Incidence of Dengue Infection among Febrile Patients in Port Sudan

Abstract

Objective: Aiming to detect dengue virus antibodies in clinically suspicious patients’ serum, contributing to clinical and laboratory advancements in dengue infection management, exploring the association between a clinico-laboratory makeup and Dengue fever, and enhancing the capacity to anticipate, diagnose, and respond to dengue infection.

Methods: At Port Sudan 2015, a descriptive cross-sectional hospital-based study was implemented. Six tertiary care hospitals in Port Sudan were included in the report. Patients who attended assigned hospitals with a suspected dengue infection were investigated. Individuals who are at least 9 months old, residency in study area for at least 7 days, pyrexia with unspecified cause for 2-7 days, thrombocytopenia in malaria negative blood film, as well as ages of 9 months and older considerably involved. Gender, age, residency, and clinical symptoms were used as independent variables while dengue patients posing as the dependent variable. Sample size approximation was created based on previous African community studies. To target respondents, a randomized cluster model was used. Information was gathered through direct interview, as well as questionnaire after signed a consent form. 5ml of venous blood withdraw by a professional nurse from each respondent, then examined for hematological indicators of dengue fever using Sysmex XP-300 Automated Hematology Analyzerand dengue specific IgM antibodies using Panbio® Dengue IgM Capture ELISA. Entering data and analysis of the volunteers’ characteristics, the Statistical Package for Social Sciences program (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA) version 20 was used. Incredibly simple descriptive statistics were used to analyze the laboratory results of the Dengue indicators as well as risk factors.

Results: The study involved 83 cases out of 110 that were tested by ELISA at different hospitals in Port Sudan and determined to be diagnosed with the dengue virus.The incidence rate among febrile patients was 75% (68 cases), with DF documented in 80 cases (96%) and DHF in three scenarios (4%). higher prevalence within the (21-30) age category 50/110. (45%).High occurrence rate during July (63 cases) (57%). Fever was the most noticeable clinical feature 79/83(95%, more evident hematological indicators included thrombocytopenia and leucopenia (88%) 97 out of 110 (71%) 78/110 in each event. Most of study subjects were unaware regarding risk factors with exception of transmission mode.

Conclusions: Study reported high incidence among suspected febrile participants. Most of patients presented as DF, with greater occurrence among reproductive age group and during July.Thrombocytopenia and leucopenia were more prominent clinical manifestations.With the exception of the mode of transmission, the majority of study respondents were unaware of the risk factors.