Predictive Capacity of Screening Methods for Preeclampsia in EarlyPregnancies

Abstract

Background: Preeclampsia (PE) is a multiorgan and multifactorial disorder that occurs worldwide and is responsible for maternal mortality between 10 to 15% as a direct obstetric cause. Its early prediction would allow us to act in a timely manner to avoid possible complications.

Objective: To evaluate the predictive capacity of screening methods.

Methods: It is a prospective longitudinal study. the mean gestational age by LCC was 12.6 weeks. in which clinical risk criteria for preeclampsia (major and moderate), mean arterial pressure (MAP), uterine artery pulsatility index (IP AU), biomarkers (PIGF and PAPPA) were taken as early predictors. 

Results: Of the 632 participants who met the inclusion criteria, 62 (9.8%) presented preeclampsia and 570 (90.1%) participants did not develop it. They were grouped by gestational age at delivery and the different markers were applied, obtaining them by combining them in the case of Pregnancies less than 34 weeks a prediction of 88.24% (Low PE p ≤ 0.001 compared to High PE), in pregnancies less than 37 weeks 70% (Low PE p ≤ 0.04 compared to High PE), in pregnancies greater than 37 weeks 68% (Low PE p ≤ 0.003 compared to High PE).  

Conclusions: The application of the different markers individually is not usually highly effective, compared to their combined application, which in our studies achieves a higher percentage of prediction, especially in early-onset preeclampsia.