An Analysis of IoT Device Security and Privacy Concerns

Abstract

The paper conducts with the widespread adoption of the Internet of Things (IoT) has revolutionised diverse sectors, including healthcare, smart cities, and manufacturing, enhancing connectivity, efficiency, and decision- aking. However, this expansion has also exposed critical security and privacy vulnerabilities. This article delves into these challenges, exploring IoT device vulnerabilities, data protection, and secure communication. With an estimated 25% of IoT applications in smart homes, 20% in healthcare, and 18% in manufacturing, the increasing reliance on IoT underscores the urgency of addressing these issues. Trends such as integrating AI for real-time threat detection, developing encryption techniques, and standardising security protocols are shaping the future of IoT security. This study conducts a detailed review of existing literature to evaluate current solutions and presents a comprehensive framework that combines technical innovations like blockchain and privacy-preserving analytics with regulatory measures. By emphasising secure communication, enhanced authentication, and decentralised architectures, this research aims to provide actionable insights for mitigating risks and fostering a resilient IoT ecosystem. The findings underscore the need for a collaborative and holistic approach to safeguard IoT systems, offering a robust foundation for future research and practical applications.