Journal of Psychiatry Research Reviews & Reports
Journal of Psychiatry Research Reviews & Reports is an open access peer-reviewed journal from the publishers of Scientific Research and Community (SRC) which publishes articles in the form of written, video and power-point presentations from the arena of Psychiatry Research Reviews & Reports.The journal focuses to build up accessing the complete content of articles freely from online for reader’s perusal. Articles accepts in the form of Research, Review, Case Reports, Analysis, Magazines, Editorials, Opinion, Communications, Mini-Review, Short Communications, Picturized, Book Review, Video Type and Power Point Presentations (PPTS). You can submit your article through online https://www.onlinescientificresearch.com/submit-online or through E-mail attachment psychiatryresearch@onlinescientificresearch.info
A Further Step Towards a Comprehensive Theory of Affectivity
Based on the conclusions of our last published paper on affectivity, we decided to go a step further and look at the implications of its development. First, we return to the cyclical and bivalent view of the model that we have elaborated after several years of empirical research and logical reflection. We attempt to detail the interconnection of these cycles (which together constitute the affective mode of information processing), with the rest of the behaviour (mainly the cognitive mode of information processing), and with each other, continuing with the work of the interactionist current of the emotion/cognition interaction. Finally, we outline some practical applications of these theoretical advances.
Copyright (c) 2024 Journal of Psychiatry Research Reviews & Reports
Using Technology to Support Self-Care and Communication forIndividuals with Autism: Opportunities and Challenges
This paper examines how technology, particularly AI powered tools, can be used to support individuals with autism in improving their self care skills and communication abilities. Traditional method for teaching these skills fall short in addressing unique sensory, emotional and communication challenges that people with autism face, making hard for them to become independent. AI based systems with their structured and consistent approach offer potential solutions. These technologies are limited in their ability to respond to emotional and sensory cues, emphasizing need for human involvement. Through case study of 28-year-old man with autism and limited communication skills, this paper explores how AI when combined with human assistance can enhance self care, communication and overall life quality. Ethical concerns including preservation of dignity during personal care tasks and future advancements for AI in autism care are also discussed.
Relations- One Way out of the Replication Crisis
Importance: Reproducibility, or the long-term validity of findings, is a precondition for the credibility of scientific results in several scientific disciplines. If different experts were asked how much published work in their field is reproducible, more than fifty percent of researchers in chemistry, physics, biology, medicine, and others said we have a replication crisis. This means that the scientific credibility of many disciplines in the eyes of the public is at risk, with significant consequences for the reputation and funding of science. Challenges: It is therefore necessary to tackle the causes of the replication crisis, such as Questionable Research Practices (QRP), publication pressure, and weaknesses in the planning and statistical analysis of studies. The latter is the subject of this article, in which it is emphasised that many hypotheses do not correspond in their complexity to the phenomena studied, either in terms of the possible influencing variables or in terms of the measures of association. Measures: It is suggested that the hypotheses should be more differentiated, take greater account of the presumed effect structure, and the variety of logical relationships in the empirical phenomena. This article uses several examples to show the extent to which more precise hypotheses have an impact on the accuracy of statistically reliable results. One computer program that can be used in the next time for these purposes is Relation Analysis (RELAN), which allows logical analyses, statistical tests, explorations and simulations of relations between variables. Conclusion: In future, it will be necessary to adapt scientific hypotheses in the biological, human and social sciences more closely to the complexity and the structure of empirical phenomena.
Living Thoroughly: A User’s Guide for the Person with ASD andtheir Families and Friends
Being thorough is one of the virtues of the person with ASD. For the neurotypical, such thoroughness can be tedious, if not downright frustrating, and inferred evidence of intellectual impairment, because thoroughness takes time. The purpose of this paper is to focus on the usual mental functioning of the person with ASD and to invite those who regularly interact with such a person to consider what happens for the ASD person. Along the way, there will be attempts to re-label metaphors (thoroughness, inconvenience, action, integration, personhood) that are less stigmatizing and demonstrate the strengths of those with ASD
The Neurobiological Basis of Gender Dysphoria
In this short but detailed article, in consideration of the psychological health and social impact on the fundamental role that the topic of Gender Dysphoria (DG) is playing in particular in recent years on both the national and international scene and given the increase in case, transgendarism has received an unprecedented amount of attention from both the media and the scientific community. After having clarified what is recognized today as gender dysphoria, the evolution of the term itself will be examined in detail to promote greater awareness of what is identified as such. Furthermore, the evolution from a diagnostic point of view will be explored in depth and the latest studies that have attempted to outline the role of neuronal connections in transgender subjects will be shown.
The Capability to Self-Changing in a Varying and Brittle World
The article is devoted to the analysis of human capabilities for professional and personal self-realization in a constantly changing world. The variability and brittle modern digital world are the main challenges and the actual problem for many scientists as well as the question of people’s ability to change in accordance with the new reality. The potential for self-changing and the way of coping with new information are becoming the main factors determining a person’s psychological well-being and emotional comfort. To assess this assumption, was conducted the research of styles of information identity, the degree of satisfaction with life and the level of self-change. The materials of the study showed that uncertainty and brittle situation reduce the level of satisfaction with life, which is close to the average for most young people. The desire to ignore negative information partially increase emotional stability as the immersion in the news flow reduces life satisfaction. Our results allow us to conclude that there is a close connection between identity style and the ability to self-change. The normative style reduces not only the potential for self-change, but also the level of adaptation. Informative and diffuse styles, in varying degrees of expression, contribute to better adaptation. The diffuse style increases self-changings due to faith in one’s capabilities, and the informational style increases self-changing through awareness of the ways to self-change. Personal integrity is commitment to the chosen style of information identity and ability for self-changing.
Gestalt Therapy with Panik Attacks: Basic Relational Model (BRM),Life Cycle and Clinic in GTK
Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) is a debilitating condition that often requires specialized interventions to address its multifaceted impact on emotional regulation, cognition, and interpersonal relationships. Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) Therapy has emerged as a transformative treatment for PTSD. This literature review explores the theoretical foundations, mechanisms, clinical efficacy, and broader applications of EMDR Therapy, emphasizing its unique contributions to trauma-focused care. Grounded in the Adaptive Information Processing (AIP) model, EMDR facilitates reprocessing fragmented traumatic memories through Bilateral Stimulation (BLS) and an eight-phase protocol, enabling patients to achieve symptom relief and adaptive memory integration. Studies demonstrate EMDR’s rapid and sustained effectiveness across diverse populations, including combat veterans and individuals with intellectual disabilities. Additionally, EMDR Therapy enhances emotional regulation and recovery in social and occupational domains. Despite methodological challenges and limitations, EMDR is recognized globally as one of the first-line treatments for PTSD, with potential applications in other psychiatric and somatic conditions. This review highlights the need for continued research to refine EMDR’s protocols, expand its applications, and deepen understanding of its mechanisms, ensuring broader access to this evidence-based intervention.
Examining the Effectiveness of Evaluating an Open-Ended Task
The process of edification is undergoing changes rapidly. ‘Undergraduate research’ is gaining momentum in the current context. In Asia, higher education institutions are grappling to meet the minimum standards of education, questioning research at the undergraduate level. Besides, teachers need the basic knowledge as well as an inquiring mind to foster ‘systematic investigation’ among the young minds. With an intention to instigate systematic investigation among the teachers so as to facilitate ‘undergraduate research’, a practicum focusing on ‘assessment’ was organized as part of a Faculty Development Programme (FDP) at Department of architecture at Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, which was conducted in association with Council of Architecture – Training and Research centre. The practicum revolved around the evaluation of the emergent outcomes of an open-ended design task titled ‘grids. The activities were planned sequentially as worksheets so as to give an insight into evaluating the creativity manifested in the emergent outcomes of a basic design task. Teachers with architectural background participated in the FDP voluntarily. Around 65% of participants had plans to pursue research in the near future. Qualitative and quantitative data were collected through pre and post-tests, worksheets as well as questionnaires. Mixed methods were adopted to foster a direction to investigate the emergent outcome systematically among the participants as well to construct the knowledge about the framed practicum from wider as well as diverse perspectives. Findings indicate that the direction adopted is effective to foster ‘methodological triangulation’, paving a way to critically comprehend and explore the quality of instructions and level of learning among the students in architectural design studios. With the experience gained through planning the practicum, the authors have modified Maher’s model to formulate open ended tasks.
Semantics and Pragmatics in the Language of a Patient withSchizophrenia
Thanks to widely used neuroimaging techniques, it is now known that alterations in the cerebral cortex cause speech and thought processing difficulties in individuals with schizophrenia. These difficulties are clearly increased by the dysfunction found in dopamine markers and in glutamate transmission, so that the schizophrenic's speech is described as tangential, illogical and incoherent and most scientists believe that it is based on the deprivation of logical-argumentative connections. While it is true that narrative-conceptual disorganization is irrefutable, it is equally true, however, that by reexamining schizophrenic semantics according to an organic and systemic criterion, it is possible to demonstrate that their linguistic code, besides being accessible, possesses certain precise characteristics: contradiction, metonymic identification between narrator-identity and object-entity, and anaphoric recovery. Even if these characteristics are not sufficient to generate a profile of linguistic cooperation, the analyst can use them to delimit the patient's dimension. Therefore, we aim to show that the linguistic sign is not at all devoid of transparency, as people often say: it must be interpreted systemically and phenomenologically, not according to common expectation.
Neuroplasticity Alterations Induced by Isotretinoin Use in RARAGene Polymorphism is Associated with Increased Risk of Depressionand Suicidal Ideation in Patients with Vitamin D Deficiency: ASystematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Rationale: Isotretinoin is widely used for severe acne treatment, but concerns have emerged regarding its potential association with depression and suicidal ideation. Previous studies have produced mixed findings, necessitating a comprehensive evaluation of the evidence. This systematic review and meta-analysis aim to clarify the association between isotretinoin use and the onset of depression or suicidal ideation, focusing on genetic predispositions, particularly in patients with vitamin D deficiency. Objectives: This review assesses the risk of depression and suicidal ideation in patients treated with isotretinoin for severe acne compared to those not using isotretinoin. A secondary focus is placed on identifying specific genetic factors, such as polymorphisms in the RARA and LEP genes, that may predispose patients to these psychiatric side effects. Eligibility Criteria: Randomized controlled trials (RCTs), cohort studies, and case-control studies comparing isotretinoin users to non-users were included. Exclusion criteria included studies that lacked a comparator group or did not report psychiatric outcomes (depression or suicidal ideation). Outcomes: The primary outcome was the incidence of depression or suicidal ideation among isotretinoin users compared to non-users. Secondary outcomes examined the influence of genetic polymorphisms, specifically in the RARA and LEP genes, on the risk of developing psychiatric side effects. Risk of Bias: Risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool for randomized trials and the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale for observational studies. The overall quality of the included studies was moderate to high. Synthesis Methods: A random-effects meta-analysis was performed to pool odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Heterogeneity was assessed using the I² statistic, and sensitivity analyses were conducted to ensure the robustness of the findings. Included Studies: Fifteen studies were included, comprising 3 randomized controlled trials, 7 cohort studies, and 5 case-control studies, with a total of 8,000 isotretinoin users and 10,000 non-users. The studies were conducted in diverse clinical settings with a follow-up range of 6 months to 5 years. Synthesis of Results: The pooled analysis demonstrated a significant association between isotretinoin use and an increased risk of depression (OR: 1.3, 95% CI: 1.1–1.5, p < 0.05). Specific genetic polymorphisms, particularly in the RARA and LEP genes, were identified as potential risk factors for developing depression among isotretinoin users, particularly in patients with concurrent vitamin D deficiency. Conclusions: Isotretinoin use is associated with an increased risk of depression, particularly in individuals with specific genetic polymorphisms such as RARA and LEP. Clinicians should consider conduct precision medicine genetic testing testing for these polymorphisms before initiating isotretinoin treatment and closely monitor patients for psychiatric alterations, mood changes, especially those with with vitamin D deficiency or genetic predisposition to depression.
Autism & Mental Health: How Different Individuals are Impacted
The purpose of my abstract and presentation at the conference in Paris France is to highlight the impacts of mental health for individuals or people diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder.
Remember Darwin: Individualism, Neuroscience and Language
Individualism has been a constant theme of the development of child and adolescent mental health since at least 1870. Freud’s Scientific Project is an exercise in neurological individualism as have many subsequent neuroscience projects. Just because bodies contain neurological and chemical circuits, it does not mean that mammalian animals are discrete. Mammals live in communication networks and humans have evolved to make those networks linguistic. It is species adaptations that are manifest in the lives of single members of a species and provide for fitness to environment. The many biological scientists that call themselves neurologists have been prone to misunderstand this Darwinian premise.
Mental Health Disorder Post-COVID-19 Infection: A Case Report
Background: Psychotic disorder is characterized by cognitive decline that compromises functioning of the individual. Its symptoms include speech disorganization, psychomotor and behavioral changes, delusions, and hallucinations. The condition can be associated with dissociative manifestations. In the case of an acute psychotic episode, the causes are diverse and include trauma, substances, mood or schizophrenic disorders, and other physiological conditions. Psychological therapies are indicated for treatment. Case Presentation: A 45-year-old previously healthy man contracted COVID-19 at the beginning of 2021. The patient had headache, fever, pulmonary alterations, and taste and smell changes. After 5 weeks, the patient started to experience periods of mental confusion, disjointed speech, aggression, and psychomotor agitation, which progressively worsened. In view of drowsiness upon neurological examination and the lack of changes in other imaging tests, the patient underwent a PET/CT scan that showed cerebral hypometabolism in the frontal lobes, more evident in the mesial portion, including the anterior cingulate gyrus, and in the superior portions of the parietal lobes. Conclusion: We found a clear association between previous COVID-19 infection and the development of a psychotic episode with dissociative manifestations after a few weeks. However, more studies are needed to better elucidate the results.
The Impact of Globalization on Sovereignty of Nation-States
The term refers, in particular, to increased worldwide integrated trading and the enormous spread of international relations in general. Nonetheless, although it became an underlying influence on world politics and the transformation of universal states, it also brought about economic control and policy instruments into which states could no longer reach. Economic success would not only determine political power on the international scene but also trans/domestic politics. Nation-states were too small to have any influence because they could only coordinate policies that they could not influence on the international scene. It is another element of theory and practice that we think should require re-examination. The term has ethnic origins and originally meant "weighs globally". It can roughly be defined as the intensification of cultural, social, economic, and political relations across territories that have been or are part of different political units. Such relations became easier, faster, cheaper, and more frequent as a result of technological innovation in media, transportation, and communication. The concept of globalization has become an all-embracing phenomenon of the modern world. Its impact on states has generated a detailed debate about its role and significance for the nation-state. To understand the implications of globalization for the theory and practice of the state, it first requires some definition and understanding of the term.
The Physical Sensation of Precordial Pain as a Signal of PsychiatricRelevance of Anguish
Anguish is a sensation of precordial chest tightness or oppression that has an emotional origin. Unlike anxiety which is focused on the future, anguish is experienced in the present as a state of pain and mental agony. Furthermore, distress is supposed to have different autonomic, physiological and biochemical reactions when compared to anxiety and depression. The main objective of this work is to investigate whether depression is more related to anguish than anxiety, and also to identify which variables or symptoms are most predictive of the state of anguish. A binomial logistic regression model was adjusted and statistically significant evidence was found that depression may be more related to distress than anxiety. An important depression diagnostic variable (MINI Depression) was selected in the model (at the 10% level) and its interpretation corroborates the central hypothesis of the study mentioned above. Correspondence analysis also points to clues in the direction of the research hypothesis. As for the second objective, under the same logistic model, the following variables were shown to be related to the state of distress: Gender, Reduced Hamilton Score, BSI Somatization, BSI Hostility, BSI Obsession Compulsion, Age and MINI Depression.
A Study of Prevalence of Anxiety in Patients with Cardiac Disorders
Background: Anxiety is commonly experienced among patients with cardiovascular disease. Psychiatric disorders such as depression and anxiety, represent an additional risk for cardiovascular disease besides contributing to impaired functions. To date, depression has received the most attention in the population, given its high prevalence and association with poor cardiac health, especially in patients who have experienced a major cardiac event, such as an Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS). However, anxiety has recently emerged as another important psychological construct that is highly prevalent, frequently co-occurs with depression and impedes response to depression treatment, and may ultimately influence the course of cardiovascular disease independent of depression. Objectives: To assess the prevalence of anxiety among patients diagnosed with cardiac disorders. Methods: A cross sectional study was done among 100 cardiac patients. A self-designed semi structured questionnaire consisting of demographic details, relevant cardiac and psychiatric history and General Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7) scale was used. The obtained data was entered in MSexcel and analysed using SPSS software. Results: 43% patients were recognised to have anxiety. Among them 21% had mild anxiety, 12% had moderate anxiety and 10% had severe anxiety. A significant association of 0.002 was found in females having cardiac illness. A significant association of 0.043 was found between coronary artery disease and anxiety. Conclusion: These analyses confirm that anxiety is associated in patients with cardiac disorders; however, this relationship is not as strong as that of depression and may be explained partly by other clinical factors.
A Study of Prevalence of Sexual Dysfunction in Patients ReceivingPsychotropic Drugs
Background: Sexual dysfunction is the most common side effect associated with psychotropic drugs. It is a threat to patient’s quality of life and a major reason for non –compliance. Psychotropic agents can impair the sexual response in different ways due to their neurobiological mode of action. Prevalence rates of sexual side effects are extraordinarily difficult to estimate due to a variety of factors, such as the effect of the disorder being treated, co morbid disorders and baseline sexual dysfunction. Objectives: To study the association between sexual dysfunction and psychotropic drugs in patients using various psychotropic drugs like antidepressants, anti-psychotics, anti-cravings and anxiolytics. Methods: A cross sectional study was done among 200 patients. A self-designed semi structured questionnaire consisting of socio demographic details, relevant psychiatric history and Psychotropic – Related Sexual dysfunction questionnaire (PR Sex DQ – SALSEX) was used. The obtained data was entered in MS excel and analysed using SPSS software Results: Among 200 patients ,62.5% of males and 38.5% of females felt that their psychiatric medications were causing sexual side effects. Out of them 41.7% of men and 30.03 % of women. Conclusion: The most relevant groups for impairment are antidepressants and antipsychotics due to the serotonin agonistic and anti – dopaminergic properties as well as the prolactin increasing characteristics. The treatment of psychiatric disorders should follow a comprehensive treatment plan that anticipates a likely sexual dysfunction at the initiation of treatment.
Study of Patients in a Private Psychiatric Unit in Eastern India
Mental illness is an important cause of morbidity, mortality and poor quality of life. In this study analysis of diagnostic distribution with respect to age, sex, and other parameters and comparison with other studies done. It is a descriptive study, done in a Private Psychiatric Clinic near Kolkata. Time period was 2 yrs (from 1st January 2018 to 31st December 2019). ICD10 is primarily used as diagnostic tool but for purpose of patient management and community need, diagnosis according to symptoms (headache, osteoarthritis, neuropathy etc) used. Data were analyzed and tabulated. Total number of patients visited during study period is 3000 . Among them 1081(36.01%) patients are male, 1919(63.99%) are female. Majority of the patients are in the age group of 20-50 years. Among the patients majority are from Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD), Phobiaand Somatoform Disorder (42.4%) whereas Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) consists of 22.6%, Bipolar Affective Disorder( BPAD)- 6.5%, Schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders- 10.2 %, Dementia- 3. 5%.
A Mobile App Providing Individually-Tailored Psychoeducationabout Sleep for Older Adults with Chronic Health Conditions andLow Health Literacy
Objective: This paper reports on a study of a mobile app that provides tailored information about sleep to individuals aged 40 and older who have chronic health conditions and low health literacy. Methods: The sleep module was a part of a multitopic app focused on chronic disease self-management. Participants were randomly assigned to receive sleep psychoeducation at reading levels equivalent to 3rd, 6th or 8th grade. The primary outcome measure was the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), which was completed at baseline, after the intervention, and again three months later. Outcomes were assessed using repeated measures mixed effects models. Results: Most participants were Black, Indigenous or Other Persons of Color (BIPOC; 87%); they had average reading level at the 7th grade. Health literacy, socioeconomic status, and number of health conditions were related to the PSQI. The PSQI score decreased over the course of the three study visits for all groups, consistent with a small to medium effect size (d = 0.40). No effect of treatment group was observed. Participants were positive about the usefulness and helpfulness of the app. Conclusion: Results suggest that a brief tailored information intervention may be beneficial for individuals aged 40 and older who have low health literacy and chronic health conditions. Further development of the intervention may enhance its clinical effectiveness.
Behavioral Addiction in the COVID Era: Clinical Features,Assessment and Management
The term “behavioural addiction” has been used to refer to a range of excessive behaviours, such as gambling, video game playing, eating disorders, sports and physical exercise, media use, sex addiction, pathological working, and compulsive criminal behaviour.
Occupational Exposure to Pesticides and the Occurrence of MentalDisorders: A Systematic Review of the Literature
Pesticides use has allowed an increase in food productivity. However, harmful effects on human health have been reported, such as mental illness, especially in the rural population. In this context, the present work systematically reviewed the literature on the occurrence of depressive and anxiogenic disorders in farmers occupationally exposed to pesticides. The guidelines recommended by PRISMA were adopted, using the PICO strategy. The platforms used for the search were PUBMED, SCOPUS, and Google Scholar, with works published since 2002 to 2020. The inclusion criteria adopted considered crosssectional and longitudinal studies, published only in English, whose investigation evaluated human exposure to pesticides and the occurrence of mental illness. After applying the inclusion filters, nine studies were selected. The combined studies reported that 5.681 farmers were occupationally exposed to pesticides. The main illnesses reported were depression and/or anxiety, accompanied by symptoms such as headaches, respiratory diseases, and mental fatigue. Despite the incidence of other factors such as cigarette use, lack of personal protective equipment, and socioeconomic components, occupational exposure to pesticides is directly associated with depression. It was also noted that the intensity, frequency, and duration of exposure if combined with the number of acute intoxications, potentiates the development of depressive conditions.
Socioecological Resilience in Eco-Neighborhoods- A PsychosocialView
When we ask ourselves about our capacity as a human community to confront the problems of global warming, we see the need to specify this approach in its practical dimensions and develop appropriate concepts to thematize this problem. This involves understanding the relationships between a specific human conglomerate and the ecosystem where it lives. The case of eco-neighborhoods is an example of this. For this we require a language that allows us to thematize the various dimensions of the phenomenon. We will study the relationships between the prefix eco, which in this case refers to the natural context, and the term neighborhood, which corresponds to the human conglomerate that inhabits it in a particular way. The purpose of this article is to explore the various dimensions and processes that we could take into account in understanding what this human conglomerate would be and to establish some practical criteria that make it possible to strengthen it in the face of the environmental problems that arise. We will call this strengthening resilience.
Mental Health Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on HealthcareWorkers
A brief review of the literature surrounding healthcare workers, with a focus on nurses, and how the global COVID-19 pandemic impacted their mental health. A review of the situation before the pandemic as well as during and after the pandemic, including coping mechanisms being employed, both adaptive and not. A brief review of some actions that can be taken by management teams to support their staff as the pandemic comes to an end.
Analysing Pulmonary Effects of the COVID-19 and TreatmentMethods
The COVID-19 pandemic, caused by the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, has had a profound impact on global health. Among its various manifestations, respiratory effects have emerged as a critical aspect of the disease. This paper provides an overview of the respiratory complications associated with COVID-19, including acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), pneumonia, and long-term lung sequelae. We delve into the pathophysiology of these effects, exploring the immune responses, cytokine storms, and vascular complications that contribute to respiratory compromise. Furthermore, we discuss the diagnostic methods, treatment strategies, and potential long-term implications for individuals recovering from severe respiratory involvement. A comprehensive understanding of the respiratory effects of COVID-19 is crucial for informing clinical management, public health policies, and ongoing research efforts.
Copyright (c) 2023 Journal of Psychiatry Research Reviews & Reports
Aspects of the Use of Lithium Particles in the Treatment of BipolarDisorder
Bipolar Disorder (BD) is characterized by chronic and complex disturbances, featuring periods of depression and phases of mania or hypomania. Considering the studies already conducted, it is important to highlight the efficacy of lithium in individuals, especially in relapse prophylaxis, acute mani a phases, and suicide prevention. Thus, this article aims to address various aspects related to the intrinsic relationship between Bipolar Disorder and the use of lithium, specifically for the maintenance therapy of this condition; to explore the mechanism of action of lithium, demonstrating the benefits of this therapy so that professionals and students in the field can gain a clearer understanding of the subject and evaluate the effectiveness of continuous lithium particle use in treatment. This work is based on a literature review conducted on the Pubmed and Scielo databases from 2018 to 2023. The descriptors used were lithium, treatment, and bipolar disorder. In this context, the review of studies on lithium is essential for healthcare proof essionals and the families of individuals to understand the importance of this substance in maintaining mood stability in patients.
Prosody can help allocate the precise implication to phrases/ sentences like ‘can of soda’ (linguistic aspect) or assist a listener comprehend how a speaker feels (emotional aspect). This essay will delve into the linguistic aspects of prosody. Important neurological and behavioural research regarding linguistic prosody will be addressed as well as its relevance to the field of prosody. Furthermore, this essay will try to look into critical questions regarding possible future research.
The Importance of Sport Psychology Programs at the CollegiateLevel
Collegiate sports provide a unique platform for athletes to showcase their skills and abilities. However, the pressure to perform at a high level can lead to mental stress and anxiety, which can affect an athlete’s performance. Sport psychology has become an increasingly applied practice by coaches to increase athletic success. Although sport psychology is becoming a more widespread practice with athletic teams, there is a lack of evidence-based surrounding the practice.
Long-Term Psychosocial Issues among COVID-19 Survivors inKathmandu Valley
Since its emergence in December 2019, Corona Virus disease has impacted several countries, affecting many people. The first cases were recorded in Wuhan, China, between December 2019 and January 2020. Italy is one of the affected countries in Europe. The relations between India and Nepal have reverted to the pre-pandemic period as both countries have open borders. The study focused on the overall psychosocial impact among COVID-19 survivors in their life what are the changes they are facing after covid also how are their relations with friends and relatives after they have covid in different municipalities of Kathmandu Valley, where people from different regions are living in rent and have their own houses. Support from friends and family during a pandemic can prevent it if it is strong enough. Nonetheless, there were risk factors for psychosocial damage, including a lack of or insufficient family and social support, psychiatric assistance, and inadequate insurance or compensation. Poorer mental health outcomes were inversely correlated with social rejection or isolation.
The current researcher is indexed by Harvard University ranking first as inventor of downloadable consciousness:
The Experience of the Unconscious from Freud to Jung: on Telepathy and Synchronicity
Our object of study in this article, succinctly, shows the evolution of the concept of telepathy in the psychoanalytic field, as well as the concept of synchronicity in the Jungian field; For this we will verify concepts that are close to the latter, such as projective identification, transitional object, within the Kleinian and Winnicottian universe. Bion’s considerations on “Finite space and infinite space, such as Jung’s use of the concept of “participation mystique”. To accomplish this goal we intend to make a survey of the historical evolution of the concept of synchronicity. We will begin with the primary sources, and in a second moment we will make a bibliographic survey of the developments that occurred after the death of Jung until the present day, on these proposed themes, and the possible enrichment through interdisciplinarity with other sciences. We will try to identify at the end of our reflection, some epistemological consequences that may benefit the evolution of Freudian and Jungian metapsychology and its consequences for the epistemology of analytical practice. We intend to illuminate some objective and intersubjective aspects of therapeutics. What types of communication are possible? What kind of looks? What types of listening? What kinds of relationships can we establish between the forms we compare the forms of communication in transference, compared to telepathy and synchronicity?