Prevalence of Bovine Mastitis and its Associated Risk Factor Sin and Around Bahir Dar City, North West Ethiopia

Abstract

Bovine mastitis has a substantial effect on dairy production, financial loss, and public health in addition to the health and welfare of animals. A crosssectional study design was conducted from August 2024 to September 2024 in and around Bahir Dar Town to determine the prevalence and risk factor associated with bovinemastitis occurrence. Atotal of 311lactatingcowswereselected using simple random sampling techniques. Clinical examination and California Mastitis Test (CMT) were used for detection of clinical and subclinical mastitis respectively. Based on CMT (25. 2%). From these, 12 (3. 7%) and 67 (21. 54%) were clinical and subclinical mastitis prevalence respectively. The Overall quarter-level prevalence was 138 (11%). The prevalence of mastitis based on age were 21 (20%) in young. It is statistically significantly with other age groups. 25 (22. 7%) OR=0. 46, P (0. 37) ≥0. 05, 95%CL0. 08-2. 54 in adult
and 33 (34. 4%) OR=1. 46, P (0. 64), 95%CL0. 29-7. 12 in old cows. Which has not statistically significant. However, the difference in prevalence between age was not statically significant (P>0. 05). Cows during early stage of lactation had higher mastitis prevalence 32 (32%) than middle 20 (16. 5%) and late 27 (30%) stage of lactation and the difference was statistically significant (P (0. 00) < 0. 05). Body condition also consider as other risk factor for mastitis occurrence and the prevalence was 37 (18. 5%) in good and 42 (37. 8%) in poor body condition and there were highly statistically significant (P< 0. 05). Prevalence of mastitis was30 (49. 1%) in tick infested animals and there were highly statically significant (P (0. 01) <0. 05). The prevalence of mastitis was 34 (17. 9%) in concrete and45 (28%) in muddy floor type and there was highly statistically significant (P<0. 05). Factors associated with mastitis prevalence
were cleanliness (hand and udder washing before milking), farmers’ awareness of mastitis, the cow’s parity and lactation stage, and herd size. The present study has shown that mastitis, particularly sub-clinical type, is a widely prevalent disease of dairy cows in and around Bahir Dar city. Thus, the need for applying feasible mastitis intervention strategy with special emphasis on sub-clinical mastitis should be implemented.