Mapping Analysis on Normalized Difference Vegetation Index(NDVI) Coverage and its Correlation with Land Surface TemperatureChanges Utilizing Remotely Sensing Data and GIS in SouthernTigray Region, Northern Ethiopia

Abstract

The present study was conducted from 2015 to 2023, the objectives to analyze and detect changes in vegetation, to calculated NDVI, NDMI and LST values and correlation the NDVI and LST R2 produced for 2015 and 2023. were extracted from remotely sensed data (Landsat 8 Operational Land Imager (OLI)). The NDVI class covers the largest area at 1295.69 (40.77%), about the whole shown low vegetated area, and 1230.71 (38.86%) in 2015 and 2023, respectively. The values of -1.91 and -5.14 were decreased values. The 624.33 (19.64%) and 762.15 (24.06%) 2015 and 2023, respectively, moderate vegetation areas. The average NDVI value was a coverage of 4.42%, increasing in 2023 compared to 2015. The last NDVI class 245.26 (7.72%%) and 327.51 (10.34%) area was high vegetated the mean value 2.26 % coverage was changed or increasing in 2023 than 2015. LST was estimated using the conversion of radiance to satellite brightness temperature and spectral emissivity minimum, maximum, and mean values of LST. As we observe the mean results increasing from 25.470°C to 27.890°C in 2023 compared to 2015. The soil moisture coverage has been changed and decreased from 417.91 km² to 413.92 (-0.13%), and the
low NDMI values also decreased from 1168.94 to 1166.24 (-0.09%); the very low and moderate NDMI values were increasing from 701.67 to 707.59 (0.19%) and 889.89 to 890.46 (0.05%), respectively, in 2015 and 2023. the study area was coverage 36.78 % and Moderated area was coved 27.899% moisture content covergs have less in area coveregs b/n 2015 and 2023. R² values for NDVI and LST correlations indicated 0.9634 in 2015 and 0.9587 in 2023, respectively, due to the differences in NDVI values.