Journal of Oncology Research Reviews & Reports
Journal of Oncology Research Reviews & Reports is an open access peer-reviewed journal from the publishers of Scientific Research and Community (SRC) which publishes articles in the form of written, video and power-point presentations from the arena of Oncology Research Reviews & Reports. The journal focuses to build up accessing the complete content of articles freely from online for reader’s perusal. Articles acceptance will be in the form of Research, Review, Case Reports, Analysis, Magazines, Editorials, Opinion, Communications, Mini-Review, Short Communications, Picturized, Book Review, Video Articles and Power Point Presentations (PPTs). You can submit articles through online https://www.onlinescientificresearch.com/submit-online or can send through an e-mail with attachment for: oncologysciences@onlinescientificresearch.info
Additional, Supportive and Non-Conventional Approaches inCancer Therapy: Biological Properties of Snail Slime and OtherNatural Bioactive Compounds in Relation to Specific Cancer Types- A Literature Review
Background: Advances in oncology have significantly improved survival outcomes; however, cancer therapies remain associated with substantial adverse effects that impair patients’ quality of life. This has increased interest in evidence-based supportive and non-conventional approaches that complement standard oncological treatment. Objective: To review current scientific evidence regarding the biological properties of snail slime (snail mucus, snail secretion filtrate) and to evaluate its potential supportive applications across specific cancer types. Methods: A narrative literature review was conducted using PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science. Peer-reviewed articles published in English up to 2025 were included, encompassing experimental, preclinical, and clinical studies. Results: Snail slime contains bioactive compounds such as allantoin, collagen, elastin, glycolic acid, antimicrobial peptides, and antioxidants. These components exhibit regenerative, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antifibrotic, and wound-healing properties. Tumor-specific anticancer evidence remains limited and largely preclinical, whereas supportive-care applications are biologically plausible and supported by experimental and clinical wound-healing data. Conclusions: Snail slime may serve as a supportive adjunct in oncology, particularly for managing treatment-related skin and tissue complications across multiple cancer types. There is no evidence supporting its use as a primary anticancer therapy. Further standardized and tumor-specific studies are required.
Copyright (c) 2026 Journal of Oncology Research Reviews & Reports
Profile of Patients with Central Nervous System Tumors - Highand Low Grade Gliomas Seeing Clinical and HistopathologicalCharacteristics in Public Oncological Hospital in Brazil
Introduction: The incidence of neoplasms affecting the Central Nervous System (CNS) has gradually increased worldwide. Malignant CNS neoplasia occupies the 11th position in terms of incidence in Brazil. Brain tumors and other primary CNS tumors are a heterogeneous group of malignant and non-malignant tumors, presenting different signs and symptoms, with variable prognoses. The incidence of brain tumor subtypes varies according to age, with children and adults developing different pathologies. This study aimed to characterize the epidemiological profile of adult patients with low- and high-grade gliomas in a single public health center in Brazil. Methods: This retrospective, descriptive, analytical, unicentric, quantitative cohort observational study (n = 110). The medical records of patients diagnosed with high- and low-grade gliomas from January/2017 to June/2023 were evaluated. Results: Multiform glioblastoma (GBM) was predominant (60%), followed by non-GBM high-grade gliomas (20,9%), and low-grade gliomas (19,1%). The predominant sex was male (66.4%). The age group with the highest incidence was 40-64 years (57,3%). Most patients with gliomas did not have relevant comorbidities (46,4%). Most patients were ECOG 1 (Performance Status Scale - 39,1%). Conclusion: In Brazil, epidemiological data related to malignant primary intracranial tumors are still scarce; therefore, publishing epidemiological data for this challenging pathology can improve the understanding of the disease and treatment of patients.
Pancreatic Cancer Therapeutics are we doing things Right?
Pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the most lethal cancers. Among su-pramesocolic cancers, PDAC carries the worst prognosis because early detection re-mains a difficult task. Many treatment regimens failed to show improvement in terms of OS and DFS. In this review, we try to focus on PDAC from a molecular perspective. We identified how the 10 hallmarks of cancer apply in PDAC. K-ras mutation (the setter) was the triggering factor for all of them. Moreover, G12D mutation is a crucial step for PDAC to occur. Since this gene has many downstream pathways (spikers), it’s hard to hope for an effective treatment for each downstream mutation. Therefore, further re-search is required to find therapeutic drugs to target this mutation, the K-ras G12D.
Copyright (c) 2025 Journal of Oncology Research Reviews & Reports
Dosimetry of Three-Dimensional Conformal Radiotherapy (3D-CRT) Versus Volumetric Modulated Arc Therapy (VMAT) in Hypopharyngeal Cancer
Objectives: IMRT or VMAT is the standard for curative treatment of hypopharyngeal carcinoma. In our setting, 3D-CRT is widely used due to limited IMRT availability. This study aimed to compare dosimetry between these techniques. Methods: A retrospective, bicentric study included 30 patients with hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (15 3D-CRT, 15 VMAT). Prescribed doses were 70 Gy/35 fractions for 3D-CRT and 64–70 Gy for VMAT. Target volumes and organs at risk were analyzed per ICRU 50 standards. Results: PTV coverage at V95% was comparable. VMAT reduced hot spots (V107%: 0.10% vs 47.46%, p < 0.001) and improved dose homogeneity (HI: 0.08 vs 0.81, p < 0.001). VMAT also lowered spinal cord maximum dose (40.85 vs 47.40 Gy, p < 0.001) and parotid mean doses (left: 28.12 vs 38.01 Gy, right: 28.27 vs 38.57 Gy; p < 0.05). Conclusion: In resource-limited settings, 3D-CRT ensures adequate tumor coverage. VMAT provides better dose homogeneity and spares organs at risk, potentially reducing toxicity and improving quality of life.
Dosimetric and Clinical Outcomes of Volumetric Modulated ArcTherapy for Prostate Cancer
Objectives: To evaluate the dosimetric aspects through dose coverage and tolerance as well as the clinical outcomes of radiation therapy for prostate cancer by a technique of Volumetric Modulated Arc Therapy (VMAT). Methodology: This is a retrospective study of 71 patients treated for prostate cancer consecutively at the International Cancer Center of Dakar (CICD) from July 2020 to December 2023. All patients received radiation therapy in intensity modulation by VMAT technique. The diagnostic data, treatment information including dosimetric and results were collected and analyzed. Results: The average age was 68.9 ± 6.1 years. The circumstance of discovery was fortuitous by PSA assay in 42.3% and symptomatic in 57.7% of cases. The median initial PSA level was 20 ng/ml (3.7–662). Adenocarcinoma was the histological type in all patients. Pelvic node involvement was found in 12.6% of patients and 5.6% were metastatic. For localized forms, high risk was predominant (49.3%). First-line radiotherapy was performed in 94.4% of cases. The average doses of the D95% and Dmax of the high-risk forecast target volume were 70.69 ± 5.2Gy and 77.06 ± 5.88Gy, respectively. All dose constraints have been met on the target volumes and organs at risk. No Grade 3 acute toxicity was observed. With a median follow-up of 20.67 months, the overall survival (OS) and biochemical relapse-free survival (BFS) rates at 2 years were 98.6% and 92.9%, respectively. Conclusion: Radiotherapy occupies a prominent place in the treatment of prostate cancer. New techniques by intensity modulation allow better oncological results and improve the tolerance of treatments.
High Dose Rate Intracavitary Brachytherapy in Locally Advanced Cervical Cancer: A Retrospective Serie Analysis
Introduction: The treatment of locally advanced cervical cancer is based on radio chemotherapy followed by brachytherapy. The aim of this study was to evaluate the tolerance and efficacy of image-guided high dose rate (HDR) intracavitarybrachytherapy in a context of limited resources. Materials and Methods: The clinical and dosimetric data of 60 patients with locally advanced cervical carcinoma treated by concomitant radio-chemotherapy (RCC) follow-up of brachytherapy between January 2019 and December 2023 at the CHU Dalal Jamm in Dakar were retrospectively analyzed. The toxicities of brachytherapy had been evaluated according to the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events V4.0 (CTCAE) criteria. Estimates of overall survival and recurrence-free survival rates were analyzed by the Kaplan-Meier method, comparisons were made with the log-rank test and the cox model, with a 95% confidence interval. The statistical analyses were carried out using SPSS software in version 21. Results: The average age was 53.8 ± 11.8 years. All patients had locally advanced tumors with FIGO stages IIB and IIIC1 respectively predominant 37.1% each. The median time from completion of external irradiation to brachytherapy was 28 days [0–124]. The dosimetry was in 3D for all patients. The average dose delivered at the high risk CTV (D90) was 82.2 Gy and 71.7 Gy at the low risk CTV. The D2cc (minimum dose received by the most irradiated 2 cm3) were 79.5 Gy for the bladder, 72.1 Gy for the rectum, 55.4 Gy for the sigmoid and 60.1 Gy for the small intestine. The main toxicities of brachytherapy were digestive (16.7%) and genitourinary (33.3%) all grades combined. With a median follow-up of 19.5 months, the evolution was marked by 12 locoregional recurrences (21.4%), 8 metastatic relapses (14.5%) and 6 deaths (10%). Overall survival and local relapse-free survival rates were 76.6% and 64.5% at 3 years, respectively. Conclusion: Brachytherapy is essential in the optimal management of cervix cancer in advanced stages. Our institutional experience shows that it allows good local control and better overall survival. Interstitial brachytherapy could further improves these results in our context where tumors are advanced to diagnosis.
Survival Outcomes in Ovarian and Uterine Cancer Patients Receiving Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy: A Retrospective Comparison of Inpatient Versus Outpatient Settings
Objectives: Chemotherapy administration has largely shifted from inpatient to outpatient settings, offering benefits like increased patient comfort, fewer hospitalizations, and reduced costs. However, inpatient care remains crucial for patients needing direct observation, intensive side effect management, or those with significant medical comorbidities. Despite clinicians using their judgment and available guidelines to determine the best treatment setting, there's a notable scarcity of literature on outcomes between these settings, especially within gynecologic oncology. This study aimed to evaluate the survival differences of patients with endometrial and ovarian cancer who received neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) in either outpatient or inpatient settings. Methods: We identified and reviewed charts for 146 endometrial or ovarian cancer patients treated with NACT at Montefiore Medical Center between 2010 and 2023. This cohort comprised 47 patients in the inpatient group and 99 in the outpatient group. Results: Our findings indicated that the inpatient group had a higher mean ECOG performance status, received fewer chemotherapy cycles, and were less likely to undergo surgery. While initial analysis suggested poorer survival for the inpatient group (p = 0.019), this difference became statistically insignificant after controlling for various confounders. Conclusions: Despite initial indications of poorer outcomes for inpatient NACT, this difference was not statistically significant once confounding factors were addressed. These results provide important reassurance that inpatient chemotherapy, when clinically indicated, does not lead to inferior oncologic outcomes. Further research is essential to better understand optimal chemotherapy delivery and to identify and address obstacles to patient care.
Introduction: Squamous cell carcinoma is the second most common skin cancer, ranking behind basal cell carcinoma. Its incidence is approximately 20–25% of that of basal cell carcinoma. Squamous cell cancer arising in injured areas have a high propensity for metastases and local recurrence. Treatment options for squamous cell carcinoma are generally divided into excisional therapies and superficial ablative therapies. Tumor location, size, depth of invasion, and histologic differentiation affect treatment choices. All patients with squamous cell cancer require close follow-up to monitor for local recurrence and metastases. The chance of developing a second skin cancer within 5 years after treatment of the original basal cell or squamous cell cancers as high as 50%. Objective To assess the relation between the degree of the burn and skin squamous cell carcinoma cancer. To assess the latent period between burn and the developed skin squamous cell carcinoma cancer. To assess the incidence of metastasis from skin squamous cell carcinoma after burn, and the mostly site of metastasis. Materials and Methods: During the study period, fifty patients were targeted from 2200 burn patient who get skin cancer after burn. who were admitted to Al- Amal Oncology Center, Taiz, Yemen, between June 2014 and May 2017. Patients were eligible for inclusion (Any patient of any age and any gender, who had skin cancer after burn), for an descriptive cross-sectional. excluded based on the presence of synochronouse/ metachronous cancer. The statistical analysis was performed using SPSS (statistical package for social science), version 25. Data exhibited in figures and tables and summarized as percentages, frequencies, means and standard deviations. Results: 50 patients who have SCC from 2200 burn patients examined retrospectively. The number of SCC developing on burn scars among the 2200 burn cases was 50 (2.3%), The mean age was 45 ± 15.5 years, The highest percentage of patients ages was 50% and it was for the age group from 41 to 60 years. Forty-one of fifty SCCs cases with a percentage of 82% had suffered from third degree burns. Thirty of fifty SCCs cases with the percentage 60%, had 5- 10 years as latent Period between burn and carcinoma development. Twenty-nine of fifty SCCs cases with percentage of (58%) did not have metastasis, followed by 21 (42%) had a metastasis. And lung is the most common site of metastasis with about 10 (46%).
Surgical Treatment of Giant Hepatic Hemangioma in a Patient with Congenital Thoracic Scoliosis: A Case Report
Background: Hepatic Hemangioma (HH) is the most common benign primary hepatic neoplasm, which is usually asymptomatic and does not require intervention. The definition of a Giant HH is an HH with a size of more than 5 cm and symptomatic abdominal pain due to compression of adjacent organs. In this study, we report a rare case of giant HH in a young woman with congenital thoracic scoliosis, successfully treated via primary surgical resection guided by three-dimensional (3D) simulation. Case Report: We present the case of a 30-year-old woman who complained of various gastrointestinal symptoms occurring 4 months after the delivery of her second child. A series of examinations was done, which revealed two giant hemangiomas. The patient was planned for surgery, and the tumors were successfully resected. The patient was discharged after eight days of hospitalization without any severe complications. Conclusions: Giant HH patient with congenital thoracic scoliosis has not been reported in previous studies, we suggest that patients with giant HH should undergo surgical treatment when the diagnosis is made to reduce symptoms and prevent the risk of traumatic or iatrogenic rupture and this operation is not affected by her thoracic scoliosis. But we should make a detailed plan before surgery to performed liver resection.
Fatal Outcome in Lung Cancer with Rare Nasal Metastatic Spread:A Clinical Perspective
Cutaneous metastases to the nose are a rare manifestation of metastatic squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the lung. These metastases can present as either solitary or multiple lesions on the skin, and they may appear either fixed or mobile. Reports of cutaneous metastases from lung cancer specifically affecting the nose occur in 1-12% of cases [1]. In some instances, these cutaneous metastases can be the first indication of an underlying solid epithelial malignancy, often associated with a poor prognosis [2]. When these metastases occur on the nasal tip, they are sometimes referred to as “clown nose” due to their resemblance to a red, fake nose.
Radiopharmaceuticals and Theranostics: The High Road Ahead
Radiopharmaceuticals and Theranostics are transforming the medical landscape by offering precise, targeted diagnostic and therapeutic solutions. Implementing a successful radiopharmaceutical program in any institutional practice or trial setting requires meticulous planning across several domains and seamless integration with oncology workflows for timely and accurate patient care. This article explores the landscape, applications, regulatory considerations, infrastructural and operational requirements along with future directions for expanding these therapies into clinical settings.
From War to Compassion-A New Paradigm in Understanding Cancer
For decades, the prevailing narrative around cancer has been framed as a war a relentless battle between medicine and malignant cells. We speak of “fighting cancer,” “killing tumors,” and “defeating the disease,” projecting onto it an identity of hostility and invasion. While this language has served to mobilize research and treatment efforts, it may have also blinded us to a more profound and compassionate understanding of the biological and energetic nature of cancer.
A Rare Case of Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma Presenting as Chronic Nasolacrimal Duct Obstruction
Leukemic infiltration of the optic nerve is a rare but serious complication of hematologic malignancies, often leading to visual impairment. It can present with symptoms such as diplopia, vision loss, and proptosis, sometimes mimicking common ophthalmologic conditions like nasolacrimal duct obstruction. Due to its rarity, it is often misdiagnosed, delaying appropriate treatment.
Case Report: Hyperacute GVHD Presenting Solely with Genital Erosion in a 17-Year-Old Female
We report a case of a 17-year-old Saudi female who developed hyperacute graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) presenting primarily with genital erosions. While genital GVHD has been documented in the literature, this case is unique as it presents with genital lesions as the primary and sole manifestation. We hope this report sheds light on other cases that might be underreported and emphasizes the importance of considering genital GVHD in similar patients.
Comparison of Arccheck and Portal Dosimetry in dose Verification for Intensity Modulated Radiotherapy (IMRT) and Rapidarc Plans
This study compares Portal Dosimetry with the ArcCheck phantom for patient-specific QA of RapidArc and IMRT plans. The Electronic Portal Imaging Device (EPID) from Varian and the Eclipse Treatment Planning System (TPS) were used for portal dosimetry, while the ArcCheck cylindrical phantom from Sun Nuclear was used for phantom studies. Eclipse-TPS facilitated RapidArc and dynamic IMRT treatment planning and portal dosimetry (PD) for planar dose calculations. Two verification plans were created for each of the 12 patient plans, totaling 24 arcs delivered on two QA systems. The 12 plans, each with two arcs, were delivered on the EPID of the Varian TrueBeam Linac and the ArcCheck phantom. Planar dose matrices were analyzed using the global Gamma Index criteria of 2mm DTA and 2% dose difference. Measurements were performed using the Varian TrueBeam Linac mounted EPID (aS1200) with Portal dosimetry and the ArcCheck phantom with its software. The QA results from both methods were evaluated and compared. The maximum deviations of dose points (γ>1) were 2.9% and 2.2 CU in the ArcCheck phantom and Portal dosimetry, respectively. Mean and standard deviation values were lower in portal dosimetry than in phantom studies, attributed to the closely embedded chambers in the EPID compared to the detector spacing in the phantom. Both dosimetric QA systems are suitable for patient-specific QA of RapidArc or VMAT and IMRT treatments. With a 2%/2mm criterion, the average γ passing rates were over 98% for PD and over 95% for ArcCheck, with PD showing slightly higher consistency.
Copyright (c) 2024 Journal of Oncology Research Reviews & Reports
Improving the Aqueous Solubility of Taxol Through AlteringXLogP3
Taxol (generic name paclitaxel) is an antineoplastic drug used to treat breast, lung, and ovarian cancer. It performs exceptionally well against a wide variety of tumors, including B16 melanoma, L1210 and P388 leukemias, MX-1 mammary tumor, and CX-1 colon tumor xenografts. However, despite Taxol’s efficacy in antitumor activity, its aqueous solubility is extremely poor, decreasing its bioavailability and making it difficult for the body to absorb. The objective of this study is to improve the solubility of taxol, thus increasing the bioavailability of the drug in preventing cancer. By modifying the structure of taxol, four novel taxol derivatives were created with improved solubilities. Two of the derivatives were given an additional hydrogen donor and acceptor, and thus showed a pronounced positive change in solubility. The results of this work solve the issue of Taxol’s inadequate solubility and show potential in increasing absorption of the drug.
Giant Bilateral Adrenal Leiomyoma Case Report
Introduction: Adrenal leiomyoma is extremely rare and is thought to arise from the smooth muscle wall of the central adrenal vein and its branches; Clinically they may present as abdominal pain or flank pain. These tumors generally have a low biological potential. The surgical indication for adrenal tumors is based mainly on functionality and the risk of malignancy. Clinical Case: 39-year-old male, with no significant history. Who comes to the general surgery outpatient clinic due to the presence of progressive abdominal distension and long-term abdominal pain. An abdominopelvic CT scan was performed, which revealed bilateral, well-circumscribed tumor with heterogeneous characteristics located in the left and right adrenal area, negative functional tests. An exploratory laparotomy was performed, revealing two giant adrenal tumors, definitive study reporting bilateral adrenal leiomyoma. Conclusion: We present a rare case of bilateral primary adrenal leiomyoma of which no similar case was found in the reviewed literature. These tumors are very difficult to diagnose preoperatively. as they are often not counted in adrenal samples and clinical suspicion is very low. As a result, they are diagnosed postoperatively after pathological examination of the surgical specimen. At the moment, early and complete surgical resection is the main treatment.
Can Osmolytes TMAO and Glycerol Rescue Destabilized Temperature-Sensitive Mutants of P53?
Some 30-40% of oncogenic mutants of p53 are inactive because of low stability. Stabilization of such mutants is one route for novel anti-cancer drugs. The osmolytes glycerol and trimethylamine N-oxide stabilize all proteins by a combination of effects on solvent water and by direct interactions with proteins. It has been reported that protein instability defects in temperature-sensitive p53 mutants can be rescued in cell lines by the addition of low concentrations of those compounds. We measured the effects of glycerol and trimethylamine N-oxide on the thermal and kinetic stability of wild-type p53 and temperaturesensitive mutants in vitro and found that there were just negligible increases in stability at the concentrations reportedly used in cell lines. We found no rescue of mutants in H1299 cell lines at those reported concentrations. There was some stabilization at higher concentrations of glycerol and trimethylamine N-oxide in vitro but these concentrations were toxic to the cells. It would seem unlikely that the use of general osmloytes would be an effective strategy for the rescue of unstable mutants because even if they were effective at stabilizing p53, they would alter the proteostasis of the cell.
Advancement in Cancer Chemotherapy - An approach towards treatment with Traditional remedies
Cancer is a global health problem responsible for one in twenty deaths worldwide. Advancement in cancer chemotherapy includes surgery and radiotherapy have been in use while significant advances are being made in recent times including stem cell therapy, natural antioxidants, targeted therapy, radionics, nanoparticles, chemodynamic therapy, sonodynamic therapy and ferroptosis based therapy. The search for effective treatment has gained much significance in the development of modern chemotherapy and the use of herbal medicines in the treatment of cancer. These approaches offer different perspectives on cancer treatment each with its own set of advantages and disadvantages. In this chapter, we explore the potential of modern chemotherapy and herbal remedies, exploring their differences, effectiveness, side effects, accessibility, and potential for consolidation in the treatment of cancer.
Pembrolizumab and Campylobacter Jejuni Induced Guillain-Barré Syndrome in a Patient with Advanced Duodenal Adenocarcinoma: A Case Report and Literature Review
Neurological Immune Related Adverse Events (irAEs) secondary to Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors (ICI) are unncommon with an incidence of 1% to 5%. Among them, the Guillain Barré syndrome may be life-threatening and must be diagnosed early. We describe a clinical case of Guillain Barré Syndrom with a concomitant Campylobacter Jejuni colitis occurring after the first intravenous injection of pembrolizumab. A review of literature regarding the Guillain Barré syndrome after ICI use is added as a complementary source.
Revolutionizing Oncology Solutions with AI on Low-Code Platforms
Advancements in Artificial Intelligence (AI) have the potential to transform oncology, enabling personalized treatment, early detection, and improved patient outcomes. However, the traditional development of AI-driven solutions is often hindered by high costs, long development cycles, and the need for specialized expertise. Low-code platforms offer a promising solution by allowing healthcare professionals and developers to rapidly create, test, and deploy AI applications with minimal coding. This paper explores the integration of AI with low-code platforms in oncology, examining the benefits, challenges, and future implications. By leveraging these technologies, the healthcare industry can overcome significant barriers, making cutting-edge oncology solutions more accessible and scalable.
Recurrent Medulloblastoma: Complete Response and > than 21 Years and Five Months Overall Survival in a One-Year and Seven Month-Old Male Treated with Antineoplastons
Medulloblastomas arise in the posterior fossa, primarily in the region of the fourth ventricle. Recurrent medulloblastomas are high-risk and have a bad prognosis. Objectives: the case of a male child with recurrent, disseminated medulloblastoma is presented to detail the efficacy of ANP therapy (Antineoplaston A10 {Atengenal} and Antineoplaston AS2-1 {Astugenal}) in the treatment of high-risk medulloblastoma. This child was treated at the Burzynski Clinic (BC), as a Special Exception, according to Protocol BT-12, “Phase II Study of Antineoplastons A10 and AS2-1 in Children with Primitive Neuroectodermal Tumors”, with intravenous (IV) ANP therapy via a subclavian catheter and infusion pump. Tumor response was measured by sequential magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain with gadolinium enhancement. Findings: This child initially underwent tumor resection, placement of ventricular shunts, and chemotherapy, all performed elsewhere. Baseline MRI at the BC revealed recurrent, disseminated, and enhancing disease measuring 9.10 cm2 in total. IV ANP therapy began in March 2001 and ended in December 2002 after a complete response (CR) was achieved based on MRI criteria. Subsequently, the child received oral Antineoplastons as maintenance therapy, which were discontinued after eight months. At last follow-up, > 21 years and eight months since diagnosis and > 21 years and five months since the start of IV ANP therapy, the patient was well and showing no evidence of tumor recurrence. Conclusions: The utilization of ANP therapy to cure a patient with recurrent medulloblastoma is presented. We conclude that ANP therapy is an attractive therapeutic option for children with medulloblastoma.
A Case of an Ulcerative Plaque and Disruption of the Main Pulmonary Artery Architecture
A 75-year-old Caucasian male with no remarkable past medical history presented to the emergency department complaining of shortness of breath, chest pain, and dyspnea on exertion. His presentation prompted a computed tomography angiogram with reconstruction of the mediastinum (CTPA) and upon review of the image, a splitting or dissection of the main pulmonary artery was seen (Figure 1). This case is unique because it is potentially the first discussion of MPA dissection not due to COPD or CHF but lymphadenopathy caused by neoplasms and great vessel remodeling. Generally, main pulmonary artery (MPA) dissection is seen in patients with congenital heart defects and primary pulmonary hypertension but in this case, lymphoma is viewed as a possible cause due to the patient’s medical history indicating abdominal aorta lymphadenopathy and ulcerative plaques. MPA dissection has been linked to congestive heart failure or COPD in past cases but our patient in this case did not present with any findings linked to those conditions. The patient had little evidence of MPA dissection on prior readings on images done 6 months and 12 months ago– and the current presentation was only discovered incidentally. Our patient was stable and presented with unrelated symptomatology associated with MPA ulceration. It can explain otherwise labeled idiopathic causes of MPA dissection and has the potential to inform physicians and save lives.
Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor of Esophageal Location: A Rare Case with Surgical Discussion. Case Report and Literature Review
Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are rare mesenchymal neoplasms. They arise from the intestinal wall and usually present as subepithelial neoplasms in the stomach and small intestine; however, they can appear anywhere in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. Most of these tumors have mutations in KIT or platelet-derived growth receptor alpha (PDGFRA), while mutations in succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) or other genes are less frequent. New molecules have shown promising results in the therapy of these tumors.
Synchronous Multifocal Early Gastric Cancer: How Important is A Meticulous Endoscopic Examination? A Case Report and Literature Review
Introduction: The incidence rate of synchronous early gastric cancer is reported to be 5% to 15%, and several risk factors that increase its incidence have already been identified. Synchronous lesions are reported to be neglected in 32.4% of early gastric neoplasia cases. Method: Case report of a 75-year-old woman, with mucosa atrophy, intestinal metaplasia, with early gastric adenocarcinoma in antrum, CT staging without alterations, underwent surgical treatment using endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD). Results: The anatomopathological result demonstrated a lesion of 2 cm, a well-differentiated non-ulcerated adenocarcinoma, without lymphatic-vascular invasion, with a positive deep submucosal margin, eCURE C-2. A D1+ complementary laparoscopic partial gastrectomy was performed. The analyzes of the surgical specimens showed an ESD area of ulcer scar without tumor and another early gastric cancer (T1a) at 2.2 cm distance with normal mucosa between them. Thirty six lymph nodes were free of disease. Conclusion: In this case, the patient had 3 risk factors for synchronic injury, but it was only discovered during the salvage gastrectomy. Thorough endoscopy should be performed in all patients and even more so in patients with risk factors. Failure to recognize these lesions can result in evolution to advanced cancer.
Evaluation and Speech Therapy in Oncological Dysphagia and Paralysis of Recurrential Nerve: Case Report
Background: Dysphagia is a frequent and serious complication of oncological pathologies. It can occur in head and neck neoplasms undergoing demolitive surgery; but also as a complication of radiotherapy treatments of the same district. Aim: The description of this clinical case highlights how rehabilitation and speech therapy can improve oral nutritional skills. Materials and Methods: An intensive multidisciplinary rehabilitation was performed initially in hospitalization and then in an outpatient setting with postural and pharyngo-laryngeal district exercises. Conclusion: The results demonstrated an improvement in swallowing ability and maintenance of oral nutrition, albeit with modification of food consistency. There have been excellent results in improving the quality of life and maintaining the patient’s social and family skills.
Synergistic Effect of Simultaneous Testosterone Reduction and Selective Killing of Prostate Cancer Cells with Oral Bioavailable Curcumin Capsules May Ensure a Significant Drop in PSA Levelsfrom Abnormally High Levels Due to Confirmed MetastasizedProstate Cancer
In this century there have been 1000s of Pubmed listed publications making multiple claims about the potential health benefits of curcumin found in the curry spice, turmeric. A baby boomer male who was diagnosed with benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH), later after difficulty in urination, constriction of Urethra was treated with urethral catheterization. A year after BPH diagnosis, the PSA rose to 64 ng/ml and bone biopsy revealed prostate cancer cells, at which time a simultaneous combination treatment of Lupron depot and turmeric capsules from a pharmacy, containing curcumin was administered. 6 months after the combination treatment, the PSA level have remained well below average normal, around 0.3 ng/ml and the urination difficulties were resolved. While the noninvasive treatment without surgical removal of the prostate gland, has worked quite exceptionally for the time being, this report and review should be of broad interest for those who are involved in timely care of patients with enlarged prostate due to BPH, prostatitis, prostate cancer, and metastasized prostate cancer.
A Pilot Study to Analyse the Effectiveness of Dendritic Cell Immunotherapy in Ovarian Cancer
After breast and cervical cancers, ovarian cancer ranks third among gynaecological cancers in terms of prevalence. Those with metastatic ovarian cancer have a five-year survival rate of less than 27%. The likelihood of survival is almost 90% for people with confined or primary illness. In reality, only 20% of cancers are found at that early stage. Others were found after the tumour had already invaded the whole peritoneal cavity. Chemotherapy is ineffective against cancer cells at this stage, resulting in low survival rates and high recurrence rates. The ability of immune cells to eradicate cancerous cells is inhibited by ovarian tumours’ severe immunosuppressive nature and many immune-suppressing mechanisms. In addition to conventional therapy, dendritic cell immunotherapy has been shown to be one of the most effective ways to prevent recurrence and improve overall survival by utilising the immune system’s capacity to attack malignant cancers. We conducted a study on individuals with ovarian cancer while keeping in mind the tumour microenvironment and dendritic cell functionality in ovarian cancer. Individualized autologous dendritic cell immunotherapy was given to each patient. With regard to the response rate and overall survival, the study’s findings and ramifications are examined.
Colon Cancer with Thyroid Metastasis – A Case Report
Introduction: Metastasis in the thyroid itself, is unusual, represents 1.5-7.5% of malignant thyroid lesions and the original site of the colon is rare, around 0.1% incidence. The objective is to report the case of a patient diagnosed with colorectal cancer which progressed to thyroid disease. Case Report: It is a 62-year-old male patient who was being followed up at the Cancer Hospital of Londrina due to the resected colon neoplasm, which evolved with disease recurrence for the liver and lung and was controlled with systemic chemotherapy. It evolved with progression to thyroid and it was opted for diagnostic surgical resection. Conclusion: In the case demonstrated, it is a rare presentation of colon cancer metastasis and there is no current literature which would be a better therapeutic approach; surgery or palliative systemic chemotherapy. In this scenario, the importance of reporting cases little described in the literature may help in the decision of future conduct.
Reconstruction of Composite and Complex Head and Neck Defect Post Supra Major Oncological Resection by using Bilateral Pectoralis Major Myocutaneous Flap
Aim: The aim of study is to identify the outcome of Bilateral PMMC flaps for major Head and Neck defects following supra major oncological excision of growth. Study: Hospitals in India get many T4 Head & Neck malignancy. They are operated by Oncosurgeons but its reconstruction becomes challenging for the Plastic surgeons. We present a case series of reconstruction of major Head and Neck composite defect resulting from major post oncological resection where we have used Bilateral pectoralis major Myocutaneous flap to cover the resultant defect. Although microsurgical technique is available, but it’s costly. Pectoralis major flap is a robust flap, it requires lesser learning curve and lesser anaesthesia time, so the complications are less and healing is also faster. It is single stage surgery so that after healing Radiotherapy could be started as early as possible. Method: Fifteen patients since 2013 operated by chief surgeon were included in this study. After supra major excision of growth the inner lining was covered by contralateral PMMC and ipsilateral PMMC was used to cover the external defect. Conclusion: Bilateral PMMC flap is an answer to cover the defect following supra major excision of T4 Oral Malignancy. It is a pedicled flap, time taken is lesser than Microvascular Reconstruction and it could be done where microsurgical expertise is lacking. It is single stage surgery so radiation could be started early. So it’s a good answer to cover major post oncological surgical defect.