Editor-in-Chief: Karl Bechter Professor Clinic for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy II, Ulm University Germany Journal of Neuro Psychiatry Reports (ISSN: 2755-6735) is an open-access, peer-reviewed journal dedicated to advancing research and knowledge across the fields of neurology, psychiatry, neuroscience, and mental health. The journal provides a platform for researchers, clinicians, and healthcare professionals to share innovative findings, clinical insights, and emerging perspectives with the global scientific community. The journal welcomes original research, review articles, case reports, short communications, editorials, opinions, and other scholarly contributions covering a broad range of neurological and psychiatric disorders, neurodegenerative diseases, neuroimaging, neurophysiology, behavioural neuroscience, cognitive disorders, and mental health. As an open-access publication, the journal aims to make published research freely accessible to readers worldwide, supporting the rapid exchange of scientific knowledge and encouraging collaboration across disciplines. Special Issue Title: Emerging Advances in Neuropsychiatry, Neuroscience and Mental Health Articles can be submitted through online from https://srcpublishers.com/neuro-psychiatry-reports/user/register or can send through an e-mail with attachment for Neuropsychiatry@onlinescientificresearch.info 0.5 Impact Factor 84.5% Citations 70% Acceptance
Medical Care Services Becoming Money-Making Machine in Human Society Under Physicians’ Headship in Today’s World: A Pestle Analysis
In today’s world, people mostly behave with business mentality without considering moral obligations in society. These behavioral changes have been influencing service-market, particularly Medical-care service market which becoming vulnerable year after year. In supplying medical care services, the doctor or hospital receives capitation payments, fees-for-services, risk pool settlements etc. However, today it is probably the most criticized profession in world-economy country-wise such as Bangladesh. Sometimes here doctors’ professional activities are assumed to be related to promotional activities of pharmaceutical products by writing lengthy prescriptions. Sometimes doctors here are blamed for requiring unnecessary tests of patients. Here the existence of “asymmetric information” dominates the medical-care market where doctor takes advantages in multi-faucets. It causes market inefficiency that creates negative economic externalities i.e., deadweight loss. This situation is not just in one country. It is in economy country-wise such as Bangladesh. Today, the global medical-care system is transitioning into a highly financialized, commercial enterprise, with physician-leaders frequently tasked with reconciling ethical patient care with aggressive profit-driven demands. A PESTLE framework analysis reveals that this shift is propelled by corporate lobbying, high-margin economic strategies, and technological integration focused on volume, necessitating regulatory reform to balance commercial interests with patient-centric care. Improving medical education with special emphasis on ethical aspects and soft skills in communication are considered important in aiming to reduce the magnitudes of today’s dilemma in the medical-care service market. Also, strict enforcements of medical-care provisions and ethical code of conduct among all health works can be instrumental. Finally, the answer to the question “Do doctors work for patients or something else, depends on who are asked. But the reflections of today’s medical-care-market in economy of Bangladesh are no deniable, which deserves to be studied further curtailing the magnitudes of the problem.
Copyright (c) 2026 Journal of Neuro Psychiatry Reports
Son’s Anxiety and Depression Linked to Mother’s Abortion
Anxiety and depression frequently co-occur and are associated with substantial functional impairment and reduced quality of life. Conventional interventions, including pharmacotherapy and psychotherapy, can improve symptoms, yet many individuals continue to experience persistent or chronic illness. This suggests that the underlying causes of these diseases remain incompletely understood. In the framework of Guan Yin Citta Dharma Door, mental disorders may be influenced by spiritual and karmic factors that are not addressed by conventional approaches. The case presented in this study involved a young man who developed severe anxiety with comorbid depression, resulting in social withdrawal, functional decline, and prolonged disability. According to the mother’s spiritual experiences and Buddhist interpretation, the condition was associated with the spirit of an aborted fetus, representing an unresolved karmic debt. Through sustained Dharma practice, the mother resolved the perceived spiritual cause of her son’s illness. The son experienced a gradual and substantial recovery, ultimately regaining social functioning and independence. This case is presented as evidence supporting the hypothesis that spiritual and karmic factors may contribute to certain presentations of anxiety and depression and that addressing these factors through Buddhist practice may facilitate recovery. Further investigation is warranted to explore these proposed mechanisms and their relationship to mental health outcomes.
Pathogenetic Consequences of Prolonged Immobilization in Elderly and Senile Individuals and Modern Approaches to Restorative Treatment
Aging is a natural process characterized by impaired neurohumoral regulation, altered receptor sensitivity, and weakened homeostasis mechanisms. These fundamental shifts at the systemic, organ, and cellular levels determine the particular vulnerability of elderly and senile patients to external and internal damaging factors. One of the most powerful and clinically underestimated pathogenetic triggers in geriatrics is prolonged immobilization forced bed rest. Age-related increased sensitivity to physical inactivity and accelerated aging of physiological systems lead to the rapid development of severe complications: hypostatic pneumonia, thromboembolism, muscle atrophy, contractures, osteoporosis and mental disorders. Specific syndromes associated with prolonged bed rest deserve special attention: bedsores, urinary and fecal incontinence and constipation. These conditions, perceived as inevitable manifestations of old age, are treatable in most cases with proper diagnosis, adequate care, and comprehensive therapy. A key role in the prevention and treatment of such disorders lies not only in medication but also in non-drug approaches, such as therapeutic exercise, massage, dietary therapy, and psychosocial rehabilitation. The effectiveness of treatment is largely determined by the timeliness of initiation, as well as adherence to the principles of gradualism and caution when prescribing physical therapy and balneological procedures.
Comparative Effectiveness of Eicosapentaenoic Acid (EPA) versus Docosahexaenoic Acid (DHA) in Reducing Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) Symptoms: A Systematic Review
Introduction: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a common neurodevelopmental disorder in children, characterized by developmentally inappropriate inattention, impulsivity, and hyperactivity, leading to impaired academic and social functioning. Some evidence suggests that children with ADHD may have lower levels of omega-3 fatty acids, particularly EPA and DHA. However, it remains unclear whether either EPA or DHA is more effective in improving ADHD-related symptoms. Objective: To compare the effectiveness of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) versus docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) supplementation in children with ADHD. Methods: We searched PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar using relevant keywords. After primary and secondary screening, only two randomized trials met the inclusion criteria. Data were extracted on ADHD symptom outcomes (Conners’ Parent Rating Scales), literacy and cognitive performance, erythrocyte fatty acid levels, and subgroup analyses such as children with learning difficulties. Study quality was assessed, focusing on design, outcome measures, biomarker associations, and limitations including small sample size, dropout rates, and crossover effects. Results: Neither trial demonstrated a significant difference between EPA and DHA supplementation in improving overall ADHD symptoms or literacy outcomes. However, increases in erythrocyte omega-3 levels—particularly DHA—were associated with better cognitive and behavioral outcomes. In one trial, increased RBC DHA significantly correlated with improved word reading (p < 0.01) and reduced oppositional behavior (p < 0.01). In another crossover trial, combined RBC EPA and DHA increases were significantly associated with improvements in spelling (r = 0.365, p < 0.001), attention (r = −0.540, p < 0.001), hyperactivity (r = −0.310, p < 0.001), and related behavioral measures. Conclusions: Current evidence does not support a clear superiority of EPA over DHA or vice versa in treating ADHD symptoms in children. However, overall increases in omega-3 levels—particularly DHA—appear beneficial. Larger, well-designed studies are needed to clarify their independent effects
Manic Shift Due to Ginseng Extract in The Patient with Depression
The standardized ginseng extract which is herbal medicinal product has been used worldwide to improve physical and mental performance [1]. The ginseng extract isolated from steroidal saponins has immune supressive and antidepressant effects [2,3]. This is the first case reported of manic shift due to Ginseng Extract in the patient with depression. Informed consent was obtained from the patient and her daughter.
Copyright (c) 2025 Journal of Neuro Psychiatry Reports
A Novel Collaboration of Specialists towards Proactive StrokeHealth Equity and Literacy during COVID 19 Pandemic in RuralSouth Eastern Greece
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of death globally, taking an estimated 17.9 million lives each year. More than four out of five CVD deaths are due to heart attacks and strokes, and one third of these deaths occur prematurely in people under 70 years of age. The most important behavioral risk factors are unhealthy diet, physical inactivity, tobacco use and harmful use of alcohol. The effects of these factors may show up in individuals as raised blood pressure, blood glucose, lipids, overweight and obesity. These “intermediate risks factors” can be measured in primary care facilities and indicate an increased risk for CVDs. Cessation of tobacco use, reduction of salt in the diet, eating more fruit and vegetables, regular physical activity and avoiding harmful use of alcohol have been shown to reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease. Health policies that create conducive environments for making healthy choices available, are essential for motivating people to adopt and sustain healthy behaviors. Identifying those at highest risk for CVDs and ensuring they receive appropriate treatment can prevent premature deaths. Access to noncommunicable disease medicines and basic health technologies in all health care facilities is essential to ensure that those in need receive treatment and counselling.
Literacy and Health Insurance Cover of Women Inspire Procurementof Mosquito Bed Net for Sleeping in Ghana: Evidence From 2022Ghana Demographic and Health Survey
Background: In Ghana, most households who own bed nets, do not sleep under them. This is evident that, 61% of households in 2022 had access to an insecticide-treated net, and only 40% slept under them the night prior to the GDHS survey. Objective: Based on this, the study set out to investigate if literacy and health insurance cover of women inspire procurement of a mosquito bed net for sleeping in Ghana. Data were extracted from the 2022 GDHS. Frequency distribution was used to summarise respondents’ responses into proportions. The Pearson’s chi-squared test of independence was used to test association between the explanatory variables and the outcome variable. The binary logistic regression was used to assess the influence of literacy and health insurance cover of women on procurement of a mosquito bed net for sleeping. Results: The study found listening to radio less than once a week as statistically significant at p=0.023, (OR=1.125, 95%CI ([1.017-1.244]). Using the internet for the last 12 months at p<0.001, (OR=0.538, 95%CI [0.495-0.584]). Women that have their health insurance being provided by employer at p=0.003, (OR=0.525, 95%CI [0.344-0.802]). Women covered by national/district health insurance at p=0.018, (OR=1.163, 95%CI [1.026-1.319]). Conclusion: The study recommends that health care providers should endeavour to continue to reinforce education on ownership and usage of a mosquito bed net for sleeping since its usage consistently has financial benefits of prevention over treatment and can contribute to a good night’s sleep, free of nuisance biting from mosquitoes and other insects.
Evaluate the Evidence for Type 1 Narcolepsy as an AutoimmuneDisorder
The presence of cataplexy and the loss of hypocretin neurons manifested as low serum or CSF hypocretin-1 levels distinguish narcolepsy type 1 (NT1) from other types of hypersomnias. Autoimmunity has long been proposed as the pathogenesis for NT1 for its association with HLA-DQB1*06:02 and an increase in incidence after 2009 H1N1 flu pandemic and Pandemrix vaccination. We critically evaluated the evidence through literature search from genetics, cellmediated immunity, and humoral immunity perspectives to verify if NT1 is an autoimmune disease. The strongest evidence is the anti-tribbles homologue 2 (TRIB2) in which both the seroactivity and the loss of hypocretin neurons secondary to this autoantibody were observed, albeit through different studies. Cell-mediated autoimmunity is therefore confirmed. We were only able to identify partial evidence for cytotoxic autoimmunity in causing NT1. Further research is hence needed to explore if the hypocretin neuronal destruction can be due to cytotoxic T cells or other autoantibodies.
The Evolution of Zoological Classification: From LinnaeanTaxonomy to an Ecological and Interactive Framework
Since Carl Linnaeus introduced the binomial nomenclature system in the 18th century, zoological classification has experienced significant transformations. While Linnaeus’ taxonomy provided a foundational structure based on morphological traits, advancements in evolutionary theory, genetics, and molecular biology have revolutionized the way organisms are classified. This article traces the evolution of classification methods, from Linnaeus’ hierarchy to Darwin’s theory of evolution, and highlights modern phylogenetic techniques based on genetic data. However, the discussion also introduces the need for a reformulation of zoological classification to incorporate species interactions and ecological relationships, as proposed by Johann Friedrich Humboldt over 50 years before Darwin. Humboldt’s holistic view of nature, where species interact and co-evolve within ecosystems, offers valuable insights for understanding evolution as a collective process, shaping life on Earth as a unified organism. Embracing this perspective will help the next generation of scientists approach biodiversity and conservation with a deeper appreciation of species interdependence.
Antidepressant Role in Modulating Neurotransmitter Imbalance toImprove Cognitive Impairment in Patient with Alzheimer’s Disease
The present article delves into the complex correlation among neurotransmitter dysregulation, antidepressant therapy, and Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Progressive cognitive decline and neuropsychiatric symptoms are the outcome of AD, the predominant type of dementia, which is characterized by pathological manifestations of β-amyloid plaques and hyperphosphorylated tau tangles. Amyloid plaque formation, tau protein phosphorylation, oxidative stress, and other pathophysiological processes are all aided by dysfunctional neurotransmitters such as acetylcholine, histamine, gamma-aminobutyric acid, and serotonin. On the other hand, medications that treat depression and AD patients turn out to be very important. These include selective noradrenaline reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs), selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and atypical antidepressants. Depression and neurologic disorders are correlated in both directions, supporting this treatment approach. The effects of antidepressants include reducing the production of amyloid plaque, improving cognitive function, stimulating neurogenesis, and increasing the levels of monoamine and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in synapses.
Copyright (c) 2024 Journal of Neuro Psychiatry Reports
The Case for Symptomatology, Impairments and a Healing Ecology
This article presents the case for thinking about medicine from a very different perspective. An alternative is presented in relationship to the standard western medicine fragmented, reductionist, drug-based treatment. Instead of the standard approach to medical problems, the case is presented for working with symptomatology, impairments, and a healing ecology. We need to understand symptomatology in a wider context, understanding how any injury, illness, disease is pervasive within the individual’s mind/brain/mind. These are never isolated, fragmented events. Secondly, rather than only spending time on diagnosis (which is important), clinicians must more importantly also focus on the impairments our patients are struggling with. Finally, we need to create a healing ecology for each of our patients. That is, a holding environment, a matrix, within which our patients can concentrate on healing. This includes the importance of the doctor-patient relationship, and the environmental context within which our patients are living their lives. We need to spend more time with our patients functioning as an organizing agent as they work through the struggle to get healthy again. Throughout the article, a case study is presented that illustrates the clinical use of this perspective.
Injury Illness and Disease Symptomatology
The Importance of Physical Activity in the Treatment ofNeurodegenerative and Mental Diseases
The article aims at drawing attention to the possibility of utilizing physical activity in treatment of neurodegenerative illnesses such as Parkinson’s, Alzheimer’s, multiple sclerosis, dementia and mental disorders, particularly depression and schizophrenia. On the basis of an analysis of the results of research on the effects of physical activity on secretion of neurotrophins, the author present the role of physical exercises in increasing their levels as well as in stimulation of cognitive processes and using them in treatment of neurodegenerative and mental illnesses. The research indicates that physical activity, appropriately dosed in case of various illnesses may be effective, sometimes to a degree similar to pharmaceuticals and in some cases even more effective. The author point out the types of exercises utilized in treatment of neurodegenerative and mental illnesses as well as the possibility of adjusting them to the psychophysical capabilities of the ones exercising. Next, the authors briefly characterize neurotrophins most commonly present in the human body and their role in stabilizing and treating neurodegenerative and mental illnesses and also present secretory functions of muscles during their activity. The concluding part of the article presents factors that stimulate secretion of neurotrophins including the BDNF as well as the types of physical exercises that can be utilized in rehabilitation of adults.
Dance, Movement, and Emotional Healing: A Review of thePsychological Benefits of Dance Interventions
Dance and Dance Movement Therapy (DMT) have garnered increasing attention as therapeuticinterventions for enhancing psychological well-being. This literature review explores the effects of dance and DMT on emotional regulation and resilience. Utilizing studies from recentsystematic reviews, meta-analyses, and empirical research, the findings highlight the multifaceted benefits of dance interventions, including improved self-concept, emotional intelligence, and social connectedness. These outcomes are achieved through physical movement, creative expression, and interpersonal interaction. Challenges in standardising dance-based interventions and measuring their effects are also discussed. This review concludes with a call for further research to maximise the potential of dance in mental health settings.
A Unique Presentation of Excitatory Catatonia Alongside AntiNmda Receptor Encephalitis: A Case Report
Introduction: Anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis, first described in 2007, is a prominent cause of autoimmune encephalitis, predominantly affecting females. Its clinical presentation includes a prodromal phase with flu-like symptoms, followed by psychosis, unresponsiveness, hyperkinesis, and recovery [1]. Catatonia can coexist sounds better than cooccur in patients with anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis, complicating diagnosis and effective treatment. Case Summary: This case report discusses a 41-year-old African American female with a history of seizure disorder, schizoaffective disorder with catatonia, developmental delay, Catatonia in itself is not the diagnosis as per dsm 5. We could use it as a specifier with other diagnosis, be it schizoaffective disorder or seizure disorder here. So we could mention as schizoaffective disorder with catatonia. and recent bereavement. Her symptoms included variable motor hyperactivity, alternating between restlessness and sedation, with an initial Busch Francis Rating Scale score of 18. Initially diagnosed with excitatory catatonia secondary to schizoaffective disorder and treated with benzodiazepines, her condition failed to improve, prompting further investigation. Despite additional treatment for a urinary tract infection and medication adjustment, which included adding valproic acid and amantadine, her condition remained uncontrolled. Subsequent lumbar puncture revealed inflammatory markers, and her anti-NMDA receptor IgG antibody assay was positive at 1:1280, confirming the diagnosis of anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis. Treatment was escalated to include methylprednisolone and intravenous immunoglobulin, alongside six sessions of ECT for management of her catatonia. The patient showed significant improvement, achieving functional recovery and independence in daily activities before discharge. Conclusion: This case emphasizes the importance of considering anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis in patients with unexplained, refractory neuropsychiatric symptoms, such as catatonia, and highlights the value of a multidisciplinary approach in managing and rehabilitating affected individuals. Prompt diagnosis and treatment are crucial to improving outcomes and reducing the risk of persistent cognitive deficits.
Unusual Presentation of Uncommon Disease; A Child with AnorexiaNervosa – A Case Report
Anorexia nervosa is an eating disorder characterized by excessive restriction on food intake and irrational fear of gaining weight, often accompanied by a distorted body self-perception. It is clinically diagnosed more frequently in females, with type and severity varying with each case. The current report is a case of a 9-year-old female child, studying in 4th standard, hailing from an lower socio economic class from Hindu family, in khammam; referred from pediatric Opd to psychiatry Opd with complaints of gradual loss of weight, refusing to eat due to fear of getting fat, recurrent episodes of vomiting, in GMC, khammam, with a probable precipitating factor being parents separation. Diagnosis of atypical anorexia nervosa was made with no significant comorbidities. It highlights the early onset clinical presentation, assessment and management of anorexia nervosa by a multi-disciplinary health care team which includes a pediatrician, a dietician, and a psychiatrist.
The Factor of Situational Anxiety before and after Surgery
The burden of negative emotional states, such as anxiety and depression and stress in people undergoing surgery it is indisputable, because it is a critical event that often happens perceived as an unfamiliar and frightening experience. Nursing also independently from the disease, often causes anxiety in many patients, who are going to be operated on. If constant and prolonged stress is not diagnosed early, can harm the patient and delay his recovery [1]. Perioperative anxiety is a significantly aggravating factor against the preparation of patients before a surgical operation. All are influenced by individual differences and its characteristics personality of each person, such as: age, nutritional status, chronic conditions diseases or disabilities, surgical procedure (location, type and extent; surgery), as well as previous surgical experiences.
Informational Neurophysiology: Declaring The Launch of a NewTopic in Brain Functionality Studies
Informational Neurophysiology is a new branch of neuroscience aimed at studying the mechanisms of brain working. In essence, it is a modernization of traditional neurophysiology, which in itself is a field of physiology that deals with the functions of the nervous system.
3D Therapy® is a psychotherapeutic methodology that applies the 3D object within the therapeutic setting. The 3D object is a concrete, visible object built with the 3D printer, it represents the discomfort externalized by the subject and transferred into a graph during the first phase of the therapeutic activity and then transformed into a 3D object.