Infectious Diarrhea, As Public Health Problem, In Romania

Abstract

Diarrhea had to be understood from medical point of view, as an alteration in a normal bowel movement characterized by an increase in the water content, volume, or frequency of stools. Acute diarrhea of infec¬tious etiology, referred to gastroenteri¬tis and is associated with clinical signs and symptoms including: nausea, vomiting, abdomi¬nal pain and cramps, bloating, flatulence, fever, passage of bloody stools, tenesmus, and fecal ur-gency disorders. In fact, Infectious diarrheal diseases, are the second leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide and can cause real public health problems. Such diarrhea was studied as a medical disorder, in a 3 year period, 2017-2020, in Transylvania region from Romania. We have found out 3577 number of cases, data which were transmitted by 12 district Sanitary Polices, to the Public Health Center. This all were mostly diagnosed by the territorial family doctors and more than 50%, have need hospitalization, for several days, because of several disease disorders. The detected infectious etiology, were determined in authorized laboratories, by identified: Shigella spp, Salmonella spp, Campylobacter spp, Yersinia spp, Rotavirus, Giardia. Most number of cases appeared in children, followed by elderly or adult people, as quantified number of determined infectious diarrheas. Acute diarrheal illness had to be considered a major public health issue, against which control efforts are needed. Public health surveillance of infectious acute diarrhea, include obligatory strategies of infection control.