Journal of Medical & Clinical Nursing is an open access peer-reviewed journal from the publishers of Scientific Research and Community (SRC) which publishes articles in the form of written, video and power-point presentations from the arena of Medical & Clinical Nursing. The journal focuses to build up accessing the complete content of articles freely from online for reader’s perusal. Article acceptance will be in the form of Research, Review, Case Reports, Analysis, Magazines, Editorials, Opinion, Communications, Mini-Review, Short Communications, Picturized, Book Review, Video Type and Power Point Presentations (PPTS). Articles can be submitted through online from https://srcpublishers.com/medical-clinical-nursing/user/register or can send through an Email with attachment for nursing@onlinescientificresearch.info 2.023 Impact Factor 84.5% Citations 90% Acceptance
The Power of Presence: How Leaders Can Transform Cultures, Break Barriers and Build Legacies
Sometimes it begins in a quiet moment—the one when you decide you will no longer sit silently when change is needed. I learned this early in my nursing career, long before “Director” was attached to my name. It happened the day I watched a brilliant nurse’s voice be dismissed in a meeting because she was “too passionate.” I spoke up. It wasn’t easy, but it was necessary. And that moment was a turning point, not just for her, but for me
Copyright (c) 2026 Journal of Medical & Clinical Nursing
Post Reperfusion Syndrome In Liver Transplant After NormothermicPerfusion
Introduction. Post reperfusion syndrome (PRS) is defined as severe haemodynamic instability, with a greater than 30% drop below the anhepatic mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) within 5 minutes of reperfusion sustained for at least 1 minute. It is an important factor in graft survival, recipient morbidity and mortality. The donor liver storage method may influence the incidence of PRS. Cooling the donor liver in cold storage (CS), is the conventional method. Normothermic Machine Perfusion (NMP) is a novel method that may reduce the incidence of PRS. Patients and Methods. Data from a previously published randomized trial comparing donor livers preserved with CS or NMP, using Organox machine (OX), was used to perform a retrospective analysis on 22 patients (11 CS, 11 OX). Recipient and donor demographics were evenly matched between patients. The primary outcome was the incidence of PRS with secondary outcomes being inotrope, blood product and fluid requirements. Data was examined for normality, and compared using Fisher exact test or Mann-Whitney. Results. PRS occurred in 54% (n=6) of the CS group compared to 18% (n=2) of the OX group, p=0.183. The percentage drop in MAP was significantly lower for the OX group (15.8%) compared with the CS group (40%) p= 0.007. Total amount of adrenaline used was lower in the OX group compared with the CS group, p=0.088. Total amount and number of patients on noradrenaline was similar between groups. Total fluids administered was less for the OX group (5090 mls) compared within the CS group (7419 mls) p=0.365. The OX group received less blood products in the post reperfusion phase compared to the CS group, however this was not statistically significant. Discussions and Conclusions: We observed a reduced incidence of PRS in patients receiving NMP compared to CS livers, with improved haemodynamics and lower adrenaline requirements.
An Innovative Nursing Management Solution to Improve Community-Based Health in Prisons: Modelling in Ireland for a Global Approach to Community-Based Health in Detention
Smart diagnosis has been used successfully in a variety of healthcare applications over the last decade. Early detection and diagnosis of heart disease is critical; heart patients can be treated very effectively if they are treated before they suffer a heart attack. Researchers in this field have recently introduced a number of deep learning-based systems for predicting and diagnosing heart disease. However, because of the lack of an intelligent framework that can use multiple sources of data to predict heart disease, these systems are incapable of handling high-dimensional data sets. In this paper, an intelligent health monitoring / prediction model is proposed to predict Cardiovascular disease using modern AI algorithms, which aids in correctly diagnosing heart disease and attempting to reduce the expected error rate. For training the proposed model, a dataset is prepared here, and modern AI algorithms such as K-NN, DT, NB, MLP Classifier, Feed forward ANN, and CNN were used. The proposed system has demonstrated reliability, with an accuracy of 91.27% using the convolutional NN. As a result, the proposed model can be used in an intelligent healthcare system as a disease diagnosis tool.
Cardiology at a Crossroads: From Volume to Value in the IndianContext
Cardiovascular disease remains the leading cause of death in India, despite major advances in cardiology. This editorial highlight the growing disconnect between technological progress and equitable, outcome-driven care. Key challenges include early-onset coronary artery disease, gaps between guidelines and real-world practice, limited emphasis on prevention, and variability in access to evidence-based therapies. The need for context-sensitive guidelines, indigenous research, ethical practice, and strengthened training is emphasized. The potential of digital health to reduce care disparities is discussed, alongside the importance of patient-centered, value-based cardiology. A balanced approach integrating innovation, affordability, and prevention is essential for improving cardiovascular outcomes in India.
Mucormycosis (Black fungus): An Emerging Fatal Mycosis of21st Century- An Overview of History, Epidemiology, ClinicalSpectrum, Diagnostic Approaches and Treatment
Mucormycosis (zygomycosis, black fungus), is an emerging, noncontagious, opportunistic, life-threatening disease of sinuses, lungs, skin and brain of immunocompromised individuals, caused by the mucoraceous fungi. Friedrich Küchenmeister, a German physician, discovered the first case of mucormycosis in 1855. The fungal infections of humans, called mycoses, are a growing global health concern affecting more than one billion people causing over 3.75 million deaths each year. Due to the global surge in mucormycosis incidence with a marked increase in India and China especially among patients with uncontrolled diabetes mellitus (DM), it is designed as an emerging fatal mycosis of the 21st century. Globally, 39 fungal species belonging to 11 genera of Mucoromycetes (Mucoromycota) are involved in mucormycosis. Seventy-five percent incidences of mucormycosis are caused by the 3 genera Rhizopus, Mucor, Lichtheimia, and Rhizopus arrhizus (R. oryzae) alone is the main causative agent involved in 50 % of all cases of mucormycosis globally. The mortality rate is much higher in mucormycosis, considered to be an emerging mycosis, compared to aspergillosis and candidiasis, the two other fatal emerging mycoses. The infection mainly occurs when the fungal spores (sporangiospores) are inhaled by humans from the environment of the saprophytic mucoraceous fungi occurring in soil and decomposing plant residues. The inhalation is the most common mode of transmission compared to inoculation and ingestion. The epidemiology and mortality, despite antifungal therapy, has shown an exponential rise, the disease named as “black fungus” in 2021 following the second wave of COVID-19 pandemic. Prevalence of mucormycosis in India is nearly 80 times higher than global picture. Histopathological microscopic examination of stained biopsy samples for nonseptate wide hyphae and identification of fungi based on fungal culturing are often used in diagnosing mucormycosis. Molecular (PCR- based fungal DNA), qPCR kits, protein homolog in spore coating, serology, and imaging techniques are the other diagnostic techniques. Early diagnosis and prompt initiation of antifungal therapy along with surgery and control of risk factors are needed for successful management of mucormycosis. Antifungal drugs to treat mucormycosis include: amphotericin B, Isavuconazole, posaconazole and itraconazole, the former two recommended by the USFDA for the primary therapy. Amphotericin B, preferably liposomal amphotericin B (L- AMB), is the drug of choice globally for managing mucormycosis of various types: rhino-orbital-cerebral, pulmonary, gastrointestinal, cutaneous, renal, disseminated and COVID-19-associated mucormycosis.
Comparing USA and Mexico Response to COVID as well asIncidence and Death Toll for the First 6 Months from February2020 to August 2020 and the Pandemic on June 1st 2021
Both Mexico and United States share a border as well as Mexico being the country with the most American citizens living abroad and United States housing millions of individuals of Mexican descent, Covid 19 has impacted the world and both countries health system Mexico having to deal with the impact of a pandemic with a much lower budget and personnel compared to United States and aswell United States having to deal with a pandemic occurring in a country with more 330,000,000 persons of all type of ethnicities United states has being the country with the most cases confirmed of covid 19 in the World in this article we will compare the first 6 months of covid 19 in Mexico as well as in the United States and current data for nowadays of Covid 19.
Copyright (c) 2021 Journal of Medical & Clinical Nursing
The Experience of Separation and Grief Among Family Members of Hospitalized African American Patients Who Expired FromCOVID-19
The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic highlighted multiple consternations in our healthcare system, among which were the lack of preparedness of our federal public health response, impact on our frontline responders, recognition and contributions and burden on our essential workers, and disparity in health challenges and outcomes among minority patients diagnosed with the disease. However, little focus has been given to understanding the experience of abrupt separation and grief on the family members of COVID-19 patients. The purpose of this study was to understand, using a phenomenological design, the experience of separation and grief among family members of a group of African American patients who were hospitalized and subsequently expired from COVID-19 during the first surge of the pandemic. A purposive sample of 10 family members of patients who were hospitalized with and later expired from COVID-19 were recruited. Data collection was conducted using unstructured interviews. To capture the essences and meaning of this lived experience, the study was underpinned by Heidegger’s ( 1962) phenomenological perspective and was guided by van Manen’s ( 1990) methodological activities. The findings revealed that, for these participants, lived time was a marker of the rhythmic patterns of events during the experience, lived space was the confrontation of new limitations amid the dynamics of chaos and uncertainty, and lived relation (i.e., relationality) highlighted the caring/noncaring attributes of social and healthcare networks and their embrace of spirituality while coping with stigma and blame. Lived body emoted the parallel physical and emotional manifestation of the disease.
Humanitarian Crises, A Roadblock to Global Health Vaccinationand Immunisation Initiatives
Background: Humanitarian crises have a significant negative impact on global health initiatives. Humanitarian crises, driven by conflict and natural disasters, result in population displacement, and significantly affect healthcare and routine immunisation services. Problem: Vaccination and immunisation efforts in crisis-affected areas are hindered by broken logistics and supply chain systems, resulting in delayed deliveries, and weakened health infrastructure. Population displacement leads to overcrowding, and increased transmission of Vaccine-Preventable Diseases (VPDs). The resultant fragile governance limits coordination between government and humanitarian partners, leading to an increase in zero-dose and under-immunised children. Aim: This article analyses the mechanisms by which humanitarian crises disrupt vaccines supply chains and coverage, using the Cameroon conflict as a case study, and proposes integrated response strategies. Method: We conducted a narrative review of peer-reviewed and institutional literature published between 2015 and 2025 on vaccination in humanitarian and conflict-affected settings. We complemented this review with a qualitative case study using routine immunisation reports, outbreak investigation summaries, program monitoring data, and stakeholder field experiences from the Northwest and Southwest regions of Cameroon between 2019 and 2025. We synthesized findings thematically, focusing on health system disruptions, supply chain constraints, service delivery barriers, and surveillance breakdowns. Results: We observe broken health systems from armed conflict, leading to compromised delivery of health commodities, a preponderance in unimmunised and under immunised children in conflict laden areas of the world. The direct result is outbreaks, and increased under-5 morbidity and mortality. Impact: In Cameroon, VPDs have resurged over the past four years, including poliomyelitis, measles, yellow fever, and neonatal tetanus, especially in the crisis-hit regions, such as the Wabane and Eyumodjock health districts in the Southwest Region. This resurgence is not unique to Cameroon. Other conflictaffected countries report similar findings regarding VPDs. These trends illustrate how insecurity and logistical challenges compromise vaccine delivery and handling, as well as vaccination coverage, thereby threatening immunisation goals. Conclusion: The interplay between humanitarian crises and immunisation underscores the urgent need to integrate resilience and emergency response into vaccination strategies. Strengthening these systems is critical to improving coverage, protecting vulnerable populations, and advancing progress toward Sustainable Development Goal 3, with vaccination remaining central to health equity.
Integrating Medical Outreach into Nurse Practitioner Education:Advancing Clinical Competence, Social Accountability, and HealthEquity
As healthcare systems confront widening health inequities, workforce shortages, and complex global health challenges, nurse practitioner (NP) education must evolve beyond traditional clinical training models. Medical outreach initiatives provide immersive, community-centered learning environments that align clinical skill development with social accountability and health equity. This article examines the importance of integrating structured medical outreach opportunities into NP curricula and training, emphasizing their role in enhancing clinical competence, cultural humility, interprofessional collaboration, and ethical practice. A narrative review of the literature was conducted, synthesizing evidence from global health education, service-learning, interprofessional practice, and competency-based NP education. A case exemplar from a long-standing academic community partnership is incorporated to illustrate best practices. Medical outreach experiences strengthen diagnostic reasoning, adaptability, leadership, and patient-centered care. When embedded longitudinally and ethically, outreach initiatives align with AACN Essentials, NP core competencies, and World Health Organization frameworks for social accountability and interprofessional education. Medical outreach is not supplemental but essential to preparing nurse practitioners capable of addressing health inequities in diverse settings. Academic leaders are encouraged to embed outreach within NP curricula through structured partnerships, reflective pedagogy, and competency-based assessment.
Treating Adolescent Sexual Victimization: A Concise Review ofEpidemiology, Neurobiological Consequences, and Evidence BasedInterventions
Sexual victimization of adolescents represents a critical public health concern with particularly elevated prevalence in low- and middle-income countries including Bangladesh. This narrative review synthesizes evidence on epidemiology, neurobiological mechanisms, and evidence-based treatments for adolescent sexual victimization. Global prevalence ranges from 3-41.5%, with girls disproportionately affected. The review covers Trauma-Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (TF-CBT) and Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) as primary evidence-based psychotherapies, neurobiological changes in posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and contextual factors unique to Bangladesh including legal gaps, stigma, and limitedservice infrastructure. Recommendations address legal reforms, institutional strengthening, and community awareness programs essential for effective response in resource-limited settings.
PTSD, Trauma- Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy
Copyright (c) 2025 Journal of Medical & Clinical Nursing
Sling Gauze Technique for the Positioning of RAE Tube in InfantsUndergoing Head and Neck Surgeries
In order to maintain anaesthesia with minimal complications, one of the vital steps is securing a stable oral endotracheal tube. The endotracheal tube may be displaced and become unstable due to suctioning, change in the position of the head and patient care. Poor fixation of the endotracheal tube is one of the leading causes of accidental extubation. The ideal endotracheal tube stabilisation method must allow changes in position of the infant during care while simultaneously minimising movement of the tube. The relatively short tracheal length in small children and infants is a major reason why placing the endotracheal tube (ETT) in the proper position may be difficult. The endotracheal tube may migrate cephalad with neck extension and caudally with neck flexion due to changes in the position of the head, such as extension or flexion of the neck. Sometimes, a well secured tube may also cause abnormalities in ventilation due to the dynamic positioning during surgeries on the cranium. Here, we present to you a technique where the oral endotracheal tube fixation at the lips, can be manoeuvred to change its depth of insertion by millimetres by a simple easily available device in the operation theatre.
Weight Loss with Acarbose and Metformin May be Curative in Early Phases of Diabetes Mellitus
Background: Atherosclerosis may be the main cause of diabetes mellitus (DM). Methods: All patients with sickle cell diseases (SCD) were included. Results: We studied 222 males and 212 females with similar ages (30.8 vs 30.3 years, p>0.05, respectively). Smoking (23.8% vs 6.1%, p<0.001), alcohol (4.9% vs 0.4%, p<0.001), transfused red blood cells (RBC) in their lives (48.1 vs 28.5 units, p=0.000), disseminated teeth losses (5.4% vs 1.4%, p<0.001), ileus (7.2% vs 1.4%, p<0.001), stroke (12.1% vs 7.5%, p<0.05), chronic renal disease (CRD) (9.9% vs 6.1%, p<0.05), cirrhosis (8.1% vs 1.8%, p<0.001), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (25.2% vs 7.0%, p<0.001), coronary heart disease (18.0% vs 13.2%, p<0.05), leg ulcers (19.8% vs 7.0%, p<0.001), and clubbing (14.8% vs 6.6%, p<0.001) were all higher in males. Conclusion: As an accelerated atherosclerotic process, hardened RBC-induced capillary endothelial damage terminates with multiorgan insufficiencies in early decades in the SCD. Although atherosclerotic endpoints are common, we detected no case of DM probably due to lower body mass indexes. As the most common cause of CRD, DM may be an atherosclerotic endpoint, too. Increased blood and insulin needs of excess fat tissue in contrast to decreased blood supply of the excess tissue and pancreas both due to excess pressure on vasculature, externally and atherosclerosis, internally may be significant in the development of DM. Acarbose and metformin are safe, cheap, oral, long-term used, and effective drugs for loss of excess fat which may even be curative in early phases of DM before development of fibrotic changes on vasculature.
Variability, Severity, Preventability, and Outcomes of Adverse DrugReactions to HIF-PHIs in CKD Case Reports: A Systematic Review
Background: Underdiagnosed and undertreated renal anaemia remains an issue among individuals with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Hypoxiainducible factor prolyl-hydroxylase inhibitors (HIF-PHIs) offer significant options. However, there are unmapped areas regarding adverse drug reactions (ADRs) to HIF-PHIs. Thus, this systematic review aims to find ADRs to HIF-PHIs and analyse their variability, severity, preventability, and outcomes in individual CKD patients reported as case reports. Methods: A literature search of published case reports was conducted between 2018 and 2024 across various electronic sources. Of the total identified studies (N=2123), only 8 case reports (13 patients) were included after applying inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results: ADRs to roxadustat (8/13;61.5%) and daprodustat (5/13;38.5%) included retinal haemorrhage (7.7%), hypertension (15.4%), stroke (23.1%), hypothyroidism (7.7%), rhabdomyolysis (7.7%), and elevation of serum copper (38.4%). The mean ADRs time-to-onset was 6.5 months. Specific causality and non-preventability of ADRs to HIF-PHIs were confirmed in one report (1/8;12.5%), and definite probability and severity in two reports (2/8;25%) due to HIF-PHIs ADRs. Conclusion: This review suggests HIF-PHIs could be safe for patients to treat CKD anaemia. Thanks to personalised dosages that maintain the recommended Hb value and sufficient management of comorbidities, the probability and severity of ADRs could be decreased.
Copyright (c) 2024 Journal of Medical & Clinical Nursing
Predictive Values of CSF Ferritin in Cognitive Assessment ofPatients after Acute Central Nervous System Infections
CNS infections represent a unique challenge to clinicians due to significant morbidity and mortality. The role of ferritin as a reactant of various pathological conditions is currently being intensively investigated. The pathogenesis of cognitive impairment after acute neuroinfectious disease is not yet fully understood. It is believed to be a direct consequence of neuronal damage by the infection, but also by the activation of immunocompetent brain cells, with consequent disruption of signal conduction in a varying period of time after the infection has resolved. The aim of the study is to examine the prediction of ferritin on the degree of cognitive impairment in patients who have suffered from a CNS infection. The values of CSF ferritin were evaluated in three analyzed groups of subjects (bacterial, viral and group with normal CSF findings - meningism). The analyzed clinical data were correlated with the degree of neurocognitive impairment, and the relationship between CSF ferritin and the degree of cognitive impairment was analyzed. The conducted research is a retrospective-prospective analytical and clinical study that was conducted in the period from 01.01.2017 to 01.01.2020. The research includes 90 patients according to previously nominated criteria, divided into three groups, two “examined” and one “control”. The assessment of the cognitive status of the subjects was performed using the MMSE test. The SPSS for Windows software package (version 20.0, SPSS INC, Chicago, Illinois, USA) was used for statistical analysis of the obtained data. We confirmed that the CSF protein ferritin is a good predictor of distinguishing purulent from viral meningitis / meningoencephalitis. The obtained results did not confirm the hypothesis that elevated CSF ferritin values have a negative impact on cognition. Impairment of individual domains of cognition measured by MMSE I, such as “attention”, “calculation” and “memory” are more pronounced in purulent CNS infections. Impairment of individual domain MMSE II “calculation” is more pronounced in the purulent CNS infection category
Financing for Universal Health Coverage, A Myth or a Realityin Low- and Middle- Income Countries (LMICs): The Case ofCameroon
The 17 Global Sustainable Development Goals were conceived and adopted by the United Nations in 2015, with an overall purpose to end poverty while protecting the planet and ensuring global peace and prosperity by 2030. One of the goals, Goal 3, directly relates to health by proclaiming good Health and wellbeing. Target 3.8 focuses on Universal Health Coverage (UHC). Universal Health Coverage is enshrined in the concept that all people have access to the full range of quality health services they need, when and where they need them, without suffering financial hardship. Therefore, UHC encourages financial risk protection including access to safe, effective, quality affordable essential medicines and vaccines to all. The achievement of target 3.8 of the Global Goals entails Government engagement and good political will in healthcare financing to limit out-of-pocket financing of healthcare. This can be achieved through dedicated government budgets to finance various aspects of the healthcare delivery system including essential medicines and health commodities, as well as health facilities within the rural communities. To realise this dedicated government funding, a structured questionnaire shall be administered to commercial directors of Brasseries du Cameroun, Guinness Cameroun, Kadji Beer Company, and Tobacco factories in Cameroon. The current rate of out-of-pocket financing of healthcare in Cameroon is approximately 70%. Thousands of families still suffer financial hardship. Besides, long travel distances to the nearest health facility, with no road networks are real obstacles to access to healthcare. This in turn affects targets 3.1 to 3.4 of the global goals. The current healthcare expenditure in Cameroon is 3.82% of GDP as of 2021, below the African average of 5.76%, the Sub-Saharan Africa average of 5.10% and the global average of 7.02% GDP. Considering the low political will, the low current healthcare spending, and the current crisis that are almost paralysing the economy, as recommendation, dedicated taxes on some commodities consumed within the country as source of finance to exclusively finance healthcare in enclaved areas of the country so that all people can indeed have access to the healthcare they need and where they need without suffering financial hardship.
A Complex Case of Febrile Illness in an Elderly Male withNeurological Symptoms and Negative Csf Cytopathology: ADiagnostic and Management Challenge
An elderly male in his eighties presented with persistent high-grade fever, altered mental status, and features suggesting central nervous system (CNS) involvement. The clinical picture was concerning for infectious or inflammatory encephalopathy. The diagnostic workup included cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis, cartridge-based nucleic acid amplification test (CBNAAT), line probe assay (LPA), cytopathology, fungal microscopy, and aerobic culture. Despite significant systemic symptoms, CSF analyses returned negative for tuberculosis, fungal infection, and malignant cytology. MRI and MR spectroscopy findings revealed pontine hyperintensities and metabolic abnormalities suggestive of neuronal dysfunction. The imaging also showed decreased N-acetylaspartate (NAA) and elevated choline, with a lactate peak—findings supportive of encephalopathy or inflammatory pathology. Treatment was initiated empirically with broad-spectrum antibiotics, antifungals, and supportive neurological and systemic care. Electrolyte imbalance and hypertension were addressed promptly. Despite extensive diagnostics, no specific pathogen was identified, and the patient’s clinical course required close multidisciplinary monitoring. The case exemplifies the diagnostic and therapeutic challenges posed by febrile encephalopathy in the elderly, where overlapping features of metabolic, infectious, and vascular etiologies complicate definitive diagnosis. This report highlights the role of advanced imaging and CSF analysis in guiding management when primary infectious markers are inconclusive. Further follow-up, especially with culture data and clinical evolution, remains essential for ongoing care.
Novel Emerging Inflammatory Biomarkers Predict the Coronary Artery Diseases-Related Complications: An Integrative Review
This integrative Review aims to evaluate the utility of novel emerging inflammatory biomarkers in predicting major adverse cardiac events (MACEs) in patients with acute coronary artery disease (CAD). Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), primarily driven by myocardial ischemia due to atherosclerosis, are the leading cause of global morbidity and mortality. Traditional biomarkers have offered mixed prognostic capabilities, necessitating the exploration of new markers that encompass complete blood count (CBC) parameters and CBC-derived indices. We conducted a comprehensive review, following PRISMA guidelines, and searched databases such as PubMed, Web of Science, ERIC, and Science Direct up to May 2023, focusing on inflammatory indices and their correlation with cardiovascular outcomes. The selected studies, published within the last five years and meeting our inclusion criteria, provided data on various biomarkers including Platelet Distribution Width (PDW), Mean Reticulocyte Volume, and systemic inflammatory indices such as Neutrophil-to- Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR) and Platelet-to-Lymphocyte Ratio (PLR). Emerging indices like the Systemic Inflammatory Index (SII) demonstrated significant predictive power for both short-term and long-term cardiovascular complications. Our findings suggest that these novel biomarkers, particularly CBCderived indices, offer valuable prognostic information that could enhance clinical decision-making in managing coronary artery disease. Further research and standardization are required to fully integrate these biomarkers into routine clinical practice.
Nursing informatics plays an essential role in modern healthcare by merging the disciplines of nursing, computer science, and information technology. It involves the use of technology to enhance nursing practice and improve patient care outcomes. This paper explores the evolving role of nursing informatics, particularly in the context of artificial intelligence, and highlights its significance in clinical decision-making. Additionally, it discusses the growing need for nursing informatics education and competencies to meet the demands of today’s healthcare systems. As healthcare becomes increasingly data-driven, the ability of nurses to effectively use technology and information systems is paramount. By integrating electronic health records (EHRs), decision support systems, and artificial intelligence, nursing informatics enables more efficient workflows, better clinical outcomes, and enhanced patient safety. The future of nursing is inextricably linked to the continued advancement and adoption of informatics tools that will help shape both patient care and the nursing profession itself.
The Challenge of Post-Acute Compliance with Infection Preventionand Control
Healthcare-acquired infections (HAIs), also known as nosocomial infections, are infections that patients acquire while receiving treatment for other conditions within a healthcare setting. These infections pose a significant challenge to healthcare systems worldwide, affecting millions of patients each year and leading to substantial economic burdens and adverse health outcomes.
Tension and Pulse at Intubation before and after 5 Minutes onNeurology Patients with General Anaesthesia: An ObservationalStudy
Background: General anesthesia is still the best choice for neurosurgery, even it must be maintained so that the airway remains open. Airway management measures that can be carried out in several ways include intubation using laryngoscopy. There may be an increase in the hemodynamic response, namely blood pressure and pulse rate starting from 5 seconds after intubation. However, it is still being debated by experts. The aim of this study was to determine blood pressure and pulse frequency after being given Fentanyl and after the 5th minute of intubation in neurosurgical patients under general anesthesia. Method: An observational research design, 30 neurosurgical patients using fentanyl 2 mcg/kg BW and intubation techniques. The variables measured were blood pressure and pulse frequency after being given Fentanyl and after 5 minutes of intubation. The instruments used were an intra-anesthetic Hemodynamic Observation Sheet, a watch, and a bedside monitor. Data was analyzed using the independent T-test with a level of confidence 95%. Results: The results showed that there was an increase in the average Systolic blood pressure (p value 0.009) and pulse frequency (before intubation) and after intubation at the 5th minute (p value 0,000). Conclusion: The study can trigger anesthesia experts to look forward to this problem appropriately.
Menstrual Hygiene Management Practice and Associated Factorsamong Urban and Rural Primary School Adolescent Girls inGondar City Administration and Gondar Zuriya District NorthwestEthiopia, 2021
Background: Menstrual hygiene management is the practice done by girls or women through; using a clean material, changing a private way body using water with soap,and having disposal facilities. It is insufficiently acknowledged among adolescent school girls in Ethiopia. Therefore, understanding the level of hygiene management practice and identifying determinant factors is a crucial first step to taking appropriate interventions. Method: An -institution-based cross-sectional study design was employed among 335 urban adolescent girls from March to April 2021.Study participants were selected by using a multistage stratified sampling technique. Aninterviewer-administered structured questionnaire was used for data collection. The data were entered by using EPI INFO version 7.2 and analyzed by using STATA version 14.1 software. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression analysis with a 95% confidence interval was employed. A P-value< 0.05 was considered as statistically significant and AOR with a 95% confidence interval was considered to show the strength of the association. Result: Overall, prevalence of menstrual hygiene practice among adolescents’ girls were 66.0% (95% CI: 60.7, 70.9) among urban school girls. urban residence [AOR= 3.41(95% CI: 1.1, 10.58), media exposure for SNP advertisement [AOR=2.43 (95%CI; 1.08, 5.48)], good menstrual knowledge [AOR=3.68 (95% CI: 1.76, 7.69)], female toilet inside locked [AOR=2.66 (95%CI; 1.1, 6.45)], girls who have private room at home [AOR=3.53(95% CI: 1.46, 8.5)], good water accessibility (AOR=3.35(95% CI:(1.62,6.95), gain information from friends [AOR=3.35(95%CI:1.04,10.77)] were found to be significantly associated with good MHP among overall school adolescent girls. Conclusion: Though the overall prevalence of the study was low.it was relatively better among urban school girls. It shows a significant variation between the urban and rural study groups. Therefore, Implementation of girl friendly WASH services in all schools should be applied, health education should be strengthened, WASH facilities constructed at school levels, free discussion with parents and teachers in order to practice safe MHM.
The nursery medical services and knowledge is attracting un-precedent attentions. Nursery knowledge and education in areas of healthcare and medical fields change a lot. However, sustainable supporting in funding, position and technology can be further improving. The different pressures and personal condition of nurses may be eased in the clinic. This editorial discusses these medical translations for nursery services and knowledge in details.
Challenges and difficulties of Nursing Students, at the Universityof Gjakova, in Relation to Work and Employment Models
Migration is a very complex and challenging factor in Kosovo, whose trends continue to play an extraordinary role in the economic and political developments in the country. Historically, Kosovo has faced the departure of citizens towards developed western countries, whose main destinations have been Germany, Switzerland and Austria. Despite the fact that the majority of the Kosovar diaspora lives in Germany, the migration reforms, driven mainly as a result of the labor shortage in Germany, continue to attract Kosovars, influencing that the trend of emigration still continues to a large extent. Only in 2021, 21,487 people entered Germany from Kosovo, and 4,323 people originating from Kosovo left Germany, where the net migration in this year was 17,164 people. Human capital and a qualified workforce that can satisfy the labor market’s needs for skills and drive innovation are essential for increasing competitiveness, attracting investment and the ecological and digital transition of the region. They are also the main pillars of an economy’s resilience and prosperity, which is particularly important in a changing international environment and its consequences covid-19 pandemic. The continued high levels of labor force emigration, especially of young talents, constitute a serious development challenge for the region. While they relieve pressure from the labor market and reduce unemployment levels, they also promote and accentuate the region’s apparent skills mismatches and shortages; they, in turn, reduce the growth potential of local companies and may prevent potential investors from finding adequate skills. Creating the right conditions for attracting investment and creating new jobs by stimulating career prospects – while producing skills that match the needs of the labor market – is a prerequisite for building a resilient economy and retaining or attracting of talents. Globalization and the increased interconnection of economies, societies and cultures also extends to higher education and academic life. The internationalization of higher education serves as a context, at the same time it is driven by the mobility of students between countries and institutions in different parts of the world. In addition to the physical movement of students, there are other initiatives that globalize education such as international research networks, harmonization of curricula, online courses, university branches in different countries, bilateral and multilateral schemes for the exchange of students and staff, and the prevalence of English as a global academic language. Chamber of Nurses of Kosovo (OIK), reports that during 2023, the Chamber has issued 713 licenses for nurses, certificates that serve them for employment abroad. “According to the statistics, the year 2021 has seen a decline, of course, based on the analysis, the pandemic is also the cause. The increase was in 2022, which started significantly, and 543 nurses from all over Kosovo applied for non-plasticizing licenses. While in 2023 this number has increased, it means that by the 25th of December they requested 713 non-plasticized licenses, which means that they are looking for these licenses to migrate to the countries of the region and to develop the profession further “.
Hyper-Stimulation of the Endometrial Thickness and Egg Relaeseof Women between the Ages of 18-46 years in Imo State, Nigeria
The uterus is a dynamic tissue under the control of ovarian steroids, estrogen and progesterone, it comprises of endometrial layer of the uterus which undergoes proliferation, secretion and menstrual cycle to reach the receptive state in the implantation of the embryo. Endometrial thickness and growth during ovarian stimulation is a possible predator of implantation in invitro fertilization. Objective: To ascertain the endometrial thickness and number of ovulation egg released by hyper-stimulation. Research Design: The study population contains 10 women aged 18-46 years. Groups were randomly selected from clients that came to seek for medical help in vaden specialist clinic, Owerri, Imo State Nigeria. Result: The age group 18-25 had the highest thickness of endometrium (45MM thick) while the age group 36-40 had the least thickness of endometrium (7MM thick). The age group 20-25 produced the greatest quantity of eggs (53.8%) while the age group 36-40 produced the least quantity of eggs (0.77%). Summary: This study has shown that Endometrial thickness increases under hormonal influence which affect the egg release from the ovaries.
Effective Strategies for Managing Substance Use Disorders in OlderAdults in Nursing Homes
Substance use disorder is very prevalent in nursing home (NH) residents due to aging, the number of prescription drugs that are being used to manage their physical and psychological pain, and several discharges with the diagnosis of substance use disorder from hospitals to NH for aftercare support. However, many nursing homes are not equipped to provide adequate care for residents with a diagnosis of substance use. The staff is not well-trained to care for this type of population, which is becoming a challenge for the staff to manage residents in-house, leading to overdose, recurrent hospitalization, and unsuccessful discharges to communities due to relapses and an increase in the number of frequent flyers. Substance use disorder has become a significant public health concern in the United States, especially in the older population from the past couple of decades, which tends to increase. Discharging older adults with substance use disorders into nursing homes without ensuring established resources in the long-term care setting raises safety and quality concerns, emphasizing a pressing need for innovative preventive and management approaches for substance use disorders to meet unique needs of older adults in nursing homes. Purpose: The purpose of the study is to explore and identify the interventions, treatments and care models to effectively manage substance use disorders in older residents who are living in nursing homes. The study further focuses on the unique challenges that are faced by older adults and staff in nursing homes to understand the need for integrating addiction treatments in Long-term care settings to assess the need to enhance care strategies to improve resident outcomes, which includes handling overdose emergencies, prevention, rehabilitation and relapse management of substance use disorders (SUDs). Scope: Provides valuable insights for future researchers and points out the need for collaborative models among the rehabilitation, addiction centers, and LTC and the need for virtual health platforms to improve access to care, interdisciplinary approaches, and policy innovation on resident retention and optimum resource allocation to reduce the health care cost of frequent flyers or unnecessary hospitalizations, therefore, improve patient outcomes.
Cardiac Auscultation: A Practical Method for Instruction andLearning
In response to the worldwide deficiency in the use of standard acoustic stethoscopes for the analysis of cardiac disorders, we have developed a cost-free platform for learning and teaching of cardiac auscultation by combining graphic images with actual patient recordings.
Laparoscopy Supports Implementation of Primary Infertility Diagnosis and Treatment: Case Reports
Background: Infertility is defined as conception failure in couples who have had sexual activity without regular contraception for one year and are still not pregnant. Abnormalities in the fallopian tube have the highest percentage of 30-45% as a cause of infertility. Hydrosalping is a condition where one or both fallopian tubes have fluid-containing clots and is the cause of 25–30% of all infertility cases. The condition of the fallopian tube and its patency can be detected with a hysterosalpingogram (HSG). Although a HSG examination can give a picture of the uterine cavity and tubes, other abnormalities such as adhesion and endometriosis are sometimes not detected. So, laparoscopy can be used to solve this problem. Results: We reported that a 27-year-old woman, Para 0, Abortus 0, came to the gynecology department with a major complaint of infertility. At the HSG examination, an unpatented right fallopian tube was found. So, the patient underwent laparoscopy, but both fallopian tubes were found in a patent state, and there was a tubal attachment on the omentum and a paratuba cyst, so adhesionolysis and cystectomy were performed. It can be concluded that tubal abnormalities can be detected more clearly with laparoscopy than with HSG. Conclusions: Laparoscopic is more recommended in cases of primary infertility, but further research to compare or combine these two modalities is still imperative.
Some contemporary organizations are going through a state of administrative corruption, which is represented by the organization’s leadership dismissing distinguished employees, either for the purposes of preserving the job position, or for the purposes of revenge for personal goals, or because it is convinced of the necessity of introducing new blood into the organization and replacing it with old blood.
Hybrid Prisms: Transforming Medical Imaging Technology
This research article delves into the groundbreaking use of hybrid prisms in X-ray imaging devices, emphasizing their role in enhancing the precision and efficiency of imaging systems. A hybrid prism, which integrates the functions of a lens and a reflective prism, is a versatile optical component capable of manipulating electromagnetic waves across a spectrum of wavelengths, including visible light and X-rays. This technology significantly improves the focusing and imaging capabilities of X-ray devices, making it indispensable in fields such as medical diagnostics.
Organoleptic Quality and Chemical Quality of Fish Meatspogo(Aluterus Monoceros) with Substitution Moringa Leaf (MoringaOleifera Lam)
Introduction: Meatballs are one of the most popular products by consumers. Until now, the meatballs have a standard taste so that it has the potential to be developed, one of which is being developed by adding new innovations to the pogo fish ball product with the addition of Moringa leaves. Pogo fish (aluterus monoceros) is a fish that is easy to find in coastal areas with cheap and affordable prices, this fish should be consumed by coastal communities because it can improve the nutritional status of children during growth. Moringa (Moringa oleifera) is a plant that is widely available in the surrounding environment and has leaves that contain vitamin A, tannins, steroids, flavonoids and other compounds that are beneficial to the body. This study aims to determine the acceptability and chemical analysis of the nutritional content of pogo fish balls with the addition of Moringa leaves. Method: The type of research used is descriptive. The panelists in this study were as many as 25 people who were selected from level II and III students of the D-IV Nutrition Study Program. Panelists are required to be healthy, not sick, not smoking, not color blind, not hungry and willing. The data collection technique carried out an acceptance test in the taste test laboratory, majoring in nutrition, and a chemistry test at the laboratory of the Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences (FMIPA) at Haluoleo University in 2022. Results: The research shows that the panelists’ acceptance is the taste received by the panelists, namely the X1 treatment. The aroma received by the panelists was in the X1 treatment. The color received by the panelists is in the X2 treatment. The texture received by the panelists is in the X1 treatment. The highest chemical quality was obtained by product X3 protein 16.76%, fat 4.76%, carbohydrates 10.80%, water 32.86% and iron (Fe) 21.04 mg/100g. Conclusion: Acceptance of pogo fish balls with Moringa leaf substitution in terms of taste, aroma, color and texture, namely the taste received by the panelists, namely in the X1 treatment. The aroma received by the panelists was in the X0 treatment. The color received by the panelists is in the X0 treatment. The texture received by the panelists was in the X1 treatment. The highest chemical quality of pogo fish balls was obtained by X3 treatment of 16.76% protein, 4.76% fat, 10.80% carbohydrates, 32.86% water and 21 iron (Fe) 04mg/100g Keywords: Pogo Fish, Moringa Leaves, Meatballs, Acceptance Test, Chemical Quality.