Journal of Psychiatry Research Reviews & Reports
Journal of Psychiatry Research Reviews & Reports is an open access peer-reviewed journal from the publishers of Scientific Research and Community (SRC) which publishes articles in the form of written, video and power-point presentations from the arena of Psychiatry Research Reviews & Reports.The journal focuses to build up accessing the complete content of articles freely from online for reader’s perusal. Articles accepts in the form of Research, Review, Case Reports, Analysis, Magazines, Editorials, Opinion, Communications, Mini-Review, Short Communications, Picturized, Book Review, Video Type and Power Point Presentations (PPTS). You can submit your article through online https://www.onlinescientificresearch.com/submit-online or through E-mail attachment psychiatryresearch@onlinescientificresearch.info
An Effective Model to Save Children with Substance Use Disorder in Developing Countries; Children Addiction Treatment and Rehabilitation Residential Centers (CATRCs)
Background: Until recently, there was no center specialized for the treatment and rehabilitation of children with substance use disorder in Iran. However, recently, a new initiation in the form of Children Addiction Treatment and Rehabilitation Residential Centers (CATRC) has been piloted in Iran. This brief report is an early evaluation of the performance of CATRC in the treatment and rehabilitation of children with drug use/use disorder. Objective: Feasibility and evaluation of a comprehensive treatment and rehabilitation model for children and adolescents with substance use disorder. Methods: The evaluation on pilot project was done in two CATRCs established in the city of Zahedan. Subjects were 107 children between the ages of 0 and 18 with a history of drug use or drug use disorder sent to CATRCs to fulfill a judicial decision or by the Welfare Organization. Results: Out of 88 children discharged from the two CATRCs during the 1.5 years since their establishment, there were no relapses or criminal activity in 97.7% of children. Conclusion: this study showed early evidence of the positive performance of CATRCs in Iran.
Copyright (c) 2025 Journal of Psychiatry Research Reviews & Reports
Rebalancing Diagnosis and Clinical Treatment: A Contribution to Clinical Discourse on Youth Gender Medicine
The management of gender dysphoria and gender incongruence in young people has become one of the most contested areas in contemporary medicine. This presentation recounts the contribution of the National Association of Practising Psychiatrists (NAPP) to rebalancing clinical discourse in this controversial area. Prof Morris draws attention to the similarities but clear differences in the medical history of homosexuality and transgender identity. He outlines the ethical and professional obligations for medical practitioners involved in youth gender medicine. He then describes the principles behind the NAPP guide to the management of gender dysphoria in young people. This guide offers a compassionate, caring, cautious and evidence-informed approach to this clinical condition emphasising careful diagnosis, ethical practice and prioritisation of patient welfare.
The Brain/Mind Experience of Psychosis: A Case Study
As a part of my clinical research project (“Listening to the Brain/Recovering the Brain/Mind”) I came across the fact that one of the long-term consequences of a traumatic brain injury (concussions and post-concussion syndrome) is psychosis. What is psychosis? It is the loss of the ability to be grounded, most often characterized by hallucinations and delusions, a decline in cognitive functioning, and an inability to be present in many life situations because of dissociation. The first such case I was presented with occurred with a National Basketball Association player who was forced into an early retirement because he was suffering with schizophrenia, a major mental illness. While working with Mr. C, I was alerted to a large Danish Study (2014) that demonstrated the connection between traumatic brain injuries and major mental illness. You can follow the details of this case in my book “The Complex Architecture and Healing of Traumatic Brain Injuries” from Cambridge Scholars Publishing 2023, chapter on “Brutality to the Brain.” Sadly Mr. C passed away in 2018 due to heart complications. Before his death, he shared with me how brutal the NBA was at the time he was playing. Elbows to the head, both intentional and unintentional, were a constant problem for him, causing a number of concussions. I only had a short time with his case before his death, but even at the end, there was no recognition of what the Danish Study had found. And no treatment of the real cause of his suffering. Over time, I came to the realization that all concussions (this is a strong statement to make, but it is what I have observed), create neurodegenerative disease processes in the brain. (See my article: “The Complex Architecture of Traumatic Brain Injuries.) Fast forward to now, I am seeing this pattern, this connection between brain injuries and psychosis, more often than I would have expected. I will be presenting 2 cases where early concussions during childhood eventually led to difficulties with cognitive decline and a full-blown psychosis.
Mental Health Problems in Young People: Many Enduring Problems, a Few Proposed Solutions
Rates of depression, self-harm and suicide in young people worldwide are approaching epidemic proportions. In Australia, almost one-third of those who die in the 15-24 year age group will have taken their own life, a proportion that increases each year. Predicting these adverse events in young people has proved to be an insoluble problem, and approaches to reducing the incidence of such events have clearly been ineffective. For young people, their families, friends, and school communities, the consequences can be particularly devastating. This keynote aims to address two main questions relevant to the mental health of young people today: (1) What are the main challenges you that young people are facing today?, and (2) What needs to be done to address this issue?
Wounds without Bruises: Hidden Trauma and Recovery in Victims of School Bullying
While school bullying is frequently perceived as a behavioural issue, its profound psychological and emotional ramifications remain insufficiently examined, particularly the latent trauma endured by victims and the intricate pathways to recovery. This presentation draws upon doctoral research employing Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA), as conceptualised by Jonathan Smith, to understand the (un)lived experiences of adolescents who have been victimised at school. Anchored in phenomenological epistemology and constructivist ontology, this study seeks to understand how bullying-related trauma is internalised, navigated and potentially transformed in the lives of young people. Seven participants (3 females and seven males) aged between 12 to 16 from Grades 7 to 10 were purposively selected, based on formal referrals for bullying-related issues from the school counselling services in Mauritius. Data were collected through semi-structured, in-depth interviews designed to elicit rich narratives of suffering and resilience. The interviews were transcribed verbatim, and the analysis followed a rigorous idiographic approach involving iterative reading, initial noting, development of emergent themes, and abstraction into cross-case superordinate themes. The study delineated f ive superordinate themes encompassing both trauma and recovery: (1) Fractured sense of self, (2) Silenced pain and the need to be heard, (3) Disrupted relationships and rebuilding trust, (4) Hypervigilance and emotional residue, and (5) Powerlessness to personal agency. The findings highlight that trauma from bullying is often invisible, yet profoundly embodied and enduring. Despite the hidden nature of trauma, adolescents demonstrate meaningful capacities for healing and develop substantial adaptive strategies through relational support, personal insight, and self-empowerment in response to prolonged victimisation. This study advocates for trauma-informed, culturally grounded school mental health practices and explores how youth-accessible digital tools, such as expressive writing platforms, anonymous reporting systems, and peer support networks can facilitate recovery by integrating care with compassion. By centring adolescents’ voices, this presentation contributes to the broader discourse on innovating care in educational mental health by arguing for a shift from behaviour-focused responses to relational, empathetic, and student-led interventions.
Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA)
How Music and Neurofeedback Can Supplement Your Psychotherapy
Neurofeedback is a method of bio feedback where our brain waves are monitored using an EEG machine. Music with certain pattern stimulates brain injury such a way that it helps to stabilise the brain and helps synchronisation. I am hereby sharing my experience of what happens and my rationale for how and why we can use music and neurofeedback to help people to enhance their cognitive and emotional skills. Also, I would discuss the various methods that can help stimulate your cognition. We will discuss the impact of music in brain and how can we train our brain to synchronise so that it can regulate emotions.
Psychological Safety and Mental Health: What Happens When Healthcare Workers Don’t Feel Safe to Speak?
In healthcare, silence is not neutral, it can be dangerous. Nurses may carry emotional fatigue in silence. Junior doctors may hesitate to raise concerns or admit uncertainty. This silence is not about personality. It reflects how psychologically safe people feel and how leadership responds. This talk explores psychological safety as the silent engine behind resilience, trust, and team performance. Defined by Professor Amy Edmondson, psychological safety means people feel they can speak up, ask for help, and learn from mistakes without fear. In hospitals and clinics, this enables early error reporting, open communication, reduced burnout, and safer care. But psychological safety is not about avoiding discomfort. It’s about creating space to grow through discomfort with support. Leaders play a central role. They are the thermostat of team culture. When leaders model vulnerability, invite feedback, and respond non-defensively, they signal safety. In Malaysian hospitals, teams using reflective rounds, anonymous wellness checks, and inclusive huddles are not seeing more errors, they’re seeing more transparency and earlier interventions. Toxic leadership, on the other hand, creates silent teams. And silence in high-stakes settings like healthcare can cost lives. This talk shares real stories, research, and practice insights to show how psychological safety turns policy into practice, and innovation into connection. Aligned with the MindMatters2025 theme of bridging neuroscience, technology, and compassion, this session frames psychological safety as an essential catalyst for human-centered care. Because before we can transform mental health systems, we must first build teams where people feel safe to speak, and safe to care.
Asynchronous Text-Based Mental Health Support: Real-World Evidence of Next Day Mood Improvement in Non-Clinical Population
Introduction: Mental health applications are known to offer innovative means to support emotional wellbeing, providing users with resources like online or virtual therapy, mood tracking, and self-help strategies via their mobile device. Of these, asynchronous text-based interventions are known to be effective adjuncts to traditional or online (synchronous) therapy, leading to symptom reduction, effective engagement between sessions and adherence to medication among other positive effects. However, results on the effectiveness of asynchronous text-based interventions are mixed, with most studies focused on patients with diagnosed mental health conditions and often emphasize its use as an adjunct to traditional or online (synchronous) therapy. To our knowledge, no study has reported the effectiveness of asynchronous texting as a preventive tool (with an undiagnosed population) independent from other modes of therapeutic interventions. Using real world data, the present study examined the relationship between asynchronous text-based engagement with a mental health professional via the Thoughtful app and next-day mood improvements. Methods: Secondary data provided by Thoughtful World was extracted from the database which consist of 234 unique individuals who had spent at least 30 minutes of asynchronous texting with a mental health professional prior to the measurement of next-day mood. Mood scores that were recorded before the day of intervention was taken as baseline scores. Variables such as gender and age, mood scores (before and after using the asynchronous texting feature), time spent using the app were collected and analysed. All data were collected via the Thoughtful app and is based on a real world (non-controlled) setting. Permission for use of deidentified data was obtained from all participants prior to the overall wellbeing program as stated in the terms of use and informed consent. Results: The paired T-test indicated there was a significant increase in mood from before the session (M = 1, SD = 0) to after (M = 2.21, SD = 0.857), t(233) = -21.7, p < .001. The mean increase in the mood before and after the session is 1.21, with a 95% confidence interval ranging from - 1.66 to – 1.10. The eta squared statistic (.67) indicated a large effect size. Discussion & Conclusion: The observed improvement noted from these sessions reinforces the efficacy of -asynchronous text-based interventions in improving next-day mood. For undiagnosed individuals experiencing short term emotional distress, asynchronous texting with a mental health professional; is able to provide effective emotional support and mood regulation independent of its use with other forms of interventions. The findings from this research suggest that interventions of this nature could be effectively applied in broader populations beyond those diagnosed with mental health conditions to combat low mood levels and enhance overall psychological well-being. Moving forward, it is essential for future research to explore the underlying mechanisms that facilitate mood improvements and to examine additional variables that could influence these outcomes, such as frequency and intensity of the interventions. These insights will be instrumental for clinicians in developing comprehensive treatment plans that prioritise prevention as well as psychological and emotional well-being.
What Neurotechnology Reveals about Hypnotic Trance, Cognition, and How it Influences Therapeutic Outcomes
Clinical Hypnosis (CH) is gaining traction as an effective intervention for mental health, chronic pain, and overall wellbeing. Traditionally linked to heightened suggestibility, recent advances in neuroscience have begun to uncover the distinct neural dynamics underpinning the hypnotic state. CH has demonstrated efficacy across anxiety disorders, PTSD, anesthesia, and somatoform disorders. Underlying mechanisms may involve PFC-amygdala-hippocampal regulation, reduced stress hormone responses, and improved cognitive flexibility. Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) studies reveal that hypnosis elicits a characteristic pattern of brain activity, including decreased connectivity within the default mode network (DMN), heightened engagement of the anterior cingulate cortex, and modulation of thalamocortical circuits. Notably, Spiegel et al. (2016) observed consistent downregulation of the dorsal anterior cingulate, affirming the neurobiological distinctiveness of hypnosis. Emerging neurotechnologies such as mobile EEG (mEEG), brainwave entrainment (BWE), and bio/ neurofeedback now enable clinicians to monitor and deepen hypnotic states with greater precision. These tools are being employed to enhance memory integration, facilitate therapeutic openness, and assist in processing unresolved trauma. By examining trance states through current neuroscientific frameworks, this presentation demonstrates how clinical hypnosis is now established as a quantifiable, adaptable, and evidence-based therapeutic modality in modern integrative practice.
Role of Epidemiology & Science • Drives evidence-based, personalized care. • Translates population data into individual risk profiles. • Informs early diagnosis and targeted interventions. Evolving Role of Physicians • From treatment providers to data-informed decision-makers. • Must adapt to digital tools and genomic insights. • Lead ethically in applying new technologies. Changing Mindsets • Foster collaboration between public health, research, and clinical care. • Encourage openness to innovation and complexity. Artificial Intelligence • Enhance diagnosis, prediction, and treatment personalization. • Not a replacement for physicians—an empowering tool. • Requires careful attention to bias, ethics, and transparency. Key Challenges • Data privacy and governance. • Unequal access to innovation. • Integration into real-world health systems. • Cultural and institutional resistance to change. Summary: • The future of medicine lies at the intersection of data, empathy, and innovation. Epidemiology and science provide the map, physicians guide the journey, and AI can help drive the vehicle—if we navigate carefully and equitably.
The Relationship between Self-Esteem and Psychological Distress among Young Adults in Malaysia
This study looked into the relationship between self-esteem and psychological distress among young adults in Malaysia, addressing a research gap where limited empirical evidence exists on this association within the Malaysian context. A total of 100 (50 males, 50 females) young adults were recruited using a convenience sampling method. Respondents completed a questionnaire that measured their self-esteem and psychological distress namely Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES) and Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K10). Data were analysed using Pearson Correlation and Independent Sample t-Test. Findings indicated a statistically significant moderate negative relationship between self-esteem and psychological distress, r(98) = -.46, p < .001. This finding aligns with Cognitive Vulnerability-Stress Model and Beck’s Cognitive Theory which suggest that individuals with higher self-esteem possess more effective emotional regulation strategies, thereby reducing their susceptibility to psychological distress. Meanwhile, results showed no significant gender differences in psychological distress, t(98) = .17, p > .05, d = .03. This suggests that male and female young adults exhibit similar psychological distress, possibly due to evolving gender roles, comparable coping mechanisms, and limitations related to the sample size and narrow age range. Mental health professionals and educators are encouraged to implement self-esteem enhancement programs as a preventative approach to reducing psychological distress. In conclusion, the study reinforces the significance of self-esteem as a protective factor and calls for integrative mental health frameworks that address self-concept in young adult populations. These findings have practical implications for clinical practices, educational programs, and public health policies aiming to support youth mental well-being in Malaysia.
With the growing opioid epidemic in India and other nations around the world, there has been an upsurge in illegal activities, broken families, non- working population and other health- related hazards; yet roadblocks to proper treatment and rehabilitation facilities continue to exist nonetheless. Besides the role of Psychiatrists and Addiction Specialists, the role of social workers and policymakers are also crucial in the proper identification of patients in the community and for the proper implementation of Opioid Substitution Therapy (OST) services with opioid agonists like Buprenorphine. Understanding the molecule of Buprenorphine is hence essential to provide better treatment and care to patients, so that they can lead an illicit opioid- free life and well integrate in the community. This review article attempts to shed light on the diverse domains of Buprenorphine and also provide an insight on the latest research on Buprenorphine.
Impact of Academic Self-Concept and Metacognition on Academic Performance of Medical Students in A Private University in Malaysia
Introduction: This research study investigates the impact of Academic Self-Concept (ASC) and metacognition on academic performance of medical students in a private university in Malaysia. This study looked at the role of ASC, and the metacognitive aspects of ASC which influence exam performance. The research utilizes Liu and Wang’s ASC scale, previously unexplored among medical students in Malaysia, to measure ASC. Metacognitive aspects of the ASC questionnaire were identified and compared against exam performance. Methods: The research employs a cross-sectional design and includes data from medical students under the MBBS program in IMU, International Medical University (IMU). 111 medical students participated in the research. A questionnaire developed by Liu and Wang was used as the study instrument. We compared the sociodemographic factors, ASC scores as well as academic performance of the students. Metacognitive components of ASC questions were identified and compared against academic performance. Results: Findings indicate a significant correlation between age and ASC scores, with ASC scores declining as students advance in age. However, no statistically significant associations are found between ASC scores and gender, nationality, or semester. Notably, students who reported previous exam failures displayed significantly higher ASC scores. Academic performance does not correlate ASC scores, contrary to existing literature. However metacognitive aspects of ASC correlate with academic performance. Conclusion: There were two factors that were found to be significantly associated with ASC scores which are age and the experience of ever failing an exam. Metacognitive aspects of ASC are associated with academic performance and correlate with ASC score. While the research is pioneering in its focus on medical students in Malaysia, it raises questions about the multifaceted dynamics between metacognition, ASC and academic performance. Has ASC as a concept come of age? Is metacognitive awareness more relevant as a pedagogical strategy in current clinical medical education? More research and discussion are needed to determine this.
Impact of Peer Work in Social Psychiatry: Improving Quality or Missing Link for Inclusion
Psychiatric diagnosis still is strongly linked with stigmatization and discrimination, it is regarded as “ultimate stigma” (Falk 2001), as second illness “(Finzen 2013), it goes along with “stigma by association” (Goffman 1975) and affects not only all areas of life, but also the staff (Thornicroft et al. 2009). One of the greatest threats to shaping their lives for those affected is the rejection from employment even though having recovered and being able to manage residuals or episodes. Work itself is beyond providing income an existential factor for well-being and health by affecting the socio-economic status as well as belonging and structure in daily living: protective factors that, being missed, can in reverse lead to mental health issues. So, in this context, stigmatization still is a great problem, although there is the UN CRPD (UN 2006) which sets agreed measures for inclusion and although there are several legislative implementations in different countries in Germany as well, that strengthen inclusion as a fundamental right. With the European Leonardo Da Vinci Project 2005-2007 „Experienced Involvement (EX-IN)” the problem is addressed by professionalizing peers with mental health issues for further deployment in social psychiatric care, gaining Peers as colleagues. In this contribution, taken from the results of a doctoral research project on “Experienced Involvement in social psychiatric care of Germany”, challenges and chances are discussed. After a short view on the actual employment situation of EX-IN in Germany, the effects of implementation of peers as colleagues on services, teams and colleagues, service user and EX-IN themselves are discussed and contextualized with the claim of improving inclusion.
In a world that often values conformity, embracing who you are especially as an autistic person can feel like a radical act. But selfacceptance is not just possible; it’s essential. It’s a journey that begins with understanding your worth, celebrating your differences, and letting go of the idea that you need to be "fixed."
Copyright (c) 2026 Journal of Psychiatry Research Reviews & Reports
Cross-Talk Between Exogenous Growth Factors and Endogenous Growth Factors Released from Astroglial-Conditioned Media onDNA and RNA Labeling and ERK1/2 Expression in Astrocytesin an in Vitro Model
The aim of this present investigation is to study the cross-talk between exogenous growth factors and endogenous growth factors released from astroglialconditioned media on DNA and RNA labeling and ERK ½ expression in astrocytes in an in vitro model. To better clarify mechanism of astroglial cell proliferation /differentiation in culture, incorporation of [methyl-3H]-thymidine or [5,6-3H]-uridine in astroglial cell cultures was investigated. Astrocytes cultures were pre-treated with Epidermal Growth Factor (EGF), insulin (INS), Insulin-Like Growth Factor-I (IGF- I), and Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor (bFGF) and subsequently with Astroglial Conditioned Media (ACM). In particular, the incorporation of [methyl-3H]-thymidine into DNA showed a significant increase in ACM from 15 days in vitro (DIV) cultures in 30 DIV astrocytes after12 h pre-treatment with growth factors. The pre-treatment with INS or EGF in 30 DIV astrocytes cultures was showed. ACM collected from 15 or 60 or 90 DIV increased the [5,6-3H] uridine incorporation into RNA of 15 and 30 DIV astrocyte cultures. Increase in RNA labeling of 30 DIV cultures added with ACM from 90 DIV was obtained. The results of enhancement in DNA labeling after pre- treatment with EGF or INS in 30 DIV astrocytes cultures and subsequent addition of ACM from 15 DIV cultures, indicate that the involvement may depend on Extra Cellular SignalRegulated Kinase (ERK1) activation. In summary, the environment created by astroglial cultures can regulate their own proliferation and differentiation, through the release of soluble mediators finally acting on their genomic program. This may be relevant in vivo, when scheduled events related to brain development are regulated by astrocyte-derived growth factors controlling neuronal and glial architecture from the postnatal period until the adulthood.
Afterlife Consciousness as a Trans-Dimensional Phenomenon: ATheoretical Exploration of Post-Physical Awareness and SuperluminalCognitive Transmission
This paper examines the speculative hypothesis that human consciousness possesses trans-dimensional properties, capable of existing beyond physical spacetime and potentially traveling faster than the speed of light. Building on metaphysical interpretations, phenomenology, near-death experience research, multidimensional cosmology, and the conservation of energy principle, this perspective proposes that consciousness may act as a post-biological, nonmaterial, and ultra-fast information field. It further explores the idea that consciousness can be modulated, transmitted, or directed through high-frequency thought processes, enabling instantaneous access to distant regions of the universe or multiverse. While not grounded in empirically validated physics, this framework aims to open new pathways for philosophical inquiry, theoretical physics dialogues, and mind-cosmos relationship studies.
Screening and Intervention Outcomes for Depression at Primary Health Care Settings in Ogun State, Nigeria
Depression is one of the most common conditions treated in primary health care (PHC), and nearly 10% of all primary care visits are depression related. Detection of cases of depression by PHC workers in developing countries is extremely low. Screening for depression at PHC level can improve the detection rate and may be useful in providing interventions for identified cases of depression. This study was undertaken to improve detection of depression through screening and providing interventions for patients presenting for health services at the PHC settings in Ogun state, Nigeria. Methodology The study was conducted at 20 PHC centres in two randomly selected senatorial districts (Ogun West and Ogun Central) in Ogun State, Nigeria. Patient Health Questionnaire-2 (PHQ-2) and module on depression of mental health Gap Action Programme-IG (mhGAP-IG) guidelines were used in screening for depression among consenting patients who met inclusion criteria in the 20 designated PHC centres. For making diagnosis of depression, PHQ-9 scores of ≥ 10 confirmed the diagnosis. Interventions as specified in the depression module of mhGAP-IG were administered and patients were followed up for 6months. Data was analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 21.0. Frequency, mean, standard deviation and percentages were used to summarize descriptive statistics while the means of quantitative variables was compared with Independent T Test at level of statistical significance set at P<0.05 Results Among the 493 patients screened for depression, 26.8% were confirmed for depression. Mean score (19.8) for depression at Ogun West where screening was done with PHQ-2 and mhGAP-IG was significantly higher than Ogun Central (14.5) at P=0.001. Majority of the cases of depression were mild cases (50.8%). Majority (62.3%) of the patients were females. All the patients received psychological treatment while 55.3% were placed on amitriptyline with mean (SD) dose of 43.2(3.4) mg. At the end of 6 months follow up, about 75.8% of the patients recovered from depression with PHQ-9 score <5. Conclusion This study has demonstrated the possibility of training non-physician primary health care workers to improve detection and intervention for depression at the primary health care settings in Ogun state, Nigeria. Strategies that will improve recognition and treatment of cases of depression like mental health training on depression and routine screening of patients for depression using the PHQ-2 , PHQ-9 tools and the mhGAP-IG should form part of routine service package at the primary health care settings as these will improve detection and intervention for depression.
Involvement of the Gasotransmitter Hydrogen Sulfide in the Effectof Ozone on the Hemoglobin Oxygen Affinity
This paper presents current data on the blood oxygen transport function and the gasotransmitters system (hydrogen sulfide and nitric oxide) and their interconnection. Hydrogen sulfide contributes to the modification of hemoglobin oxygen affinity, which is achieved through various mechanisms: the formation of sulfhemoglobin, modulation of the intraerythrocytic 2,3-DPG system, the L-arginine-NO system, and also indirectly through systemic mechanisms of hemoglobin functional properties. Based on an analysis of literature and our own data, the role of hydrogen sulfide as a gasotransmitter in the formation of blood oxygen transport function and the development of oxidative damage and hypoxic conditions is discussed.
Empathy and Reading: Exploring Dialectical Bibliotherapy as anAdjunct Intervention for Cluster B Personality Disorders
Empathy deficits and emotional dysregulation are core features of Cluster B personality disorders, often contributing to interpersonal dysfunction and therapeutic resistance. This paper explores the therapeutic potential of guided literary fiction reading—termed Dialectical Bibliotherapy—as a novel adjunct intervention aimed at enhancing affective empathy and emotional literacy in individuals with borderline, narcissistic, histrionic, and antisocial personality traits. Drawing on Reader-Response Theory, the study frames literary fiction not merely as passive entertainment but as an interactive psychological encounter wherein readers engage with complex emotional landscapes and multifaceted character psychologies. The proposed intervention involves structured reading sessions of selected emotionally intense fiction, followed by reflective dialogue modeled after techniques in Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT). The therapeutic reading process aims to scaffold empathic resonance by fostering imaginative identification and symbolic processing in a non-threatening context. This interdisciplinary model draws from psychiatry, narrative theory, and affective neuroscience to argue that literature may serve not only as mirror but as mediator—offering patients the opportunity to safely rehearse empathy and reconfigure emotional scripts. The paper concludes by outlining a pilot framework for clinical application and calls for empirical validation through controlled trials.
Towards a Comprehensive Theory of Affectivity III. On the Affective Attachment and Affects. Tentative Conclusions about a Theory ofAffectivity based on Attachment Formation
This article is the third in a series, in which we wanted to compile our views on Affectivity, while exposing, for the first time, the perspectives that have emerged in recent times. The most noteworthy novelties, which we now provide, refer to a description of each of the states, or phases, through which both the positive and the negative attachment pass. In addition, we have dedicated a space to try to explain why, in certain moments or situations, the cycle, which provokes the attachment, destabilizes and disappears, or changes direction, from positive to negative. We have also devoted some space to explain how our research methodologies have been combined. Finally, we have stopped to discern on the present and future methods of knowledge transfer, more pertinent to the subject that concerns us; finding ourselves with the need of effective ways to explain and to discuss with professionals of the health and educational areas, the questions that are considered pertinent around intervention and/or therapeutic programs.
Shattering Glass Ceilings: Break Barriers and Pave the Way
Project Management Methodologies for Shattering the Glass Ceiling The "glass ceiling," a metaphor for invisible barriers hindering career advancement, particularly for women and underrepresented groups, persists despite progress. This research synthesizes current statistics on gender and ethnic disparities in workplace advancement, drawing from the 2024 Women in the Workplace Report and global leadership projections for 2025. Key findings reveal that for every 100 men promoted to manager in 2024, only 81 women were, with variations across racial groups: White women at 89, and Asian women at 99 per 100 men. While women's representation in senior leadership is projected to increase (e.g., 22.8% of CEO/Managing Director roles globally in 2025), significant gaps remain. Addressing these systemic barriers requires proactive strategies. This paper proposes leveraging project management methodologies – specifically SWOT and PEST analyses for personal career planning, the initiation phase for opportunity identification, monitoring and controlling for navigating backlash through self-advocacy, and the closing phase for legacy building and mentorship. By applying these frameworks, individuals can strategically plan their career trajectories, overcome obstacles, and actively contribute to dismantling the glass ceiling for future generations.
Socio-Demographic Characteristics, Perceived Contributory Factors and Personality Profiles of Alcohol and Opioid Users in SouthernAssam
Substance abuse comprises a broad spectrum of disorders with multi-etiological factors affecting an individual’s life in every domain (physiological, psychological, emotional, occupational, and social).
Computational Analysis of the Role of Epigenetics in Insomnia:A Higher-Order Adaptive Network Model
Insomnia Disorder (ID) is a prevalent stress-related sleep disorder involving burdening symptoms related to emotional disturbances. This paper introduces a higher-order adaptive dynamical system model to explore the potential role of epigenetic mechanisms in the development and persistence of ID. The model examines how epigenetic modifications, particularly in genes related to mechanisms of the sleep-wake regulation and stress response systems, may potentially contribute to the pathology of ID. Results of simulations of the model are reported in this study to underscore the complexity of ID as a dynamic and (mal-)adaptive system of emotion regulation and sleep-wake-regulation processes.
Differential Effects of Methylphenidate on Locus CoeruleusNeurons and Behavior Across Developmental Stages
The increasing use of Methylphenidate (MPD) among adolescents and adults raises important concerns regarding its developmental and long-term neurophysiological effects. This study examined behavioral and neuronal responses in the Locus Coeruleus (LC)—a critical hub for Norepinephrine (NE) signaling—following administration of various MPD doses in adolescent and adult rats. Four experimental groups were used for each age cohort: saline, 0.6, 2.5, and 10.0 mg/kg MPD. Animals received six consecutive daily MPD injections from Experimental Days (ED) 1 to 6, followed by a threeday washout period and a single rechallenge dose on ED10. A total of 174 adolescent and 157 adult rats were used for concurrent behavioral assessments, while LC neuronal activity was recorded from 409 and 461 neurons, respectively. Significant age-dependent differences emerged in both acute and chronic responses to MPD. As the MPD dose increased, a greater number of rats and LC neurons exhibited altered activity. Notably, some animals displayed behavioral and neuronal sensitization at all MPD doses, whereas others exhibited tolerance. These effects varied significantly between age and MPD groups in both magnitude and incidence. Furthermore, Baseline (BL) LC activity following the six-day MPD regimen and after the washout period(ED10) was markedly altered, particularly in adolescents, indicating withdrawal-related changes. These shifts in BL activity from ED1 to ED10 indicate the presence of withdrawal behavior. This study highlights clear age-dependent differences in response to chronic MPD exposure. The observed patterns of sensitization, tolerance, and withdrawal serve as potential experimental biomarkers for drug dependence, emphasizing the clinical relevance of these findings. Importantly, the results underscore the value of combining electrophysiological and behavioral analyses and reaffirm the central role of the LC and NE signaling in mediating MPD’s effects, with distinct implications for adolescent and adult populations
The Roy Kent Personality: Everyman Unleashed
Every once in a while, a television character comes along that embodies what the general public is feeling and experiencing. Everyone seems endeared by the character and understands completely what the character is thinking and feeling. There is a bit of Roy Kent in us all.
Conventional psychiatric treatments often fail to address certain severe mental disorders, particularly when symptoms persist despite normal clinical test results and extensive interventions. This case study documents the remarkable recovery of a young man from a debilitating, undiagnosed mental disorder through his mother’s dedicated practice of the Guan Yin Citta Dharma Door (心灵法门). For years, the patient endured extreme physical discomfort, emotional instability, and functional impairment, unresponsive to conventional medical treatments. Healing was facilitated through the Five Golden Buddhist Practices (五大法宝), encompassing making vows, reciting Buddhist scriptures, performing life liberation, studying Buddhism in Plain Terms, and practicing sincere repentance. Over nine years, the patient gradually regained physical function, emotional stability, and the ability to engage socially. This case supports the Buddhist perspective that mental illnesses may stem from spirit (a respectful term for ‘ghost’) disturbances, and that addressing these root causes through Dharma practice can lead to profound recovery. While not a replacement for medical care, the Guan Yin Citta Dharma Door offers a complementary approach for patients who have exhausted conventional treatment options.
The Impact of AI on Diagnosis and Treatment of Eating Disorders :Advancing Patient-Centered Care
Eating Disorders (EDs) are complex psychiatric conditions that often go underdiagnosed and undertreated. Artificial Intelligence (AI) offers new opportunities to enhance early detection, personalize treatment, and improve access to care. This narrative review synthesizes recent literature on the use of AI in the diagnosis and treatment of EDs, focusing on its potential to support patient-centered approaches. Studies show that machine learning models can accurately predict ED risk using data from self-reports, neuroimaging, and social media. Chatbots using natural language processing have demonstrated efficacy in delivering psychoeducation and reducing ED-related concerns, particularly among high-risk populations. AI tools are also being adopted by clinicians for administrative tasks and clinical decision support, though their impact on therapeutic outcomes remains limited. Despite these promising developments, challenges persist. Concerns about algorithmic bias, data privacy, lack of transparency, and limited real-world validation highlight the need for caution. Ethical questions surrounding the use of AI in emotionally sensitive care further complicate its integration. While AI shows strong potential to complement traditional ED care, its success depends on careful implementation, interdisciplinary collaboration, and ongoing research. When developed responsibly, AI can become a valuable tool in advancing equitable, effective, and patient-centered eating disorder services.
Overview of Ketamine Guidelines in Psychiatric Disorders
ketamine has antidepressive characters and approved by (FDA) for the induction and maintenance of anesthesia, Ketamine has been incorporated into the management of psychiatric disorders, such as Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) especially with suicidal ideation or attempting, and of label in management of Bipolar Disorder, Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD), Substance Use Disorders (SUD). Intravenous ketamine regimen is not a first-line management for psychiatric disorders and considered by the patient’s interdisciplinary team work after failure of standard treatment. Ketamine mechanism of action is different from existing treatments and has demonstrated efficacy in improving people with Major Depression Disorder where conventional first line management as antidepressants, psychotherapy, have not be fully effective.in this paper we discussed all aspects of ketamine Protocol and guidelines usages in psychiatric field.
he Multiple-Unit Firing Activity of Hippocampal CA1 Neurons Reflects Recent Prior Experience
The hippocampus plays an important role in the formation of episodic memory. To identify patterns of hippocampal firing activity specific to episodic memory, we performed Multiple-Unit Firing Activity (MUA) recognition using deep learning methods. Briefly, adult male rats habituated to their home cage experienced one of four experimental episodic stimuli (restraint stress, contact with a female rat, contact with a male rat, or contact with a novel object) for 10 minutes. The patterns of recorded brain spike signals (300–10 kHz) in hippocampal CA1 were classified using machine learning methods such as Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs), Support Vector Machines (SVMs), deep learning model VGG16, and combination models composed of VGG16 with SVM or VGG19 with SVM. As a result, the model of VGG19 with SVM detected MUA with ripple-like wave firings corresponding to specific episodes, achieving a validation accuracy of 96.79% which was the highest recognition rate in all of deep learning models. The results suggest that MUA of CA1 containing ripple firings corresponds to specific episodic memories. By capturing ripple firings, MUA analysis can assess and diagnose memory function, which may help detect various cognitive disorders.