Journal of Ophthalmology Research Reviews & Reports
type: channel
description: Journal of Ophthalmology Research Reviews & Reports is an open access peer-reviewed journal from the publishers of Scientific Research and Community (SRC) which publishes articles in the form of written, video and power-point presentations from the arena of Ophthalmology Research Reviews & Reports. The journal focuses to build up accessing the complete content of articles freely from online for reader’s perusal. Article acceptance will be in the form of Research, Review, Case Reports, Analysis, Magazines, Editorials, Opinion, Communications, Mini-Review, Short Communications, Picturized, Book Review, Video Type and Power Point Presentations (PPTS). You may submit articles through online: https://www.onlinescientificresearch.com/submit-online or Email: opthamologyresearch@onlinescientificresearch.info
publisher: Scientific Research and Community
language: en
publication name: Journal of Ophthalmology Research Reviews & Reports
issn: 2754-4990
items: Improvement in Visual Acuity in a Patient with Nonsyndromic Retinitis Pigmentosa Following Combined Vision Therapy: A Case Report
items: Long-Term Outcomes of the Wies/Quickert Procedure with Horizontal Eyelid Shortening Versus Lateral Tarsal Strip with Everting Sutures for Involutional Entropion: A Retrospective Study
items: Managing and Preventing Neurotrophic Keratopathy after Laser Vision Correction
items: Comparison of Visual Outcome in Senile Cataract After Phacoemulsification and Manual Small Incision Cataract Surgery in a Tertiary Eye Hospital
items: Review of Deep Learning Applications in Myopic Choroidal OCT Segmentation
items: Mental Effects Aside, We Got to Handle Physical Dangers Too When it Comes to Digital Devices Like a Phone
items: How Snellen is Making People “Blinder”
items: Regional Burden of Cataract in Adult Population in Punjab
items: Case Report: Optic Nerve Glioma
items: Relationship between Socio Cultural Factors and Health Seeking Behaviour of the Visually Impaired in Eket Akwa Ibom State Nigeria
items: A Multidisciplinary Approach to Anaemic Retinopathy in a Young Female with Thalassemia Major
items: Management of Post-Keratoplasty Astigmatism: A Case Report on Long-Term Visual Rehabilitation with Small Aperture Lenses in Cataract Surgery
items: Monocular and Binocular Visual outcomes of an Enhanced Monofocal (Mono-EDOF) Intraocular Lens and the Impact of Pre-Operative Parameters
items: Rehabilitation Journey-Vision Recovery in Acquired Strabismus Following Post-Traumatic Retinal Detachment
items: Induced Dyslexia
items: Determination of Propranolol HCL in Pharmaceutical Preparations and Environmental Wastewater Samples Application to Content Uniformity Testing
items: Ancient Mysterious Herb Saffron and its Illuminative Phytochemicals Unus Herbal Luteum Pingere Pro Sanus Macula Lutea
items: Case Report-MOG Associated Disease
items: Informational - Regenerative - Medicine
items: Case Report: Choroidal Detachment following Trabeculectomy in a 60-Year-Old Female with Type 2 Diabetes
items: Fostering Trust and Effective Communication in Ophthalmology
items: CTK in an Uncomplicated Femto-LASIK from Possible Occupational Exposure
items: Epiretinal Membrane: Rock and Roll
items: https://srcpublishers.com/index.php/ophthalmology-research-reviews/article/view/4571
items: Double Vision as the Presenting Symptom of Metastatic Breast Cancer in an 83-Year-Old Lady
items: Evaluation of the Safety and Efficacy of Foldable One-Piece Intraocular Lens A1-UV for the Treatment of Cataracts: Summary of Two Clinical Trials
items: Longitudinal Monitoring of Normal Tension Glaucoma: A Case Report
items: The Effectiveness of Natural Honey in Improving Dry Eye Symptoms a Randomized Controlled Clinical Study
items: The Role of 8% C2F6 as an Alternative Gas Tamponade to SF6 in Vitreoretinal Surgery to Reduce Environmental Impact of Healthcare Services
items: Comparison Subjective and Objective Chromoretinoscopy

Improvement in Visual Acuity in a Patient with Nonsyndromic Retinitis Pigmentosa Following Combined Vision Therapy: A Case Report
type: item
description: Background: Retinitis Pigmentosa (RP) is a progressive hereditary retinal degenerative disorder characterized by photoreceptor loss, progressive visual field constriction, and eventual central vision impairment. We report a case of a 40-year-old female patient with retinitis pigmentosa presenting with headache, bilateral blurred vision (distance and near), poor hand-eye coordination, oculomotor dysfunction, dizziness, impaired object perception, night blindness, mobility limitations, and reading fatigue. Case Presentation: The initial examination indicated that the patient's unaided distance visual acuity was 6/60 in the right eye (OD) and 6/48P in the left eye (OS). The near vision was recorded as N36P in the right eye and N36 in the left eye. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) revealed bilateral foveal thinning accompanied by fine epiretinal membranes. The Humphrey visual field analysis (HVF 10-2) showed severe generalized depression, along with significant localized defects. The patient subsequently participated in a structured three-phased vision rehabilitation program, which included a total of 173 office-based sessions. The first phase lasted for 60 days, followed by 30 days of sessions each subsequent year. Results: Following combined vision therapy, the patient demonstrated remarkable improvement. Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) improved to 6/18+4 bilaterally, with near vision improving to N8P with reading glasses. Stereoacuity improved from flat fusion to 140 seconds of arc. Complete resolution of asthenopic symptoms, including diplopia, headache, eyestrain, and reading fatigue, was achieved. The patient reported enhanced functional independence, improved dark adaptation, better mobility, and increased reading efficiency. Conclusion: This longitudinal case study demonstrates significant visual acuity and binocularity and functional recovery in a patient with retinitis pigmentosa following structured, multimodal vision therapy. The success of combined th…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Retinitis Pigmentosa
  topic: keywords
subject: Vision Therapy
  topic: keywords
subject: Functional Vision Rehabilitation
  topic: keywords
subject: Syntonic Phototherapy
  topic: keywords
subject: Binocular Vision
  topic: keywords
subject: Visual Acuity Improvement
  topic: keywords
creator: Rajeev Prasad
creator: Sumon Kumar Sarkar
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Journal of Ophthalmology Research Reviews & Reports
date: 2025-12-26
publication date: 2025-12-26
starting page: 1
ending page: 7
doi: 10.47363/JORRR/2025(6)207

Long-Term Outcomes of the Wies/Quickert Procedure with Horizontal Eyelid Shortening Versus Lateral Tarsal Strip with Everting Sutures for Involutional Entropion: A Retrospective Study
type: item
description: Background: Involutional entropion is a common eyelid malposition in elderly patients and is associated with horizontal and vertical eyelid laxity. Several surgical techniques are available; however, data directly comparing their long-term outcomes are limited. Objective: To evaluate and compare long-term recurrence rates following the Wies/Quickert procedure with horizontal eyelid shortening and the Lateral Tarsal Strip (LTS) procedure combined with everting sutures. Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted of patients treated for involutional lower eyelid entropion between 2010 and 2021. Group 1 included eyes treated with the Wies/Quickert procedure combined with horizontal eyelid shortening. Group 2 included eyes treated with LTS and everting sutures. Both primary and revision cases were included. Follow-up was performed at 6, 12, and 36 months in both groups, with extended follow-up to 60 months in Group 1. Results: A total of 169 eyes were included (102 in Group 1, 67 in Group 2). Group 1 demonstrated no recurrences at 6, 12, or 36 months. One late recurrence (0.98%) was observed beyond 60 months. Group 2 showed no recurrences at 6 months, one recurrence (1.49%) at 12 months, and one recurrence (1.49%) at 36 months, resulting in a total recurrence rate of 2.98%. Conclusion: Both surgical techniques provide effective correction of involutional entropion with low recurrence rates. The Wies/Quickert procedure combined with horizontal eyelid shortening demonstrated excellent long-term anatomical stability, suggesting potential superiority in patients with combined horizontal and vertical eyelid laxity.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Involutional Entropion
  topic: keywords
subject: Wies Procedure
  topic: keywords
subject: Quickert Sutures
  topic: keywords
subject: Lateral Tarsal Strip
  topic: keywords
subject: Eyelid Laxity
  topic: keywords
subject: Recurrence
  topic: keywords
creator: Agnieszka Jaszczuk
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Journal of Ophthalmology Research Reviews & Reports
date: 2025-12-23
publication date: 2025-12-23
starting page: 1
ending page: 2
doi: 10.47363/JORRR/2025(6)210

Managing and Preventing Neurotrophic Keratopathy after Laser Vision Correction
type: item
description: A 45-year-old male presents for a refractive surgery consult with past medical history of a nasal tumor removal from the right sinus. His current regimen consists of icosapent ethyl (2g by mouth twice daily) for treatment of hypertriglyceridemia and lisinopril (10mg by mouth once daily) for treatment of hypertension. Patient’s BCVA is 20/20 OU with a manifest refraction of -4.25 +1.00 x 157º OD and -3.00 +0.25 x 035º OS. He wore contact lenses with a defocus of -0.50 D OD for near and a full correction OS for distance. Schirmer 1 test (anesthetized) shows 14 mm OD and 12 mm OS [1]. Corneal sensation OD was depressed while the OS was normal, and the patient did not report history of dry eye disease (Figure 1).
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Neurotrophic
  topic: keywords
subject: Keratopathy
  topic: keywords
subject: Laser Vision
  topic: keywords
creator: Karl Stonecipher
creator: Adrianna Bevis
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Journal of Ophthalmology Research Reviews & Reports
date: 2025-12-15
publication date: 2025-12-15
starting page: 1
ending page: 2
doi: 10.47363/JORRR/2025(6)209

Comparison of Visual Outcome in Senile Cataract After Phacoemulsification and Manual Small Incision Cataract Surgery in a Tertiary Eye Hospital
type: item
description: The goal is to compare the refractive state and visual results of phacoemulsification versus manual small incision cataract surgery. Techniques: One hundred patients with age-related cataracts, ages 50 to 90, from the cataract clinic at Chevron Eye Hospital and Research Center were part of a hospital-based prospective cross-sectional study. Between October 2024 and March 2025, 100 patients had phacoemulsification and manual small incision cataract surgery. Both groups' postoperative Best Corrected Visual Acuity (BCVA) and refractive status rates were compared. Findings: Of the 100 patients who had cataract surgery, 50 had microincision cataract surgery (MICS) and 50 had phacoemulsification (PHACO). There were 30 guys in the phacoemulsification group and 26 in the MICS group. The age range of the majority of patients (phacoemulsification: 58%, MICS: 52%) was 71–90 years. Compared to phacoemulsification (DM: 16%, HTN: 18%), systemic comorbidities were more prevalent in MICS (32%, 30%). Phacoemulsification had a higher combined DM and HTN rate (36%) than MICS (8%). The majority of cases were bilateral cataracts (80% phacoemulsification, 84% MICS). 54% (MICS) and 44% (phacoemulsification) had preoperative visual acuity of 6/6–6/18 (P < 0.001). 92% (phacoemulsification) and 80% (MICS) attained 6/6–6/18 at one month. Prior to surgery, dull responses were prevalent. MICS: 90%, phacoemulsification: 88%, and decreased after surgery. The most common postoperative refractive outcome was against-the-rule astigmatism (52% with phacoemulsification and 58% with MICS). Conclusion: Phacoemulsification and microincision cataract surgery both worked well to restore visual acuity, but after one month after surgery, phacoemulsification showed better visual results, especially in patients with systemic comorbidities. Refractive outcomes were similar across groups, with the most common being anti-rule astigmatism. When it comes to visual recovery, phacoemulsification might be superior to …
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Manual Small Incision Cataract Surgery
  topic: keywords
subject: Phacoemulsification
  topic: keywords
subject: Refractive Status
  topic: keywords
subject: Visual Acuity
  topic: keywords
creator: Ludmila Rudaba Mimfa
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Journal of Ophthalmology Research Reviews & Reports
date: 2025-10-23
publication date: 2025-10-23
starting page: 1
ending page: 4
doi: 10.47363/JORRR/2025(6)204

Review of Deep Learning Applications in Myopic Choroidal OCT Segmentation
type: item
description: The incidence of myopia among Chinese children has been rising annually, with a notable trend towards younger onset. The choroid, a critical vascular structure for ocular homeostasis, exhibits a significant relationship between variations in its Thickness (ChT) and the pathological advancement of myopia. Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT), with its high resolution and non-invasive characteristics, has emerged as an essential instrument for assessing myopic choroidal lesions. Automated choroidal segmentation underpins the quantitative analysis of OCT images, necessitating precise identification of Bruch's Membrane (BM) and the Choroid-Sclera Interface (CSI). Traditional manual annotation is labor-intensive and susceptible to considerable subjective bias, but Deep Learning (DL) offers a novel solution to this problem. This article evaluates the advancements in research within this domain: Among core models, Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) enhance boundary localization but experience spatial information loss; Fully Convolutional Networks (FCNs) facilitate end-toend segmentation yet lack instance-level segmentation capabilities; U-Net and its variants (e.g., Bio-Net, ADU-Net) are particularly adept at addressing the attributes of medical images. Mask R-CNN attains precise pixel-level predictions and demonstrates significant clinical applicability. In practical applications, targeting typical pathological changes such as ChT thinning, DL models enhance robustness through multi-directional optimization. Specifically, ADU-Net and GCS-Net tackle the problem of blurred boundaries, while multi-task models simultaneously perform segmentation and calculation. Comparative studies have shown that Mask R-CNN demonstrates the best performance in OCT image segmentation.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Deep Learning
  topic: keywords
subject: Myopia
  topic: keywords
subject: Choroid
  topic: keywords
subject: ChT
  topic: keywords
subject: OCT
  topic: keywords
creator: Ma Mengyao
creator: Bao Xiuli
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Journal of Ophthalmology Research Reviews & Reports
date: 2025-09-17
publication date: 2025-09-17
starting page: 1
ending page: 4
doi: 10.47363/JORRR/2025(6)203

Mental Effects Aside, We Got to Handle Physical Dangers Too When it Comes to Digital Devices Like a Phone
type: item
description: In today’s digital age, mobile phones have become an integral part of daily life, often used during rest or while lying in bed. However, what seems like a harmless habit can lead to significant injuries, especially involving the eyes. When a mobile device is held above the face in a reclining or supine position, the risk of accidental drops increases. During sleep or rest, muscle tone and grip strength naturally decrease, which can cause the phone to slip and fall. Such accidents, although seemingly minor, can result in ocular trauma, sometimes serious. This case underscores the real and growing risk of mobile phone-related eye injuries, calling attention to a widely overlooked issue in both public health and clinical practice.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Mental Effects
  topic: keywords
subject: Handle Physical Dangers
  topic: keywords
creator: Shreya Koul
creator: Rushali Khanna
creator: Anindya Anuradha
creator: Minakshi Dalal
creator: Harshita Dabral
creator: Madhuri Kurakula
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Journal of Ophthalmology Research Reviews & Reports
date: 2025-09-01
publication date: 2025-09-01
starting page: 1
ending page: 2
doi: 10.47363/JORRR/2025(6)202

How Snellen is Making People “Blinder”
type: item
description: After 15 years of mental, physical, and financial exhaustion, I FINALLY figured out how and why I was blinded by an Optometrist for four years starting in 2002, as well as why Dyop testing is superior to Snellen testing.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Blinder
  topic: keywords
subject: Vision
  topic: keywords
creator: Allan Hytowitz
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Journal of Ophthalmology Research Reviews & Reports
date: 2025-08-21
publication date: 2025-08-21
starting page: 1
ending page: 3
doi: 10.47363/JORRR/2025(6)201

Regional Burden of Cataract in Adult Population in Punjab
type: item
description: Introduction: Cataract is a major public health concern in India, especially among older people. There is an increase in backlog of blind eyes due to cataract especially in North India. Methodology: A prospective cross-sectional study was conducted in rural and urban areas in Punjab region from August 2023 to July 2024 at Sankara eye hospital Ludhiana. The study included male and female participants aged above 40 years with cataract. Patients with severe redness, some other pathological conditions, and also were unwilling to participate, and pediatric patients were excluded. The examination included demographic data, visual acuity measurement, refraction, and anterior segment examination. Cataract was graded by type and severity of opacity using the Lens Opacity Classification System III (LOCS III). Results: Total of 3003 individuals was screened in various camps, out of which 385 individuals were included in the study. Out of subjects, 20.11% were diagnosed to have cataract. Out of the 385 patients, 196 (51%) are male and 189 (49%) are female. Immature cataract was found to be most common (51%). The prevalence of cataract increased for aged 60 years and above. 40 individuals (10%) working indoor were diagnosed with cataract and around 152(40%) individuals were working in outdoor conditions. Univariate analysis of selected socioeconomic, demographic, dietary, and other variables suggested that a higher prevalence was associated with low education, working outdoors and non-vegetarian diet. Conclusion: The study found significant difference in cataract under intense UV radiation and a strong positive correlation between UV radiation and cataract. Workers exposed to bright light should have regular eye check up to prevent ocular problems. Geriatric population, outdoor workplace, low socioeconomic status was major risk factor for cataract.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Prevalence
  topic: keywords
subject: Cataract
  topic: keywords
subject: Immature
  topic: keywords
subject: Mature
  topic: keywords
creator: Shruti Dagar
creator: Gurpreet Singh
creator: Kirat pal
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Journal of Ophthalmology Research Reviews & Reports
date: 2025-07-04
publication date: 2025-07-04
starting page: 1
ending page: 3
doi: 10.47363/JORRR/2025(6)194

Case Report: Optic Nerve Glioma
type: item
description: Optic nerve gliomas are rare, typically low-grade tumors that arise from the glial cells of the optic nerve. They are most commonly diagnosed in children and are often associated with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1). This case report discusses the clinical presentation, diagnostic process, treatment, and outcomes of a patient with optic nerve glioma.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Optic Nerve
  topic: keywords
subject: Glioma
  topic: keywords
creator: Mohammad Khabbaz
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Journal of Ophthalmology Research Reviews & Reports
date: 2025-07-15
publication date: 2025-07-15
starting page: 1
ending page: 2
doi: 10.47363/JORRR/2025(6)200

Relationship between Socio Cultural Factors and Health Seeking Behaviour of the Visually Impaired in Eket Akwa Ibom State Nigeria
type: item
description: Introduction: Access to quality eye care services remains a major challenge for visually impaired individuals in many rural communities, especially in Nigeria. Socio-cultural factors, such as traditional beliefs and educational attainment, often influence health-seeking behavior, leading to the underutilization of formal health services. This study investigates the relationship between socio-cultural factors and the health-seeking behavior of visually impaired individuals in Eket Senatorial District of Akwa Ibom State. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 400 visually impaired individuals drawn from 12 Local Government Areas in the Eket Senatorial District. Using proportionate stratified random sampling, approximately 33 to 34 participants were selected from each LGA: Onna, Ibeno, Okobo, Oron, Mbo, Urue-Offong/Oruko, Udung Uko, Eket, Esit-Eket, Eastern Obolo, Mkpat-Enin, and Ikot Abasi. The sampling frame was based on the Akwa Ibom State Traditional Edict, which lists all communities in the state. From this frame, 50 communities were randomly selected. Data were collected using structured interviewer-administered questionnaires, and analyzed using descriptive statistics and the Pearson Chi-square test to assess associations between socio-cultural factors and health-seeking behavior. Results: The findings showed that educational level and cultural beliefs were the most significant socio-cultural factors influencing health-seeking behavior. A statistically significant association was observed between socio-cultural factors and health-seeking behavior (χ² = 89.56, p = 0.001). Notably, over 60% of respondents with no formal education preferred alternative care such as native doctors and prayer houses, while those with at least secondary education were more likely to seek care at certified eye clinics. Discussion: The findings indicate that a lack of awareness, educational limitations, and entrenched cultural beliefs contribute to the prefe…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Socio Cultural Factors
  topic: keywords
subject: Health Seeking Behavior
  topic: keywords
subject: Visually Impaired Individuals
  topic: keywords
subject: Chi Square Test
  topic: keywords
creator: Ohabuka Chukwudi John
creator: Dania Afe Victor
creator: Chris O Timothy
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Journal of Ophthalmology Research Reviews & Reports
date: 2025-07-08
publication date: 2025-07-08
starting page: 1
ending page: 6
doi: 10.47363/JORRR/2025(6)199

A Multidisciplinary Approach to Anaemic Retinopathy in a Young Female with Thalassemia Major
type: item
description: Anaemic retinopathy is often managed solely from an ophthalmic perspective overlooking the underlying systemic pathology. In our report we present a case of Thalassemia Major with secondary Anaemic Retinopathy, who was referred to us with a complaint of diminution of vision. Instead of going forward with any invasive ophthalmic procedure we explored conservative treatment options with a focus on managing the systemic pathology. This collaborative approach between different medical specialities helped in achieving near complete resolution of patient’s ocular condition and regaining the lost vision over a period of six months.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Systemic Anaemic Retinopathy
  topic: keywords
subject: Thalassemia Major
  topic: keywords
subject: Retinal Haemorrhage
  topic: keywords
subject: OCT
  topic: keywords
subject: FFA
  topic: keywords
creator: Dhaivat Shah
creator: Tushaar Chaudhary
creator: Hrishikesh Jawanjal
creator: Rinal Pandit
creator: Tina Damani
creator: Ayushi Choudhary
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Journal of Ophthalmology Research Reviews & Reports
date: 2025-06-20
publication date: 2025-06-20
starting page: 1
ending page: 3
doi: 10.47363/JORRR/2025(6)198

Management of Post-Keratoplasty Astigmatism: A Case Report on Long-Term Visual Rehabilitation with Small Aperture Lenses in Cataract Surgery
type: item
description: A 67-year-old male with a history of bilateral corneal transplants for keratoconus in 1984 presented with nuclear sclerosis and posterior subcapsular cataracts in both eyes, likely secondary to prolonged topical steroid use and age.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Irregular Astigmatism
  topic: keywords
subject: Corneal Transplantation
  topic: keywords
subject: Cataract
  topic: keywords
subject: Small Aperture Intraocular Lens
  topic: keywords
creator: Karl Stonecipher
creator: Maya Goyal
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Journal of Ophthalmology Research Reviews & Reports
date: 2025-06-09
publication date: 2025-06-09
starting page: 1
ending page: 2
doi: 10.47363/JORRR/2025(6)196

Monocular and Binocular Visual outcomes of an Enhanced Monofocal (Mono-EDOF) Intraocular Lens and the Impact of Pre-Operative Parameters
type: item
description: Background: Enhanced monofocal Intraocular Lenses (IOLs) offer improved intermediate vision while maintaining high contrast sensitivity. The RayOne EMV and EMV Toric IOLs leverage controlled positive spherical aberration to enhance depth of focus, making them suitable for monovision strategies. This study evaluates the impact of preoperative parameters — corneal Spherical Aberration (SA), Higher-Order Aberrations (HOAs), and Chang Waring chord (CW-chord)-on monocular and binocular vision outcomes following implantation with primarily mini-monovision refractive targeting. Methods: This retrospective, single-center study analyzed 147 eyes of 74 patients implanted with RayOne EMV or EMV Toric IOLs. Patients were categorized into four refractive target groups (bilateral emmetropia, mini-monovision, modest monovision and full monovision). Preoperative SA, HOAs, and CW-chord were measured and classified as high or low. Uncorrected Distance (UDVA), Corrected Distance (CDVA), and Uncorrected Near Visual Acuity (UNVA) were assessed at one-month follow-up. Results: Mini-monovision patients achieved high levels of UDVA (80.4% at 6/6 or better) and UNVA (84% at N8 or better). Preoperative SA and CW-chord showed no significant correlation with postoperative UDVA, UNVA, or CDVA (p>0.05). However, higher preoperative HOAs were associated with reduced CDVA (correlation coefficient = +0.26, p<0.05), suggesting a mild impact on best-corrected visual acuity. Conclusion: SA and CW-chord had minimal influence on postoperative vision, while higher HOAs were linked to reduced CDVA. These findings support the effectiveness of enhanced monofocal IOLs and highlight the need for further research on preoperative predictors to refine patient selection and optimize outcomes. Clinical Relevance: Assessing certain preoperative parameters may enhance surgical planning and visual outcome predictability in patients receiving this enhanced monofocal IOL.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Monocular
  topic: keywords
subject: Binocular Visual
  topic: keywords
subject: Monofocal
  topic: keywords
subject: Intraocular Lens
  topic: keywords
creator: David Gunn
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Journal of Ophthalmology Research Reviews & Reports
date: 2025-05-14
publication date: 2025-05-14
starting page: 1
ending page: 8
doi: 10.47363/JORRR/2025(6)193

Rehabilitation Journey-Vision Recovery in Acquired Strabismus Following Post-Traumatic Retinal Detachment
type: item
description: Background: This case report examines the rehabilitation of a 21-year-old male with acquired strabismic amblyopia and permanent retinal alterations following childhood trauma and retinal detachment surgery, a scenario rarely documented in ophthalmic literature. The patient’s complex presentation-marked by severe vision loss, constant exotropia, and suppression-highlights the challenges of restoring functional vision in post-traumatic cases with structural damage. Case Presentation: Initial evaluation revealed right-eye visual acuity of 2/60, exotropia of 45 prism diopters, and absent stereopsis, alongside a macular hole and peripheral vision loss (VFI: 66%). A structured, three-phase vision therapy protocol was implemented: 1) Monocular therapy (foveal tagging, Ambi-iNET, SVI Rotator, MIT-2) to stabilize fixation and enhance oculomotor control; 2) Anti-suppression training (MFBF, Red-Blue Binocular Reading, Brock string) to promote binocular integration; and 3) Binocular vergence therapy (HoloLens VTS4, Tranaglyph cards, Syntonics) to refine sensory and motor fusion. Results: After 116 in-office sessions, visual acuity improved to 6/18, exotropia reduced to 6–8 prism diopters, and stereopsis emerged at 200 seconds of arc. Oculomotor metrics via HoloLens VTS4 demonstrated 91% saccadic and 94% pursuit accuracy, while NPC improved to 14/17 cm. Functional gains included enhanced comfort during computer use and newfound ability to perceive 3D media. Conclusion: This case challenges conventional prognostic assumptions by demonstrating significant functional recovery despite irreversible retinal damage. The success of the multimodal approach-integrating traditional techniques with immersive technologies-underscores the potential of tailored vision therapy to restore binocularity and quality of life in complex post-traumatic cases. These findings advocate for expanded research into structured rehabilitation protocols for patients with similar structural and functional defic…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Rehabilitation
  topic: keywords
subject: Vision
  topic: keywords
subject: Retinal Detachment
  topic: keywords
subject: Strabismus
  topic: keywords
creator: Rajeev Prasad
creator: Sumon Kumar Sarkar
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Journal of Ophthalmology Research Reviews & Reports
date: 2025-05-23
publication date: 2025-05-23
starting page: 1
ending page: 6
doi: 10.47363/JORRR/2025(6)195

Induced Dyslexia
type: item
description: Vision is a complex process combining the stimulus matrix of the photoreceptors, the transient acuity adjustment of the lenses of the eyes, and the pattern of the image as stored in the brain [1-3].
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Induced Dyslexia
  topic: keywords
creator: Allan Hytowitz
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Journal of Ophthalmology Research Reviews & Reports
date: 2025-05-02
publication date: 2025-05-02
starting page: 1
ending page: 4
doi: 10.47363/JORRR/2025(6)192

Determination of Propranolol HCL in Pharmaceutical Preparations and Environmental Wastewater Samples Application to Content Uniformity Testing
type: item
description: A Newly developed analysis method for the simple, accurate, precise, rapid, economical and sensitive Ultraviolet spectrophotometric method has been developed for the determination of Propranolol Hydrochloride in pharmaceutical preparations and environmental wastewater samples, which shows maximum absorbance at 290 nm in methanol. Beer's law was obeyed in the range of 2.5 -50 µg/ ml, with molar absorptivity of 5.92×103 L.mol-1.cm1, relative standard deviation of the method was less than 1.5%, and accuracy (average recovery %) was 100 ± 0.9. No interference was observed from common excipients and additives often accompany with Propranolol Hydrochloride in pharmaceutical preparations. The method was successfully applied to the determination of Propranolol Hydrochloride in some pharmaceutical formulations (tablets) and industrial wastewater samples. The proposed method was validated by sensitivity and precision which proves suitability for the routine analysis of Propranolol Hydrochloride in true samples.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Propranolol Hydrochloride
  topic: keywords
subject: Spectrophotometry
  topic: keywords
subject: Pharmaceutical Preparations
  topic: keywords
subject: Environmental Samples
  topic: keywords
creator: Nief Rahman Ahmad
creator: Ghfran Naif Rahman
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Journal of Ophthalmology Research Reviews & Reports
date: 2025-04-07
publication date: 2025-04-07
starting page: 1
ending page: 4
doi: 10.47363/JORRR/2025(6)190

Ancient Mysterious Herb Saffron and its Illuminative Phytochemicals Unus Herbal Luteum Pingere Pro Sanus Macula Lutea
type: item
description: An ancient esoteric plant, Saffron (Crocus Sativus Linnaeus) with purple flower acts as a yellow dye and it has been used for culinary, medical, spiritual, religious and industrial purposes throughout the history. Furthermore, many studies indicate that bioactive carotenoid substances of saffron such as crocin, crocetin, and safranal, might have potential therapeutic effects with high potency against various neurological or metabolic disorders.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Unus Herbal Luteum
  topic: keywords
subject: Pingere Pro Sanus
  topic: keywords
subject: Phytochemicals
  topic: keywords
creator: Cuneyt Karaarslan
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Journal of Ophthalmology Research Reviews & Reports
date: 2025-03-11
publication date: 2025-03-11
starting page: 1
ending page: 2
doi: 10.47363/JORRR/2025(6)191

Case Report-MOG Associated Disease
type: item
description: Purpose: To report a case of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder – MOG Associated Disease (MOGAD) presented to tertiary care center at western Vidarbha region in Maharashtra Case Report: We described a case of neuromyelitis optica a 28 years old female presented to our hospital with complaints of diminution of vision in right eye since 15 days. History of cough, cold, fever, redness & watering of right eye 1 month ago. Diagnosed as case of MOGAD at a tertiary care centre with relevant investigations. She underwent conservative medical management and relieved. Results: We diagnosed case as MOGAD based on antibody assay (anti MOG-Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein-Positive). Conclusion: Neuromyelitis optica is a chronic autoimmune disease. Anti MOG antibodies are produced in 7.4 % of patients. It is now classified as MOGAD.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: MOG
  topic: keywords
subject: Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorders
  topic: keywords
creator: Nikhat Tamboli
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Journal of Ophthalmology Research Reviews & Reports
date: 2025-02-20
publication date: 2025-02-20
starting page: 1
ending page: 2
doi: 10.47363/JORRR/2025(6)189

Informational - Regenerative - Medicine
type: item
description: Regeneration is the Strength, the Continuation and Perpetration of Life. The Regeneration of our Stem Cells is the key to explain our Life, whose length depends from their Operative Condition to repair damaged cells and substitute the dead ones, in a normal life. Real Science could face and resolve many Human Health problems. If the Researcher will study the Natural Biological Programs and try to restore and reactivate them for a Correct Biological Function.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Prana - Orgone = Life-Energy
  topic: keywords
subject: Experimental Life Energy Machine: An electronic machine that shows over an analog-Dial the quantity of “Life-Energy”. That can be normal, ipo, iper
  topic: keywords
creator: Massimo Lombardi
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Journal of Ophthalmology Research Reviews & Reports
date: 2025-01-10
publication date: 2025-01-10
starting page: 1
ending page: 2
doi: 10.47363/JORRR/2025(6)188

Case Report: Choroidal Detachment following Trabeculectomy in a 60-Year-Old Female with Type 2 Diabetes
type: item
description: This case report describes a rare complication of choroidal detachment following trabeculectomy in a 60-year-old female with type 2 diabetes. The patient, on-compliant with her diabetes medication regimen, presented with elevated Intraocular Pressure (IOP) and glaucomatous optic neuropathy. preoperative examination revealed open-angle glaucoma with a Shaffer grade of 30 degrees, optic nerve cupping, haemorrhage, and a cup-to-disc ratio greater than 0,7 Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) confirmed non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy. trabeculectomy with an inverted scleral flap valve mechanism was performed under local anaesthesia. postoperatively, the patient experienced severe leakage from the surgical site, followed by choroidal detachment one-day post-surgery, presenting with blurred vision, scotoma, pain, photophobia, shallow anterior chamber, and low IOP (3mm HG). B scan ultrasonography revealed a large anterior, serous choroidal detachment. OCT showed choroidal thickening and hypo reflective areas consistent with fluid accumulation. initial management included a pressure patch, cycloplegics, intravenous fluids, and IOP-lowering medications. Surgical intervention was also performed. close monitoring, close monitoring and follow-up examinations with IOP measurements, B scan, and OCT documented progressive resolution of the choroidal detachment over one year. Final assessment indicated complete resolution with stable IOP and no significant visual impairment. this case highlights the risk of choroidal detachment, particularly in patients with diabetes, even after seemingly uncomplicated trabeculectomy. it emphasizes the importance of meticulous surgical technique, vigilant postoperative monitoring, and prompt management to minimise vision- threatening complications.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Choroidal Detachment
  topic: keywords
subject: Trabeculectomy
  topic: keywords
subject: Glaucoma
  topic: keywords
subject: Diabetes
  topic: keywords
subject: Complications
  topic: keywords
subject: B- Scan
  topic: keywords
subject: Ultrasonography
  topic: keywords
subject: Optical Coherence Tomography
  topic: keywords
subject: Hypotony
  topic: keywords
subject: Case Report
  topic: keywords
creator: Sayed Mostafa Reza Borsi
creator: Mostafa Ibrahim
creator: Mahmoud Rajab
creator: Taym Darwish
creator: Najwa kurdagly
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Journal of Ophthalmology Research Reviews & Reports
date: 2024-12-14
publication date: 2024-12-14
starting page: 1
ending page: 5
doi: 10.47363/JORRR/2024(5)185

Fostering Trust and Effective Communication in Ophthalmology
type: item
description: Building trust with ophthalmology patients begins with authentic, personalized communication. Patients often approach eye care with anxiety or uncertainty, making it essential to connect on a human level. Taking the time to understand their unique concerns and goals establishes a foundation of mutual respect, which can greatly enhance the quality of care and long-term outcomes.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Fostering Trust
  topic: keywords
subject: Ophthalmology Patients
  topic: keywords
creator: Adnan Hussain
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Journal of Ophthalmology Research Reviews & Reports
date: 2024-12-18
publication date: 2024-12-18
starting page: 1
ending page: 1
doi: 10.47363/JORRR/2024(5)186

CTK in an Uncomplicated Femto-LASIK from Possible Occupational Exposure
type: item
description: Introduction: A 22-year-old myopic male presented for LASIK. The patient’s work environment, in the pet cremation services industry, is prone to jobrelated dust and other particles. After an incident-free LASIK, grade 1 Diffuse Lamellar Keratitis (DLK) was found in the patient’s left eye the next day, along with a UCVA of 20/50; the right eye showed signs of inferior punctate keratopathy but was otherwise normal. By day 3, the DLK had progressed to grade 4, also described as Central Toxic Keratopathy (CTK), with mud-crack striae visible despite aggressive hourly topical steroids. Methods: Case report, incidence report, and literature review. Results: The patient developed Central Toxic Keratopathy (CTK) in the left eye with a noted hyperopic shift in refraction and mud crack appearance after LASIK on postoperative day 3. Treatment involved hourly topical Difluprenate .05% and Gatifloxacin 0.3%; in addition, a dexamethasone ophthalmic insert (Dextenza®, Ocular Therapeutix, Bedford, MA) was placed in the left eye, with complete resolution occurring within two weeks. Conclusion: This case demonstrates the use of a dexamethasone ophthalmic insert (Dextenza®, Ocular Therapeutix, Bedford, MA) as a potential treatment of rapidly progressing DLK.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Diffuse Lamellar Keratitis
  topic: keywords
subject: Refractive Surgery
  topic: keywords
subject: Surgical Complications
  topic: keywords
subject: Cornea
  topic: keywords
creator: Karl Stonecipher
creator: Henry Amis
creator: Ben Likins
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Journal of Ophthalmology Research Reviews & Reports
date: 2024-12-23
publication date: 2024-12-23
starting page: 1
ending page: 3
doi: 10.47363/JORRR/2024(5)187

Epiretinal Membrane: Rock and Roll
type: item
description: A 54-year-old female presented 6 months before with complaints of metamorphosia and diminution of vision in both eyes. She had bilateral cellophane maculopathy and was advised observation. 6 months later, patient presented to us with history of blunt trauma to the left eye with a rock. Macula showed a curled over sigmoid shaped membrane in the left eye. OCT confirmed a rolled over epiretinal membrane. The spontaneous release of ERM can be attributed to various factors like PVD, remodeling of the membrane as well as sudden fluctuation in intraocular pressure.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Epiretinal Membrane
  topic: keywords
subject: Cellophane Maculopathy
  topic: keywords
subject: Auto Peeling
  topic: keywords
subject: Vitreo Macular Traction
  topic: keywords
subject: Posterior Vitreous Detachment
  topic: keywords
subject: Trauma
  topic: keywords
creator: Dhaivat Shah
creator: Bennet Chacko Mathew
creator: Tina Damani
creator: Rinal Pandit
creator: Milind Rokade
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Journal of Ophthalmology Research Reviews & Reports
date: 2024-11-29
publication date: 2024-11-29
starting page: 1
ending page: 2
doi: 10.47363/JORRR/2024(5)184

https://srcpublishers.com/index.php/ophthalmology-research-reviews/article/view/4571
type: item
title: A Retrospective Analysis of the Long-Term Safety and Efficacy of A1-UV Intraocular Lens Combined with Capsular Tension Ring in the Treatment of Patients with Cataract and Suspensory Ligament Abnormalities
description: Objective: To evaluate the long-term safety and efficacy of the combination therapy of A1-UV Intraocular Lens (IOL) and Capsular Tension Ring (CTR) for cataract patients with abnormal suspensory ligaments. Method: Retrospective data analysis. Extract all patient information related to A1-UV IOL and 920H IOL from the existing Clinical Trial Database of CTR to form a new dataset. The new dataset focuses on IOL and the clinical safety and efficacy of A1-UV IOL and 920H IOL combined with CTR was compared and analyzed based on it. The follow-up time points include 1-2 days, 1 week, 1 month, 3 months, 6 months and 1 year. Evaluation indicators include Best-Corrected Distance Visual Acuity (BCDVA), Uncorrected Distance Visual Acuity (UCDVA), spherical power, cylindrical power, Equivalent Spherical power (SE), Intraocular Pressure (IOP), corneal endothelial cell density, inflammatory response, Adverse Events (AE) and Serious Adverse Events (SAE). Statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS 22.0 software. All statistical tests are conducted using a two-sided test, and a P-value less than 0.05 is considered statistically significant for the difference being tested. Compare the quantitative data using t-test or Wilcoxon rank-sum test. Compare count data using chi-square test or Fisher's exact probability. Results: The number of cases in the A1-UV group and 920H group were both 27 (monocular), with an average age of 68.46 ± 6.93 years old and 70.27 ± 10.95 years old, respectively. The sample sizes at 6 months and 1 year after surgery were 26 cases (96.30%) and 21 cases (77.77%) in the A1-UV group, respectively, while the 920H group consisted of 26 cases (96.30%) and 22 cases (81.48%), respectively. The use of two types of IOLs combined with CTRs can significantly improve BCDVA and UCDVA (both P<0.05). The differences between the groups during each follow-up period were not statistically significant (all P>0.05). The average residual spherical power, residual cylindrical power…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Capsular Tension Ring
  topic: keywords
subject: Intraocular Lens
  topic: keywords
subject: Long Term Follow-Up
  topic: keywords
subject: Safety
  topic: keywords
subject: Efficacy
  topic: keywords
creator: Tian Yun
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Journal of Ophthalmology Research Reviews & Reports
date: 2024-11-07
publication date: 2024-11-07
starting page: 1
ending page: 6
doi: 10.47363/JORRR/2024(5)183

Double Vision as the Presenting Symptom of Metastatic Breast Cancer in an 83-Year-Old Lady
type: item
description: Breast cancer is the most common type of malignant tumor that occurs in women. Despite this, physicians report that they screen elderly patients for breast cancer less than young patients, regardless of cancer history. This case report describes an elderly patient who presented with diplopia, eyelid swelling, and restricted eye movement, leading to the discovery of a diffuse orbital tumor and Stage IV left breast carcinoma with metastases to bone, liver, and peritoneum. The patient had been told to stop mammograms years prior to her diagnosis despite her past history of uterine cancer. The case underscores the possibility of orbital metastasis from breast cancer and highlights the necessity of diligent cancer screening in elderly women.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Metastatic Breast Cancer
  topic: keywords
subject: Orbital Tumor
  topic: keywords
subject: Diplopia
  topic: keywords
subject: Cancer Screening
  topic: keywords
creator: Dylan Sherrill
creator: Nafiseh Hashemi
creator: Esmeralda Menjivar
creator: Aren Kasparian
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Journal of Ophthalmology Research Reviews & Reports
date: 2024-10-14
publication date: 2024-10-14
starting page: 1
ending page: 3
doi: 10.47363/JORRR/2024(5)182

Evaluation of the Safety and Efficacy of Foldable One-Piece Intraocular Lens A1-UV for the Treatment of Cataracts: Summary of Two Clinical Trials
type: item
description: Objective: Through the combined analysis of data from two clinical trials, the clinical safety and efficacy of aspheric intraocular lens A1-UV implantation in cataract patients was evaluated at 1 year after surgery. Methods: A total of 239 subjects (239 eyes) were enrolled, including 117 subjects in the A1-UV group (study group), 61 subjects in the SN60WF group (control group 1) and AQBHL group (control group 2), respectively. Follow-up time points included: preoperative, intraoperative and postoperative 1~2days, 1 week, 1 month, 3 months, 6 months and 1 year. The evaluation indexes included: visual acuity, refraction, contrast sensitivity, intraocular pressure and complications. Statistical methods mainly include Wilcoxon rank-sum test, independent samples t-test, chi-square test or Fisher exact probability test. Results: The uncorrected distance visual acuity of the A1-UV group increased from logMAR 0.77±0.33 preoperatively to 0.15±0.22 at 1 year after surgery, from 0.74±0.33 in the SN60WF group to 0.18±0.23 at 1 year after surgery, and from 0.78±0.34 in the AQBHL group to 0.21±0.24 at 1 year after surgery. For best-corrected distance visual acuity, the A1-UV group increased from logMAR 0.60±0.36 preoperatively to 0.05±0.10 at 1 year after surgery, the SN60WF group increased from 0.59±0.36 preoperatively to 0.07±0.15 at 1 year after surgery, and the AQBHL group increased from 0.59±0.35 preoperatively to 0.08±0.11 at 1 year after operation. There was no significant difference between the A1-UV group and the other two groups (all P>0.05). At different follow-up times after surgery, the residual diopters was significantly lower than that before operation (all P<0.05), and the refractive error before operation was effectively corrected. The contrast sensitivity was high, and the visual function was better. The mean intraocular pressure of the subjects implanted with A1-UV was within the normal range during each follow-up period after surgery. None of the patients had …
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Aspheric Intraocular Lens
  topic: keywords
subject: Efficacy
  topic: keywords
subject: Safety
  topic: keywords
creator: Tian Yun
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Journal of Ophthalmology Research Reviews & Reports
date: 2024-10-10
publication date: 2024-10-10
starting page: 1
ending page: 7
doi: 10.47363/JORRR/2024(5)181

Longitudinal Monitoring of Normal Tension Glaucoma: A Case Report
type: item
description: Normal Tension Glaucoma (NTG) is a sub-type of primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) with Intraocular Pressure (IOP) lower than or equal to 21mmHg. It is diagnosed when optic disc cupping, visual field testing and Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) show corresponding findings of progressive optic neuropathy. Once NTG is diagnosed, treatment focusing on lowering the IOP is usually given to slow down the NTG progression. However, the progression can sometimes be so slow that no medical or surgical interventions are required. A 55-year-old Chinese woman was diagnosed to have NTG, but she only has had occasional follow-ups at an ophthalmology centre with no treatment initiated. Very slow progression has been observed in both eyes over 17 years. This case report demonstrates the natural history of NTG and shows that medication and/or surgery are sometimes not necessary.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Normal Tension Glaucoma
  topic: keywords
subject: Vision-Related Quality of Life
  topic: keywords
subject: Collaborative Eye Care
  topic: keywords
creator: George C Woo
creator: Lena HY Li
creator: Victor CP Woo
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Journal of Ophthalmology Research Reviews & Reports
date: 2024-09-09
publication date: 2024-09-09
starting page: 1
ending page: 6
doi: 10.47363/JORRR/2024(5)180

The Effectiveness of Natural Honey in Improving Dry Eye Symptoms a Randomized Controlled Clinical Study
type: item
description: Objective: The aim of this study is to investigate the effectiveness of natural honey in improving dry eye symptoms. Method: 100 patients with dry eye were divided into two equal groups. The intervention group used one drop of natural honey in the eye daily for two weeks, and the control group used a placebo (distilled water). Before and after the intervention, Schirmer, Break-up Time (BUT), and Fluorescein tests were performed to evaluate the function of the lacrimal glands and the corneal condition. Also, a questionnaire was used to assess the severity of dry eye symptoms and patient satisfaction. Results: The study showed that the use of natural honey led to a significant improvement in dry eye symptoms. Schirmertest, the average tear secretion in the intervention group significantly increased from 5 mm per minute to 8 mm per minute after treatment (p<0.01). In the BUT test, the average tear film stability time in the intervention group significantly increased from 5 seconds to 10 seconds after treatment (p<0.01). Fluorescein test, the degree of corneal surface dryness in the intervention group significantly decreased from 3+ to 1+ after treatment (p<0.01). Conclusion: This study shows that natural honey can be considered as a complementary treatment for dry eye. The use of honey has led to a significant improvement in dry eye symptoms and high patient satisfaction. These results suggest that natural honey can be an effective and safe treatment option for patients with dry eye
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Natural Honey
  topic: keywords
subject: Dry Eye
  topic: keywords
subject: Complementary Treatment
  topic: keywords
creator: Seyed Mostafa Reza Borsi
creator: Mahmoud Ahmed Rajab
creator: Afraa Salman
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Journal of Ophthalmology Research Reviews & Reports
date: 2024-08-12
publication date: 2024-08-12
starting page: 1
ending page: 4
doi: 10.47363/JORRR/2024(5)179

The Role of 8% C2F6 as an Alternative Gas Tamponade to SF6 in Vitreoretinal Surgery to Reduce Environmental Impact of Healthcare Services
type: item
description: The use of air as an intraocular tamponade was first described by Ohm in 1911 where two patients with retinal detachments were successfully treated with intravitreal injections of air as an adjunct, although the term “tamponade” was not used [1].
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Gas Tamponade
  topic: keywords
subject: Vitreoretinal Surgery
  topic: keywords
subject: Healthcare Services
  topic: keywords
creator: Fong May Chew
creator: Lona Jawaheer
creator: Haifa Madi
creator: Edward Hughes
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Journal of Ophthalmology Research Reviews & Reports
date: 2024-08-09
publication date: 2024-08-09
starting page: 1
ending page: 5
doi: 10.47363/JORRR/2024(5)178

Comparison Subjective and Objective Chromoretinoscopy
type: item
description: Subjective duochrome (chromoretinoscopy) is a method of analyzing the refraction of light in the eye using a small, hand-held device called a duochrome. The device consists of a light source and two filters; one red and other is green. The light is shone into the eye, and the filters are used to measure the amount of light that is absorbed or scattered by the eye. It relies on the observations and interpretation of the person performing the test. The results of the test can be influenced by factors such as the skill and experience of the person performing the test, as well as the patient's cooperation and willingness to follow instructions. Objective duochrome (chromoretinoscopy) is a method of analyzing the refraction of light in the eye using an automated device. The device uses a light source and two filters, similar to the subjective duochrome, but it also includes a computerized system for measuring and analyzing the results. It relies on the automated measurement and analysis of the results, rather than on the observations and interpretation of the person performing the test. As a result, it is generally considered to be more accurate and reliable than subjective duochrome chromoretinoscopy. To compare retinoscopy using colored filters (chromo-retinoscopy) with the conventional subjective duochrome method. All people between the ages of 16-35 years are included in this study whose responses are reliably taken in the subjective part of this study. Emmetropic, any kind of ametropic people have included in the study. The people were excluded with variable or unreliable responses, having any ocular pathology, and tired and irritated people. The difference between subjective and objective duochrome tests is 0.006 diopters. Statistically, this is not a significant difference. The objective duochrome technique (chromoretinoscopy) yields highly correlating values to subjective duochrome values. Thus, this technique can be relied on and can be added as a part of regula…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Retinoscopy
  topic: keywords
subject: Chromo Retinoscopy
  topic: keywords
subject: Optometric Examination
  topic: keywords
subject: Defogging Procedure
  topic: keywords
subject: Regular Workup
  topic: keywords
creator: Raj Kumar
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Journal of Ophthalmology Research Reviews & Reports
date: 2024-07-31
publication date: 2024-07-31
starting page: 1
ending page: 7
doi: 10.47363/JORRR/2024(5)177