A Case Report of Left Ventricular Endomyocardial Fibrosis

Abstract

Endomyocardial fibrosis (EMF). is a prevalent restrictive cardiomyopathy worldwide, often linked to chronic eosinophilia and dietary, environmental, and infectious factors. Its hallmark is the fibrotic obliteration of the affected ventricle, leading to restrictive physiology. The disease affects 50% of cases, often affecting the apices of the right and left ventricles and causing atrioventricular valve dysfunction. Endomyocardial fibrosis is characterized by fibrotic enlargement and thickening of the endocardium and myocardium of one or both ventricles. Massive fibrosis building of the ventricular endocardium causing architectural distortion, impaired and poor filling, and valvular insufficiency that defines the disease. Early diagnosing and treatment including surgical management and care in a suitable intensive cardiac support settings will enhance the survival rate especially in patients with advanced heart failure. Advancements in diagnostic imaging techniques and availability of new pharmacological choices and interfering with surgical managements as soon as possible whenever needed, defining the targeted and potential populations will support disease prevention and early diagnosis, all will contribute to lower the rates of morbidity and mortality.