied using ABTS (2, 2,-azino-bis-3-ethyl benthiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) radical; cation decolorization assay. While the immunoglobulins were determined using the Elisa technique, data obtained were subjected to statistical analysis using SPSS 21, and the P<0.05 level of significance was adopted. Results: The results reveal significantly lower serum levels of GPx(0.1588±0.0264), Catalase(0.4627±0.2608), TAC (10.12±2.186) and SOD (0.8897±0.20708) in young adult females with SD compared to controls with GPx (0.1819±0.474), Catalase (0.6535±0.3112), TAC (11.82±2.991) and SOD (1.0389±0.1994). There are also non-significant correlation of GPx with IgG (r = 0.054, p = 0.684), IgE (r = -0.189, p = 0.148) and IgM (r = 0.058, p = 0.661) as well as there are non-significant correlation of serum SOD with IgG (r = -0.221, p = 0.089), IgE (r = 0.018, p = 0.891) and IgM (r = 0.088, p = 0.504) in young adult females with SD. The results also reveal non-significant correlation of TAC with IgG (r = -0.143, p = 0.275), and IgM (r = -0.071, p = 0.589), IgE (r = 0.180, p = 0.170) and non-significant positive correlation of Catalase with IgG (r = 0.168, p = 0.200) and IgE (r = 0.062, p = 0.637), IgM (r = -0.147, p = 0.262) in young adult females with SD. Conclusion: This study concludes that Striae distensae is associated with reduced activities of enzymatic antioxidants in young adult females.
Evaluating the Role of ChatGPT in Dermatology: A Study onHealthcare Workers’ Perceptions and Expectations
Introduction: Artificial intelligence (AI), particularly ChatGPT, is rapidly transforming dermatology by enhancing clinical practices, patient communication, and knowledge management. However, the perceptions and expectations of healthcare professionals regarding its integration remain underexplored. Objective: The main objective was to evaluate the different ways in which medical professionals use ChatGPT, to ascertain its advantages and disadvantages for dermatology. Materials and Methods: This analytical cross-sectional study was conducted in northern Morocco between December 2023 April 2024. A questionnaire was administered to 79 healthcare professionals, including professors, specialists, and residents. The survey assessed their knowledge of ChatGPT, its potential applications, and perceived barriers to its adoption. Results: Among the participants, 64.6% reported familiarity with ChatGPT, but only 32.2% had incorporated it into their practice. Key applications included report writing (25.5%), diagnostic assistance (19.9%), and research support (25.5%). Major concerns included data reliability (59.9%), accessibility (41.1%), and medico-legal implications (48.9%). Despite these challenges, 76.7% of the respondents anticipated a positive impact of ChatGPT on their practice. Conclusion: ChatGPT and artificial intelligence are transforming dermatology by enhancing communication and supporting clinical decision-making. By overcoming its challenges, AI can improve clinical outcomes and patient experience in an inclusive, patient-centered manner.
AI in Dermatology, Healthcare Professionals’ Perceptions, Technological Adoption Barriers
Squamous Cell Carcinoma Associated with the Use of SkinLightening Cream
Introduction: Skin-lightening cosmetics are widely used by both women and men worldwide. Skin cancer cases have also been linked to the use of skin-lightening cosmetics we present the second case of epidermoid carcinoma associated with skin lightening in the Department of Dermatology at Bamako, Mali. Observation: A 50-year-old Malian woman who had been using these products for 20 years. She presented with a budding ulceration on her left shoulder, which began as a keratotic nodule treated with liquid nitrogen but persisted and gradually expanded. Clinical examination revealed hyperpigmented spots on her face and a poikilodermic appearance on her trunk. The ulceration on her left shoulder, suspicious for SCC, prompted an excision with a 2 mm margin for histological examination. Further investigations showed lymphadenopathy in the left cervical, supraclavicular, and axillary regions. Pathological examination indicated the presence of malignant cells, suggesting secondary localization of carcinoma or adenocarcinoma. Discussion: This case is the second reported instance of SCC associated with skin-lightening practices in Mali. The epidemiological profile aligns with previous cases, typically affecting middle-aged women who have practiced depigmentation for many years. Conclusion: In conclusion, this case emphasizes the risks associated with skin-lightening cosmetics and the need for further research to better understand the mechanisms involved in skin cancer development in these cases.
Squamous Cell Carcinoma, Use, Skin Lightening Cream
Biosafe Technique –Facial Biostimulation with 10%PolymethylmethacrylateTechnical Note
Among the different types of biostimulators used in the global market, polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) biostimulation has been considered the most effective in truly stimulating clinically visible neocollagenesis.Many histological and clinical studies have also proven the product’s safety, in addition to its efficacy.The described technique proposes the use of 10% PMMA for the treatment of skin flaccidity caused by the aging process at different degrees.This publication suggests a standardization in five pre-determined regions that most frequently require the clinical effect of neocollagenesis and reviews the ideal anatomical plane and vascular risk zones to enhance the safety of product application.The proposed nomenclature refers to the safety of the product and the suggested protocol, supported by nearly 40 years of use in medicine.
Extensive Alopecia Areata Effectively Treated with Methotrexate andDexamethasone
Alopecia areata is a non-scarring telogenetic alopecia of autoimmune pathogenesis characterized by the appearance of alopecic plaques of variable number and size . The disease has diverse clinical presentations that vary in severity from circumscribed alopecia plaques to total or universal alopecia, the extensive variety being a more severe form of alopecia areata that can cause significant hair loss. Its etiopathogenesis is mainly described as autoimmunity, it is characterized by an alteration of the immune privilege of the hair follicle. Treatment is indicated according to the severity of the alopecia, this is based on systemic and topical therapies. It should be noted that in extensive forms (extension greater than 20% as extensive, total or universal alopeciaareata) oral pulses of dexamethasone and immunosuppressants such as methotrexate combined with minoxidil hair lotion are indicated. We present the case of a 30-year-old patient from Carabobo state, who began her current illness in July 2023. Phototype cutaneous IV/VI. presents dermatosis located on the scalp in the right fronto - temporo - parieto -occipital region, characterized by an alopecia plaque measuring approximately 30x19cm, with welldefined irregular edges, a smooth, shiny surface, soft consistency, without scales, non-pruritic, of years of evolution. Paraclinical studies are indicated, and digital trichoscopy is performed and based on its findings, the diagnosis of extensive alopecia areta is concluded, establishing a therapeutic plan based on methotrexate 15 mg/week, folic acid 5 mg PO OD except on the day of MTX, dexamethasone 5 mg PO twice a week and Minoxidil 5% hair lotion daily. With satisfactory evolution after 48 weeks of treatment.
A New Innovative and Transformational Approach to Treatmentof Toenail Onychomycosis: An Open Phase 2 Study
Toenail onychomycosis has long been difficult to treat because many factors affect the treatment outcome: aging patients, longstanding infection, slow growth of thickened nails, co-morbidities, limitations of the treatment (e.g. treatment length, side effects, toxicity, physical limitations of the patient). Hesitation in using oral medications for a non-life-threatening infection exists due to perceived risk of hepatic toxicity. Hence, physicians continue to prescribe topical drugs that are associated with limited efficacy and poor patient compliance to a daily treatment regimen that can last a year or more.
Palmoplantar Pustular Psoriasis: A New Clinical Case in an ElderlyPatient
Psoriasis is a systemic inflammatory disease of immunogenetic origin, the palmoplantar pustular variant, most frequently in middle-aged women. It presents with small sterile pustules on an erythematous base on the palms of the hands and soles of the feet. These pustules do not rupture, but they acquire a dark brown color and evolve into scales that are sometimes very painful. Treatment is based on systemic and topical therapies such as topical glucocorticoids in occlusive treatment, methotrexate, psoralens, phototherapy, retinoids, colchicine, cyclosporine, and calcipotriol. Biological treatments such as etanercept have been used in recalcitrant cases. The European Commission has granted a conditional marketing authorization for SPEVIGO® (Espesolimab) monoclonal antibody as a first-in-class treatment option for pustular psoriasis flares as it blocks the activation of the interleukin-36receptor (IL-36R). The case of a 75-year-old female patient from the state of Carabobo is presented, who started her current illness in June 2023, skin phototype IV/VI, dermatosis located on the palms characterized by erythematous violaceous plaques, hyperkeratotic with regular edges, well-defined scales on the surface. surface, with pustules, areas of Ex ulceration and fissures, painful, pruritic, causing functional limitation, of weeks of evolution,paraclinical, histopathological and imaging studies are indicated and in view of their findings, a diagnosis of palmoplantar pustular psoriasis is proposed and establishes a therapeutic plan based on methotrexate 15 mg/week, occlusive topical corticosteroids and emollient, showing satisfactory improvement 8 weeks after starting treatment.
Psoriasis, Pustular, Palmoplantar, Methotrexate
A Case of Hypohidrotic Ectodermal Dysplasia in a 1-Year Old Filipino Male
Introduction: Hypohidrotic Ectodermal Dysplasia (HED) is the most common Ectodermal Dysplasia, a group of rare, inherited multisystemic disorders exhibiting developmental aberrations in ectodermal structures including the hair, teeth, nails, and sebaceous and sweat glands. HED is commonly X-linked, presenting with abnormalities of the hair and teeth accompanied by inability to sweat. This case report aims to present a case of X-linked HED in a 1-yearold Filipino male. Case Report: A 1-year-old Filipino male presented with reduced sweating since birth and heat intolerance. He had scalp and facial papules, slowly growing, sparse eyebrow and scalp hair, periorbital wrinkling with hyperpigmentation, everted lips, frontal bossing, absent tooth, and negative palmoplantar starchiodine test. Maternal male relatives had similar symptoms while females had little to no symptoms. He was diagnosed with HED. Skin punch biopsy with immunohistochemistry showed absence of eccrine glands on the plantar skin, which strengthened the diagnosis. Management of symptoms was mainly supportive and involved multidisciplinary collaboration with Pediatrics, Otorhinolaryngology, Dentistry, and Nutrition and Dietetics. Conclusion: This report underscores the critical role of Dermatologists in identifying key clinical signs of HED, which primarily relies on clinical assessment. A high level of suspicion is warranted when abnormalities in hair, teeth, and sweating are evident. It is crucial to consider other potential features in patients with symptoms of hypotrichosis, hypodontia and hypohidrosis, due to the varied manifestations of the disease. Early detection, comprehensive supportive treatment, and patient education are vital for improving the quality of life for those affected by HED.
A Randomized Controlled, Single-Observer Blinded Study on the Safety and Efficacy of a Combination of 678nm Helmet-Type Low-level Laser Therapy and Topical Minoxidil 5% Versus Topical Minoxidil 5% Alone in the Treatment of Male Androgenetic Alopecia
Male pattern androgenetic alopecia is a chronic, progressive condition with significant social and psychological impact. Few preliminary researches have been done on the role of low-level laser therapy as a treatment modality for male pattern hair loss. This is a randomized, controlled, single-observer blinded clinical trial conducted from November 2019 to October 2021 at the East Avenue Medical Center Dermatology Out-Patient Department on the use of low-level laser therapy and topical minoxidil for the treatment of androgenetic alopecia. Twenty-four male adults with Norwood Hamilton Hair Loss Scale of IIa to V were randomly assigned into 2 groups: a control group (monotherapy with topical minoxidil 5%) and a treatment group (678 nm helmet-type low-level laser therapy and topical minoxidil 5%). A statistically significant higher increase in hair density was observed in the treatment group (14.58 and 15.08 for the right and left sides, respectively) compared to the control (5.83 on the right and 5.50 on the left, respectively, p=.000 <.05). In addition, the investigator’s global photographic assessment and patient satisfaction were also significantly higher. Both treatments were well tolerated. The results of this study show that 678 nm helmet-type low-level laser therapy is an effective adjunctive treatment modality to topical minoxidil 5% solution for the treatment of male androgenetic alopecia.
The Role of the Thymus Gland in Atopic Dermatitis
The thymus gland is a vital organ for maintaining a vigilant immune system. It develops at the perinatal stage, maturing during childhood and involutes during adolescence. The thymus secretes numerous cells, chemokines and lymphokines to sustain its function. The Thymus and activation-regulated chemokine (TARC/CCL17) is a member of the T-helper 2 chemokine that aids in immunosurveillance in allergic disease. The TARC is a robust objective biomarker involved in the pathogenesis of Atopic Dermatitis, enabling the monitoring of many aspects of the disease. Arguably, it is currently the most sensitive clinical biomarker of Atopic Dermatitis. TARC has enabled atopic dermatologic management to be precise and personal. The regeneration of the thymus gland will be favourable to conserving many of its essential tasks in the body.
Thymus and Activation-Regulated Chemokine
Simultaneous Oral Bullous Pemphigoid and Paraneoplastic Pemphigus Following Photoimmunotherapy
Head and neck cancers pose a significant challenge to clinicians to treat the disease while limiting the amount of morbidity to the patient. Given this need, new trials and medications have been explored to provide tissue sparing therapies. One of these methods being trialed at our institution is photoimmunotherapy with the PD1 inhibitor pembrolizumab. A patient with multiple recurrences of squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity underwent trial with photoimmunotherapy, but developed severe lip ulceration and swelling that required the patient to discontinue the trial. Biopsy and antibody testing revealed elevated levels of BP180 and BP230 indicating bullous pemphigoid. In addition, elevated Envoplakin was noted confirming a simultaneous paraneoplastic pemphigus diagnosis. Given the growing number of case reports showing an association of paraneoplastic pemphigus and bullous pemphigoid with pembrolizumab and other PD1 inhibitors, further investigation should be undertaken to better understand the incidence of these diseases with photoimmunotherapy
“Topical Corticosteroids: A Review Article on its Adverse Effectsand Abuse Leading to Local and Systemic Side Effects-PharmacistPerspective”
Topical corticosteroids are potent preferable drug of choice in dermatology, but its abuse and misuse are increasing. People tend to use topical corticosteroids for instant relief from itching and rashes but it may cause other local side effects. There is a misuse of Topical corticosteroids due to number of reasons like easy availability as over the counter, available at affordable price, faster relief and onset of action. Long term use may cause systemic and topical side effects like skin atrophy, striae and telangiectasia. Prescribing these agents should be done cautiously and dermatologist should take time to explain patient on rational use of these agents-use, duration, dosage, frequency and side effects. Without any lesion or without any advice from dermatologist people use these agents Irrationally for skin lightening, skin pigmentation. These practices should not be promoted and strict regulations should be taken to reduce misuse of topical corticosteroids. There should be an evidence based prescribing guidelines to prevent further abuse of these agents.
A Case of a 50-Year-Old Female with Dermatomyositis Secondary to a Paraneoplasm (Infiltrating Ductal Carcinoma, Grade 2)
Introduction: Dermatomyositis is an autoimmune disorder with an incidence of 5 to 10 per 1 million per year. 10 to 20% of patients with adult-onset Dermatomyositis have an underlying malignancy. There are currently no specific cutaneous markers for Paraneoplastic Dermatomyositis. This case highlights a patient with uncommon features of paraneoplasm after breast malignancy. Case Report: A 50-year-old female with Infiltrating Ductal Carcinoma, presented with patches on the face, neck, chest, upper back, outer arms, dorsal hands, thighs, hair loss and weakness. Histopathology revealed widened basal layer vacuolization with widened spaces between collagen bundles filled with mucin deposition, and pigment incontinence in the papillary dermis. Direct immunofluorescence showed granular deposits of IgG, C3, IgM and IgA in the basement membrane zone, which are consistent with Dermatomyositis. The patient was prescribed with Clobetasol ointment mixed equally with petrolatum on the body and Mometasone cream on the face. She was subsequently started on Prednisone at 0.5 mkd with eventual tapering, Omeprazole, and Calcium + Vitamin D tablet daily. Hydroxychloroquine 200 mg/tab daily was added. Referral to Rheumatology for co-management and Surgery for management of the breast mass was also done. Conclusion: This case emphasizes the rare occurrence of a Paraneoplastic Dermatomyositis following a diagnosis of breast malignancy. A careful review upon diagnosis may detect occult malignancies especially in patients who present primarily with cutaneous Dermatomyositis. Clinicopathologic correlation and a multi-disciplinary approach, with Surgery, Oncology, Rheumatology and Dermatopathology are needed to identify the underlying cause and facilitate successful treatment of a neoplasm followed by improvement of Dermatomyositis.
Herbal Hair Serum: Design Development & Evaluation
By Hair is an epidermal by-product that plays an important role in enhancing the overall beauty of the body. Dandruff, Hair fall, grey hair are few problems committed hair faced by people. Many cosmetics are available nowadays to unravel these problems and hair grease is one of them. According to research, herbal hair serum offers a variety of vital nutrients needed to encourage the growth of natural hair and preserve the sebaceous glands’ proper operation. The use of herbal cosmetics within the specific hygiene and healthcare system has modified by numerous groups. The lengthening of hair growth was then captured on camera. Cosmetics are used on an excessive scale for their many benefits in daily life. Mankind use a variety of cosmetics to enhance their beauty and elegance so that they appear fresh and charming.
Collagen Biostimulatores in the Vulva’s Region
Objective: To investigate in the literature the importance of collagen biostimulators in the female intimate region and their repercussions for women’s sexual health and well-being. Methods: This is an integrative literature review. The PICo strategy was applied: P: Women; I: Care of the intimate area; Co: Applicability of collagen biostimulators. Also, the following databases were used: Embase, Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online, SCOPUS, Web of Science, and the Scientific Electronic Library Online virtual library. Results: n = 89 studies were found, which were selected after a thorough investigation of n = 4 articles. Final considerations: This research aimed to provide more information about the importance of collagen biostimulators in the female intimate region and its repercussions for women’s sexual health and well-being, facilitating the understanding of the topic addressed due to the lack of studies.
Severe Irritant Contact Dermatitis of the Face: New NaturalApproaches in the Topical Treatment
Contact dermatitis is a common skin condition characterized by inflammation, be it acute or chronic, occurring as a result of interaction with irritant substances. It can be categorized as either irritant contact dermatitis (ICD) or allergic contact dermatitis (ACD). Contact dermatitis is currently one of the most common occupational diseases, with capability of involving any given part of skin and a predilection for the face and extremities. Irritant-contact dermatitis represents the majority of cases (around 80%), while the remaining instances are caused by interaction with allergens. Nonetheless, correctly diagnosing and treating forms of ICD remains difficult, with treatments for contact dermatitis currently based on the identification and avoidance of the underlying cause, along with the use of topical steroids and emollients, with creams frequently recommended in preventative skin care programs for the workplace.
Water Absorption and 3D Expansion of Different Injectable Hyaluronic Acids
Hyaluronic acid’s water absorption and expansion capacities define a filler’s ability to lift the tissues. Therefore, studying these properties is essential to better understand filler’s clinical performance. The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare water absorption and expansion (bidimensional and three-dimensional) of five Fillmed fillers (Universal, Fine Lines, Volume, Lips and Lips Soft). Water absorption was measured through swelling ratio 24 hours post-hydration. For two-dimensional expansion, samples were analysed quantitatively and qualitatively, using calibrated photographs, before and two hours after hydration. Three-dimensional volume was evaluated before and immediately after injecting the fillers, and 30 minutes, 2 hours and 24 hours post-injection in ex vivo pig skin. The tissue was scanned with the 3Shape TRIOS scanner and resulting STL files were compared. Group comparisons were analyzed with the one-way ANOVA test, and a p-value ≤ 0,05 was established. Lips showed a statistically higher swelling ratio than other fillers (p < 0,05). Fine Lines had the lowest swelling ratio, even if only statistically significant when compared to Universal (p= 0,021). Fine Lines had a significantly higher initial bidimensional width than all fillers (p <0,05) except Lips Soft. 24 hours post-injection, Fine Lines had the highest three-dimensional volume, which was statistically higher than Volume’s (p= 0,049). All fillers absorbed water and expanded, with Fine Lines tending to have the highest three-dimensional expansion, despite its lowest viscosity and water absorption. Further studies with larger sample sizes are needed to investigate the influence of other properties over water absorption and expansion.