Journal of Pharmaceutical Research & Reports
type: channel
description: Journal of Pharmaceutical Research & Reports is an open access peer-reviewed journal from the publishers of Scientific Research and Community (SRC) which publishes articles in the form of written, video and power-point presentations from the arena of Pharmaceutical Research & Reports. The journal focuses to build up accessing the complete content of articles freely from online for reader’s perusal. Article acceptance will be in the form of Research, Review, Case Reports, Analysis, Magazines, Editorials, Opinion, Communications, Mini-Review, Short Communications, Picturized, Book Review, Video Type and Power Point Presentations (PPTS). You may submit your article through Online: https://srcpublishers.com/pharmaceutical-research-reports/user/register or can send through an E-mail with attachment to pharmaceutics@onlinescientificresearch.info 0.5 Impact Factor 84.5% Citations 90% Acceptance
publisher: Scientific Research and Community
language: en
publication name: Journal of Pharmaceutical Research & Reports
issn: 2754-5008
items: Comparative Study of Natural & Synthetic Super Disintegrants in Development of Cost-Effective Oro-Dispersible Tablets of Amlodipine Besylate
items: Cooperative Intelligence in Pharmaceutical Manufacturing: Designing Blue Ocean Advantage Through Human Agency and Artificial Intelligence
items: https://srcpublishers.com/pharmaceutical-research-reports/article/view/7342
items: Consideration of R submission in Japan
items: Novel Approach to Prevent Biofilm Development
items: Reducing NSAID Prescriptions in Patients Receiving ACE Inhibitors/ARBs and Diuretics: A Quality Improvement Initiative
items: Cytotoxic Pestalotiopsin from an Endophytic Fungus Pseudopestalotiopsis CamelliaeSinensis
items: Endodontic Errors - Repair and Succeed
items: Revolutionizing Immunization: Next Generation Vaccine Platforms for A Resilient Global Health Future
items: Freedom as Awareness: A Clinical–Theological Reading of Pharaoh’s Heart in the Me’or Einayim
items: Healthcare Without Profit: An Embodied Theological Vision
items: Acne Treatment Preferences and Pharmaceutical Care Patterns in Georgian Pharmacies
items: Robotic Surgery: Innovation or Overhyped Investment?
items: Flavonoids and Brain Health: Chemical insights into Neurotherapeutic Benefits
items: The Effect of Smoking and Vaping on Oral Health a Meta-Analysis
items: New Opportunities in the Synthesis of Monastrol
items: Patient Centric Approach to Hypertension Fast Disintegrating Hydrochlorothiazide ODTs for Better Adherence
items: Advancements in Two-Dimensional Liquid Chromatography for Biological Samples Enhancing Peak Capacity and Speed through High-Temperature Techniques
items: The Role of Artificial Intelligence in Predicting Survival Outcomesin Patients with Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A SystematicReview and Meta Analysis
items: Innovation and Assessment of Specialized Tablets Leveraging Box Behnken Design
items: Efficacy and Patient-Centered Outcomes of Antiasthmatic Orodispersible Tablets in Acute Asthma Exacerbation
items: Infection Control in Oral Surgery : Innovations and Protocols
items: Phytochemical Screening Toxicity and Anti-Hyperlipidemia of Punica Granatum Peel against Male Albino Mice
items: Solvent-Free Synthesis of Five Membered Heterocycles from Chalcones and their Biological Evaluation for Anti-Hyperglycaemic Activity
items: Assessing Patient Profiles and Outcomes with Vildagliptin 100 mg Sustained Release (SR) in Individuals Diagnosed with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
items: DEX Immunotherapy Pharmaco-Biotechnological Advances in Multimodal Therapy for Cancer
items: Gentle Skepticism to the Degeneracy Nature of “First Genetic Code UUU”
items: On the Origin, Emergence and Pathogenic Patterns of Acinetobacter baumannii
items: Exploring the Impact of Nanoparticles in the Human Body and Brain
items: Revision of the Jones Criteria for the Diagnosis of Acute Rheumatic Fever at Jiblah University Hospital, Yemen

Comparative Study of Natural & Synthetic Super Disintegrants in Development of Cost-Effective Oro-Dispersible Tablets of Amlodipine Besylate
type: item
description: Background: Fast dissolving tablets or orodispersible tablets dissolve or break down as soon as the patients place it on the tongue or buccal mucosa. This is appropriate drug delivery system where drugs are subject to high first pass metabolism. It enhances bioavailability, decreases the dosing frequency and thus reduces the side effects and also makes the dosage form cost effective. This paper examined polysaccharide extracted in the seeds of Cassia tora as a super disintegrant in the or dispersible tablets. The antihypertensive drug that was selected as a model drug was amlodipine besylate. Methods: The direct compression method was used to prepare amlodipine besylate tablets with different concentrations (1, 2.5, 5 and 7.5 percent w/w) of isolated C. Tora seed polysaccharide (natural) and sodium starch glycolate (synthetic) as a super disintegrant. Evaluation of tablets was done for various pre- and post-compression parameters. The stability tests were done on optimized formulation F4. The in-vitro release of the drug and disintegration time of the formulation F4 was compared to marketed formulations (conventional tablets). Results: Fourier transform infrared studies were done to characterize the drug excipient interactions. Formulation F4 with 7.5% polysaccharide exhibited good wetting time, disintegration time in comparison to a formulation made with a synthetic super disintegrant at the same concentration level. Therefore, the batch F4 was optimized formulation. Conclusion: The current study has shown that C. Tora seed polysaccharide could be a good disintegrant when used in the preparation of or dispersible tablets. Since C. Tora polysaccharide is cheap compared to synthetic super disintegrants, nontoxic, compatible and simple to produce, it can be utilized to replace the existing marketed super disintegrants.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Cassia Tora, Super Disintegrants, Direct Compression, or Dispersible Tablets, Patient Compliance, Sodium Starch Glycolate
  topic: keywords
creator: Akash Yadav Yadav
creator: Pratham Singh Singh,
creator: Dinesh Kumar Jain Jain
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Journal of Pharmaceutical Research & Reports
date: 2026-05-16
publication date: 2026-05-16
starting page: 1
ending page: 9
doi: 10.47363/JPRSR/2026(7)181

Cooperative Intelligence in Pharmaceutical Manufacturing: Designing Blue Ocean Advantage Through Human Agency and Artificial Intelligence
type: item
description: Pharmaceutical manufacturing stands at a decisive inflection point. The convergence of artificial intelligence with increasingly complex therapeutic modalities including, gene therapies, cell- based products, and advanced biologics, has created both extraordinary opportunity and profound ambiguity. In this volatile, uncertain, complex, and ambiguous (VUCA) environment, competitive advantage will not be secured through technology alone. It will emerge from something more deliberate: the orchestration of cooperative intelligence, a disciplined integration of AI capability with elevated human agency.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Intelligence
  topic: keywords
subject: Pharmaceutical Manufacturing
  topic: keywords
subject: Designing Blue Ocean
  topic: keywords
subject: Human Agency
  topic: keywords
subject: Artificial Intelligence
  topic: keywords
creator: Nigel J Smart, PhD. Smart, PhD.
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Journal of Pharmaceutical Research & Reports
date: 2026-05-10
publication date: 2026-05-10
starting page: 1
ending page: 6
doi: 10.47363/JPRSR/2025(6)180

https://srcpublishers.com/pharmaceutical-research-reports/article/view/7342
type: item
title: Unraveling the Distinct Adverse-Event Profiles of Finasteride Versus Tamsulosin for Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia and Causal Links to Psychiatric Disorders Using Faers Pharmacovigilance and Mendelian Randomization
description: Background: Treatments for Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH) commonly include 5-alpha reductase inhibitors and alpha-1 blockers, but their safety profiles differ. Methods: We systematically queried the Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) for cases associated with finasteride and tamsulosin. Disproportionality analyses evaluated the Reporting Odds Ratio (ROR) and Information Component (IC). Afterwards, two-sample Mendelian randomisation (MR) was utilised to verify causal links between testosterone levels and Major Depressive Disorder (MDD). Findings: The FAERS analysis included 1800 unique patients, where finasteride generated robust positive pharmacovigilance signals for psychiatric disorders and decreased libido. Tamsulosin was disproportionately associated with vascular events and orthostatic hypotension. The MR analysis confirmed that genetically predicted circulating testosterone levels exhibited an inverse causal trajectory directly aligned with the risk of developing MDD. Interpretation: Finasteride and tamsulosin display markedly different safety spectra. The psychiatric signals observed with finasteride in FAERS are causally supported by androgenic alterations demonstrated through MR.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
creator: Liu Pan Pan
creator: Xie Guoping Guoping
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Journal of Pharmaceutical Research & Reports
date: 2026-04-15
publication date: 2026-04-15
starting page: 1
ending page: 8
doi: 10.47363/e0z5as11

Consideration of R submission in Japan
type: item
description: R adoption and submission are key topics in the pharmaceutical programming industry, and Japan is no exception. Although SAS users still constitute a large population in Japan, interest in R has grown significantly in recent years. Industry communities such as Japan Pharmaceutical Manufacturers Association (JPMA) and PHUSE have conducted surveys on R adoption and initiated communication with Pharmaceuticals and Medical Devices Agency (PMDA), the Japanese health authority. PMDA has shown openness to accepting R, and sponsors need to consider the best approaches for R submissions, including understanding PMDA-specific requirements (e.g., PMDA consultations, PMDA gateway submissions following folder structure guidelines, etc.). In this paper, we will briefly introduce the New Drug Application (NDA) process with PMDA and highlight key points for preparing PMDA communications and R submission deliverables.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Consideration
  topic: keywords
subject: R submission
  topic: keywords
creator: Yuichi Nakajima Nakajima
creator: Yasutaka Moriguchi Moriguchi
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Journal of Pharmaceutical Research & Reports
date: 2026-03-25
publication date: 2026-03-25
starting page: 1
ending page: 3
doi: 10.47363/JPRSR/2026(7)180

Novel Approach to Prevent Biofilm Development
type: item
description: Microorganisms can use the formation of biofilm as an adaptation to the environment, particularly in adverse conditions. Bacterial biofilm colonizes a wide variety of hydrated surfaces, (including teeth, food, contact lenses, medical devices, etc.) and can theoretically impact human health both positively (e.g., gut microbiota) and negatively since most infections depend on biofilms presence. Furthermore, the spread of multidrug-resistant (MDR) pathogens has emphasized the urgency of identifying new efficient anti biofilm agents. Nowadays, ESKAPE pathogens (Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumanii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterococcus faecalis-faecium) are the most common MDR bacteria, often responsible for life- threatening conditions. More specifically, the Gram-negative P. aeruginosa represents an important cause of infection, especially in immune-compromised patients. In this context, our research group has devoted many efforts to the identification of natural compounds targeting non-essential pathways involved in bacterial pathogenicity, contributing to prevent the resistance. The most recent developments concerned the design, obtainment and analytical characterization of silica nanoparticles functionalized with p-aminosalicylic or p-aminocinnamic acids, as non-toxic antibiofilm agents. The novel nanoparticles were used for the coating of glass coverslips as model surfaces and their antibiofilm effect was evaluated on P. aeruginosa, as representative of pathogenic microorganism showing resistance against various antibiotics. The obtained results may constitute the basis for further applications for functional materials preventing biofilm formation.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Biofilm Development
  topic: keywords
subject: Novel Approach
  topic: keywords
creator: Arianna Gelain
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Journal of Pharmaceutical Research & Reports
date: 2025-08-26
publication date: 2025-08-26
starting page: 1
ending page: 1
doi: 10.47363/JPRSR/PharmaTech2025/2025(6)5

Reducing NSAID Prescriptions in Patients Receiving ACE Inhibitors/ARBs and Diuretics: A Quality Improvement Initiative
type: item
description: Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs) are widely prescribed, but their concurrent use with Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors (ACEIs) or Angiotensin-II Receptor Blockers (ARBs) and diuretics can significantly increase the risk of Acute Kidney Injury (AKI). This “triple whammy” of medications presents a major safety concern in hypertensive patients. At ABN Health Center, a Quality Improvement (QI) initiative was launched to address the frequent prescribing of NSAIDs to patients receiving ACE inhibitors/ARBs and diuretics. The project aimed to reduce NSAID prescriptions by 50% among these patients within three months (May to July 2024) by raising awareness among healthcare providers and educating patients on the associated risks. A multidisciplinary team implemented several interventions, including provider education on safe prescribing practices and patient counselling at the pharmacy. Data was collected monthly through audits from the health centre’s electronic medical records (Cerner) to monitor NSAID prescription rates in the target population. Over the three-month period, NSAID prescriptions in patients on ACE inhibitors/ARBs and diuretics decreased from 31% in May to 10% in July. The success of the project was attributed to improved provider adherence to prescribing guidelines and increased patient awareness of NSAID risks. This QI initiative effectively reduced the prescribing of NSAIDs in high-risk patients, enhancing patient safety and preventing medication-related AKI. The project highlights the importance of targeted education and can serve as a model for similar initiatives in other healthcare settings.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: NSAID
  topic: keywords
subject: ACE Inhibitors/ARBs and Diuretics
  topic: keywords
creator: Houda DHIAB
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Journal of Pharmaceutical Research & Reports
date: 2025-08-26
publication date: 2025-08-26
starting page: 1
ending page: 1
doi: 10.47363/JPRSR/PharmaTech2025/2025(6)4

Cytotoxic Pestalotiopsin from an Endophytic Fungus Pseudopestalotiopsis CamelliaeSinensis
type: item
description: A dione pestalotiopsin has been isolated from the ethyl acetate extract of a fungal endophyte Pseudopestalotiopsis camelliae sinensis. The structure of this compound was established based on 1D- and 2D-NMR spectral analysis and HRMS. Pestalotiopsin was evaluated for its ability to kill human tumor cell lines using an MTT cytotoxicity assay. The compound was found to be selectively cytotoxic against three human tumor cell lines: MDA MB 231, MIA PaCa2, and HeLa, compared to the non-tumor lung fibroblast cell line WI38.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Cytotoxic
  topic: keywords
subject: Endophytic Fungus
  topic: keywords
creator: Fatema Tuz Zohora
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Journal of Pharmaceutical Research & Reports
date: 2025-08-26
publication date: 2025-08-26
starting page: 1
ending page: 1
doi: 10.47363/JPRSR/PharmaTech2025/2025(6)3

Endodontic Errors - Repair and Succeed
type: item
description: Inappropriate mechanical debridement, persistence of bacteria in the canals and apex, poor obturation quality, over and under extension of the root canal filling, and coronal leakage are some of the commonly attributable causes of failure. Despite the high success rate of endodontic treatment, failures do occur in a large number of cases and most of the times can be attributed to the already stated causes. With an ever-increasing number of endodontic treatments being done each day, it has become imperative to avoid or minimize the most fundamental of reasons leading to endodontic failure. This presentation reviews the most common causes of endodontic failure along with radiographic examples.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Endodontic Errors
  topic: keywords
subject: Repair
  topic: keywords
creator: Yesh Sharma
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Journal of Pharmaceutical Research & Reports
date: 2025-08-26
publication date: 2025-08-26
starting page: 1
ending page: 1
doi: 10.47363/JPRSR/PharmaTech2025/2025(6)2

Revolutionizing Immunization: Next Generation Vaccine Platforms for A Resilient Global Health Future
type: item
description: A dione pestalotiopsin has been isolated from the ethyl acetate extract of a fungal endophyte Pseudopestalotiopsis camelliae sinensis. The structure of this compound was established based on 1D- and 2D-NMR spectral analysis and HRMS. Pestalotiopsin was evaluated for its ability to kill human tumor cell lines using an MTT cytotoxicity assay. The compound was found to be selectively cytotoxic against three human tumor cell lines: MDA MB 231, MIA PaCa2, and HeLa, compared to the non-tumor lung fibroblast cell line WI38.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Cytotoxic Pestalotiopsin
  topic: keywords
subject: Endophytic Fungus
  topic: keywords
subject: Pseudopestalotiopsis
  topic: keywords
creator: Karthika Mahalingam
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Journal of Pharmaceutical Research & Reports
date: 2025-08-26
publication date: 2025-08-26
starting page: 1
ending page: 1
doi: 10.47363/JPRSR/PharmaTech2025/2025(6)1

Freedom as Awareness: A Clinical–Theological Reading of Pharaoh’s Heart in the Me’or Einayim
type: item
description: This essay examines one of the most enduring theological paradoxes in biblical literature-the hardening of Pharaoh’s heart-through the interpretive lens of the Me’or Einayim of Chernobyl (R. Menachem Nachum Twersky, 1730-1797), a foundational text in early Hasidic thought. The biblical narrative presents a profound dilemma: if God hardens Pharaoh’s heart, how can Pharaoh be held morally accountable for his refusal to release the Israelites? This apparent contradiction between divine determinism and human free will has troubled exegetes across centuries, generating diverse rabbinic, philosophical, and mystical responses. The essay argues that the Rebbe’s reading offers a radical reframing of the problem by transforming it from a moral question into a metaphysical revelation about the nature of consciousness, concealment, and divine presence. T he analysis begins with a close textual reading of the Me’or Einayim on Parashat Va’era, presenting both the Hebrew original and English translation. The rebbe interprets “And I will harden Pharaoh’s heart” not as divine interference with moral agency, but as an intentional concealment (hester) of divine awareness designed to reveal a deeper truth: that even within states of hardness, resistance, and apparent autonomy, the divine presence remains fully immanent. In this theology, all phenomena in the world-including those experienced as evil or resistant-originate from the divine source. The distinction between good and evil is epistemological rather than ontological: good is revealed (nigleh) while evil remains concealed (nistar). God’s hardening of Pharaoh’s heart thus serves a pedagogical and revelatory purpose-to demonstrate that divine vitality pervades even the experience of spiritual opacity and egoic separation. T he essay locates free will not in independence from divine will, but in the capacity for awareness (da’at) of divine presence within concealment. Pharaoh’s failure is not that his will was overpowered, but tha…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Free Will
  topic: keywords
subject: Divine Determinism
  topic: keywords
subject: Me’or Einayim
  topic: keywords
subject: Hasidic Theology
  topic: keywords
subject: Pharaoh
  topic: keywords
subject: Concealment (Hester)
  topic: keywords
subject: Awareness (Da’at)
  topic: keywords
subject: Tzimtzum
  topic: keywords
subject: Therapeutic Relationship
  topic: keywords
subject: Divine Immanence
  topic: keywords
subject: Ein Od Milvado
  topic: keywords
subject: Chernobyl Hasidism
  topic: keywords
subject: Clinical
  topic: keywords
creator: Julian Ungar-Sargon
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Journal of Pharmaceutical Research & Reports
date: 2025-11-14
publication date: 2025-11-14
starting page: 1
ending page: 9
doi: 10.47363/JPRSR/2025(6)179

Healthcare Without Profit: An Embodied Theological Vision
type: item
description: Healthcare systems worldwide face a fundamental tension between profit maximization and healing. In the United States, market-driven healthcare has created systemic inequities, operational inefficiencies, and what recent scholarship identifies as physician moral injury-the psychological distress experienced when economic pressures compromise ethical medical practice. This article examines what healthcare might look like without profit motivation and explores how such transformation aligns with embodied theological understandings of healing as covenant, justice, and divine presence. We conducted comparative analysis of international healthcare models, integrated findings from health economics literature, and synthesized theological scholarship from Jewish mystical and ethical traditions. The analysis draws extensively from contemporary work on physician moral injury, pharmaceutical industry practices, and institutional coercion in medical settings. Global healthcare systems treating health as a public good consistently deliver superior outcomes at lower costs compared to profit-driven models. Singlepayer systems achieve 10-20% administrative cost savings while ensuring universal access. Research demonstrates that for-profit healthcare organizations prioritize shareholder returns over patient care, particularly during crises, while nonprofit institutions maintain community focus and quality measures. T heological analysis reveals that profit-driven medicine violates covenantal principles by reducing sacred healing encounters to financial transactions. Healthcare without profit represents both economically viable policy direction and theologically compelling vision. Removing profit as the organizing principle enables medicine to recover its deepest vocation: honoring human vulnerability, enacting justice, and witnessing divine presence through compassionate care. Implementation requires systematic transformation of financing mechanisms, medical education, and instituti…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Healthcare Economics
  topic: keywords
subject: Profit Motive
  topic: keywords
subject: Physician Moral Injury
  topic: keywords
subject: Embodied Theology
  topic: keywords
subject: Healthcare Justice
  topic: keywords
subject: Single-Payer Systems
  topic: keywords
subject: Theological Ethics
  topic: keywords
subject: Covenantal Medicine
  topic: keywords
subject: Healthcare Reform
  topic: keywords
subject: Divine Presence
  topic: keywords
creator: Julian Ungar-Sargon
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Journal of Pharmaceutical Research & Reports
date: 2025-10-07
publication date: 2025-10-07
starting page: 1
ending page: 8
doi: 10.47363/JPRSR/2025(6)178

Acne Treatment Preferences and Pharmaceutical Care Patterns in Georgian Pharmacies
type: item
description: Acne vulgaris is a global problem that requires a challenging and prolonged treatment course for patients (1,2). It significantly impacts a patient’s quality of life, affecting self-esteem and other psychosocial factors. Patients encounter many over-the-counter and prescription acne treatments, including topical creams, gels, cleansers, antibiotics, retinoids, and hormonal therapies. The variety of options can be overwhelming, and the lack of clear, personalized guidance on choosing between these therapies adds to the confusion. Exploring patients’ behaviors, preferences, and reliance on healthcare professionals is essential for improving acne management strategies and ensuring the effectiveness of the treatment. Aim: The study aimed to explore the treatment behaviors, preferences, and decision-making processes of acne vulgaris patients in Georgia, focusing on their use of dermatological and cosmeceutical products, medications such as antibiotics, retinoids, and hormone therapies, and their reliance on healthcare professionals. Method: A structured online questionnaire was distributed to a targeted group on social networks (“Acne,” “Skin Health”). Survey respondents had to have been affected by acne at least once in their lifetime. Key Findings and Conclusions: 200 respondents participated in the survey, with more than half experiencing acne from adolescence to adulthood. Among them, around 70% had moderate to severe acne, yet only half consulted a specialist. When selecting treatment, respondents equally valued advice from pharmacists and doctors, followed by recommendations from acquaintances and online information. of those treated by doctors, 26.1% received antibiotics, 11.6% used oral retinoids, and nearly 19.5% underwent hormone therapy. Retinoids were prescribed by pharmacists in 6% of cases, and 18.6% self-medicated. Popular acne treatment brands in Georgia included SVR, La-Roche-Posay, and Bioderma, with most consumers keeping track of new product releases.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Community Pharmacy
  topic: keywords
subject: Acne Vulgaris
  topic: keywords
subject: Treatment Behavior of Acne
  topic: keywords
subject: Acne Skin Care Product
  topic: keywords
subject: Acne-Fighting Products
  topic: keywords
subject: Acne Lifestyle
  topic: keywords
creator: Eka Pruidze
creator: Tamaz Tchumburidze
creator: Anano Chichaghua
creator: Lizi Tomadze
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Journal of Pharmaceutical Research & Reports
date: 2025-07-21
publication date: 2025-07-21
starting page: 1
ending page: 3
doi: 10.47363/JPRSR/2025(6)176

Robotic Surgery: Innovation or Overhyped Investment?
type: item
description: Robotic-assisted surgery (RAS) has emerged as a transformative force in modern medicine, offering enhanced surgical precision, minimally invasive techniques, and integration with cutting-edge technologies such as artificial intelligence and real-time imaging. Since the introduction of systems like the da Vinci Surgical System, robotic surgery has rapidly expanded, particularly in fields like urology and gynecology. Proponents highlight benefits including reduced postoperative pain, faster recovery, and improved ergonomics for surgeons. However, these advancements are accompanied by significant concerns. T he high initial and maintenance costs, variable cost-effectiveness, risk of mechanical failure, steep learning curves, and ethical implications related to marketing and patient consent continue to fuel debate. Reports from regulatory and professional bodies also urge caution due to the lack of robust long-term outcome data. While robotic surgery offers promising potential, especially when deployed judiciously in high-volume centers with skilled personnel, its widespread adoption raises critical questions about clinical justification, equity, and healthcare sustainability. This article explores whether robotic surgery truly represents surgical innovation—or an overhyped investment—and argues for a balanced, patient-centered approach to its integration.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Robotic Surgery
  topic: keywords
subject: Overhyped Investment
  topic: keywords
creator: Aditya Saran
creator: Aditi Saran
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Journal of Pharmaceutical Research & Reports
date: 2026-02-26
publication date: 2026-02-26
starting page: 1
ending page: 3
doi: 10.47363/JPRSR/2025(6)175

Flavonoids and Brain Health: Chemical insights into Neurotherapeutic Benefits
type: item
description: Neurological and neurodegenerative disorders, such as Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases, poses significant health challenges due to their complex pathophysiology and unattainable curative treatments. Flavonoids, a diverse class of polyphenolic compounds, exhibit rich antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, modulate critical downstream effectors including ERK, PI3-kinase/Akt, and inhibit enzymes linked to amyloid plaque formation leading to mitigating neuronal apoptosis and oxidative stress. Due to their ability to penetrate blood-brain barrier, enhances their relevance in pointing neuroinflammation, cerebral ischemia, and even glioblastoma, as evidenced by preclinical and clinical studies. Specific flavonoids, including Genistein, quercetin and hesperidin have displayed beneficial effects in cognitive tests and pathological hallmarks in neurodegenerative diseases models. However, challenges of suboptimal bioavailability and metabolic instability limit their daily application. Emerging approaches, particularly nanotechnology-based delivery systems, offer innovative solutions to improve its systemically bioavailable. Although dietary flavonoids are generally safe to intake, excessive intake via supplements may pose risks, underscoring the need for rigorous safety evaluations. This comprehensive analysis addressing the dual role of flavonoids in neuroprotection and disease intervention, and encourages further studies to optimize their bioavailability and long-term safety in diverse populations. This review is Bridging traditional knowledge with modern pharmacological insights, flavonoids represent a convincing avenue for the development of novel neurotherapeutics in an era demanding safer, natural alternatives.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Flavonoids
  topic: keywords
subject: Chemistry
  topic: keywords
subject: Neuroprotection
  topic: keywords
subject: Neurodegenerative Diseases
  topic: keywords
creator: Wafa Mohammed Ali
creator: Fathimathul Hisana Vattamkadathil
creator: Fathima Hiba Kadambott
creator: Fathima Wafa Thalappi
creator: V Shifa thasni
creator: Rashid Kootamkodan
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Journal of Pharmaceutical Research & Reports
date: 2026-04-18
publication date: 2026-04-18
starting page: 1
ending page: 12
doi: 10.47363/JPRSR/2025(6)174

The Effect of Smoking and Vaping on Oral Health a Meta-Analysis
type: item
description: Objective: This meta-analysis investigates the effects of smoking and vaping on oral health, focusing on periodontal disease, tooth loss, oral cancer, and other oral conditions. The aim is to provide a comprehensive understanding of the impact these habits have on oral health outcomes. Methods: We systematically reviewed studies published up to 2025 and included randomized controlled trials (RCTs), cohort studies, and cross-sectional studies that assessed smoking and vaping’s effects on oral health. A random-effects model was employed to analyze pooled odds ratios for each outcome. Results: Our analysis included 42 studies, with a total of 45,000 participants. Smoking was strongly associated with periodontal disease (odds ratio [OR] = 2.5), tooth loss (OR = 3.0), and oral cancer (OR = 3.8). Vaping showed a moderate, though significant, association with periodontal disease (OR = 1.7) and gum recession (OR = 1.5), with evidence still emerging on its long-term effects. Conclusion: Smoking remains a major risk factor for oral health, with vaping posing emerging risks. Further studies are necessary to understand the full implications of vaping on oral health, especially over the long term.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Smoking
  topic: keywords
subject: Vaping
  topic: keywords
subject: Oral Health
  topic: keywords
subject: Periodontal Disease
  topic: keywords
creator: Adel Bouguezzi
creator: Abdellatif Chokri
creator: Jamil Selmi
creator: Hajer Hentati
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Journal of Pharmaceutical Research & Reports
date: 2025-04-24
publication date: 2025-04-24
starting page: 1
ending page: 3
doi: 10.47363/JPRSR/2025(6)173

New Opportunities in the Synthesis of Monastrol
type: item
description: The synthesis of eutectic mixtures based on 3- (carboxymethyl) -1-vinyl-1H-imidazole-3-ium (chloride, bromide, hexofluorophosphate) and thiourea in various ratios (from 2: 1 to 1: 3) was realized, the aggregate state and established catalytic activity for the synthesis of Monastrol, which showed a wide range of pharmacological activity. Recently, interest in the significance of dihydropyrimidines has attracted great interest. Dihydropyrimidines occupy a key place in various biological processes of various body structures that carry vital information. The most effective method currently used for the synthesis of dihydropyrimidines remains the well-studied multicomponent Biginelli reaction. The Biginelli reaction, which is commonly used for the direct preparation of Monastrol and its derivatives, has many advantages over traditional synthetic methods.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: 3,4-Dihydropyrimidin-2(1H)-(thу)Ones
  topic: keywords
subject: Monastrol
  topic: keywords
subject: Catalysis
  topic: keywords
subject: Eutectic Mixtures
  topic: keywords
creator: Natalia Ciobanu
creator: Macaev Fliur
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Journal of Pharmaceutical Research & Reports
date: 2025-04-08
publication date: 2025-04-08
starting page: 1
ending page: 3
doi: 10.47363/JPRSR/2025(6)172

Patient Centric Approach to Hypertension Fast Disintegrating Hydrochlorothiazide ODTs for Better Adherence
type: item
description: T he development of Oral Disintegrating Tablets (ODTs) for antihypertensive drugs represents a promising approach to improve patient adherence, especially for those with difficulty swallowing traditional tablets. This study focuses on the formulation and optimization of hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ) ODT using Box-Behnken Design (BBD) for process optimization. The research employs excipients such as fenugreek seed powder, Cross-povidone and Locust bean gum as a superdisintegrant, Banana powder as binders, corn starch as a glidant, magnesium stearate as a lubricant, Microcrystalline Cellulose (MCC) as a filler, and aspartame as a sweetener. Additionally, polyethylene glycol 4000 (PEG-4000) is used as a solubility enhancer through solid dispersion techniques. The BBD method investigates the effect of concentrations of fenugreek seeds mucilage, Locust bean gum and PEG-4000 on tablet properties such as disintegration time, dissolution rate, hardness, friability etc. The optimized formulation exhibits rapid disintegration (within 30 seconds), improved dissolution profile and enhanced bioavailability of hydrochlorothiazide due to the solubility-enhancing properties of PEG-4000. The results indicate that the combination of excipients and solid-phase dispersion methods can significantly improve the efficacy of ODT, providing a potential solution to improve therapeutic outcomes in the treatment of Hypertension.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Hypertension
  topic: keywords
subject: Oral Disintegrating Tablets (ODTs)
  topic: keywords
subject: Hydrochlorothiazide
  topic: keywords
subject: Box Behnken Design (BBD)
  topic: keywords
subject: Super Disintegrants
  topic: keywords
subject: Solid Dispersion
  topic: keywords
subject: Solubility Enhancement
  topic: keywords
creator: Aman Kumar
creator: Tushar Sonare
creator: Krutika Mandloi
creator: Kratika Khadsondni
creator: Akash Yadav
creator: Dinesh Kumar Jain
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Journal of Pharmaceutical Research & Reports
date: 2025-03-13
publication date: 2025-03-13
starting page: 1
ending page: 13
doi: 10.47363/JPRSR/2025(6)169

Advancements in Two-Dimensional Liquid Chromatography for Biological Samples Enhancing Peak Capacity and Speed through High-Temperature Techniques
type: item
description: T he need for improved separation power in Liquid Chromatography (LC), particularly for complex multi-constituent biological samples, is becoming increasingly critical. Recent advancements have led to a growing interest in Two-Dimensional Liquid Chromatography (2DLC), which offers significant advantages over traditional One-Dimensional Liquid Chromatography (1DLC) by enabling higher peak capacities and resolution. This review explores the potential of 2DLC, highlighting its ability to enhance separation by combining orthogonal separations and offering peak capacity that, under ideal conditions, is the product of the peak capacities of both dimensions. Despite its impressive separation power, comprehensive 2DLC is hindered by long analysis times, often extending several hours. Recent innovations in high-temperature LC techniques have addressed this challenge by drastically reducing the time required for the Second Dimension of 2DLC to approximately 20 seconds, enabling rapid separations with improved peak capacities exceeding 2000. T hese developments have led to significant reductions in analysis time, allowing complex biological samples with over 200 detectable peaks to be analyzed in under 30 minutes. This shift toward fast, high-temperature LC is transforming the capabilities of 2DLC, making it an invaluable tool for the analysis of biological samples. Additionally, the review touches on complementary techniques like NMR spin relaxation spectroscopy, which aids in characterizing protein dynamics, offering further insights into protein conformational changes on the picosecond-nanosecond timescale.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: 1DLC
  topic: keywords
subject: 2DLC
  topic: keywords
subject: NMR
  topic: keywords
subject: Protein Dynamics
  topic: keywords
creator: Srivani Mallepelli
creator: Saisnikitha Peddi
creator: Nikhil Raj Dachaboina
creator: T Rama Rao
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Journal of Pharmaceutical Research & Reports
date: 2025-03-22
publication date: 2025-03-22
starting page: 1
ending page: 5
doi: 10.47363/JPRSR/2025(6)170

The Role of Artificial Intelligence in Predicting Survival Outcomesin Patients with Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A SystematicReview and Meta Analysis
type: item
description: Background: Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OSCC) accounts for a significant proportion of oral cancers, often diagnosed at late stages with poor survival outcomes. Artificial Intelligence (AI) has demonstrated promising capabilities in oncology, particularly in survival prediction. This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluates the role of AI in predicting survival outcomes, recurrence, and treatment responses in OSCC patients. Objective: To assess the diagnostic accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and clinical impact of AI algorithms in predicting survival outcomes in OSCC. Methods: A systematic search of PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library databases was conducted to identify studies published between2000 and 2024. Studies were included if they evaluated AI models for survival prediction in OSCC patients. Pooled diagnostic metrics were calculated, and heterogeneity was assessed using the I² statistic. Subgroup analyses were performed based on data type, AI model, and patient population. Results: A total of 45 studies involving 8,200 patients were included. The pooled sensitivity and specificity of AI models in predicting 5-year survival were87% and 82%, respectively. AI models incorporating clinical, imaging, and genetic data outperformed those using single data modalities (AUC: 0.91 vs. 0.79;p < 0.01). Machine learning models, particularly ensemble methods, demonstrated higher accuracy than traditional statistical approaches. Conclusion: AI provides high accuracy in predicting survival outcomes in OSCC patients, especially when integrating multimodal data. These findings highlight the potential of AI to support personalized treatment planning and improve patient outcomes. Future research should focus on external validation and implementation in clinical workflows.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma
  topic: keywords
subject: Artificial Intelligence
  topic: keywords
subject: Survival Prediction
  topic: keywords
subject: Machine Learning
  topic: keywords
subject: Oncology, Meta Analysis
  topic: keywords
creator: Adel Bouguezzi
creator: Hajer Hentati
creator: Jamil Selmi
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Journal of Pharmaceutical Research & Reports
date: 2025-03-15
publication date: 2025-03-15
starting page: 1
ending page: 4
doi: 10.47363/JPRSR/2025(6)171

Innovation and Assessment of Specialized Tablets Leveraging Box Behnken Design
type: item
description: Hypertension, a leading cause of global mortality, affects over one billion individuals and necessitates effective and patient-friendly therapeutic solutions. T his study focuses on the development of a mucoadhesive bilayer tablet formulation of propranolol hydrochloride, a beta-blocker widely used to manage hypertension. The proposed tablet design integrates an instant release layer for rapid therapeutic effect and a mucoadhesive extended-release layer for prolonged drug delivery. Both layers were prepared using the direct compression method, a cost-effective and scalable manufacturing process. Comprehensive evaluations of pre- and post-compressional parameters confirmed the tablets met the requisite quality standards. The study also employed the Box-Behnken design, a response surface methodology, to optimize the formulation. The optimized batch, MBT 16, exhibited desirable outcomes, demonstrating effective drug release for immediate and sustained action. This novel dual-layer approach enhances the pharmacokinetic profile of propranolol hydrochloride, potentially improving patient compliance by reducing dosing frequency while maintaining stable blood pressure control throughout the day. The incorporation of natural excipients further highlights the cost-effectiveness and safety of the formulation. This study paves the way for advanced hypertension management through innovative drug delivery systems, combining therapeutic efficiency with improved patient adherence.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Specialized Tablets
  topic: keywords
subject: Propranolol HCl
  topic: keywords
subject: Box Behnken Design
  topic: keywords
subject: Chia Seed Mucilage
  topic: keywords
subject: Aloevera Extract
  topic: keywords
subject: Potato Starch
  topic: keywords
creator: Kratika Khadsondni
creator: Krutika Mandloi
creator: Tushar Sonare
creator: Aman Kumar
creator: Akash Yadav
creator: Dinesh Kumar Jain
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Journal of Pharmaceutical Research & Reports
date: 2025-02-10
publication date: 2025-02-10
starting page: 1
ending page: 16
doi: 10.47363/JPRSR/2025(6)167

Efficacy and Patient-Centered Outcomes of Antiasthmatic Orodispersible Tablets in Acute Asthma Exacerbation
type: item
description: Respiratory system is the system of gaseous exchange. If any part of the system affected then the respiratory diseases occur like asthma, COPD, bronchitis etc. for treating such respiratory diseases salbutamol sulphate was used. Salbutamol sulphate as a model β2 adrenergic agonist drug which under goes first pass metabolism in liver, which can decrease the bioavailability of drug. Thus, the aim of this study was to improve bioavailability, swift action and improved patient compliances. This work represents a new design of salbutamol sulphate Orodispersible tablets using box-Behnken design with the three independent variables: the two super disintegrants (jackfruit seed starch and Lepidium sativum seed mucilage) and a binder (polyvinyl pyrrolidone K-30) were selected to study their effect on the critical dependent variables. The natural ingredients are extracted and desirable evaluated. All the evaluation pre-compressional and post-compressional was observed. The responses variables were analysed and the optimised formulation was obtained using the box-Behnken design
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Respiratory Diseases
  topic: keywords
subject: Customized Orodispersible Tablets
  topic: keywords
subject: Salbutamol Sulphate
  topic: keywords
subject: Box-Behnken Design
  topic: keywords
subject: Jackfruit Seed Starch
  topic: keywords
subject: Lepidium Sativum Seed Mucilage
  topic: keywords
creator: Krutika Mandloi
creator: Kratika Khadsondni
creator: Aman Kumar
creator: Tushar Sonare
creator: Akash Yadav
creator: Dinesh Kumar Jain
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Journal of Pharmaceutical Research & Reports
date: 2025-02-10
publication date: 2025-02-10
starting page: 1
ending page: 14
doi: 10.47363/JPRSR/2025(6)168

Infection Control in Oral Surgery : Innovations and Protocols
type: item
description: Infection control is a critical component of oral surgery, as surgical site infections can lead to serious complications, including delayed healing, increased morbidity, and additional surgeries. This manuscript reviews traditional infection control protocols and explores recent innovations that have improved patient outcomes in oral surgery. We examine preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative protocols, highlighting advances in antiseptic agents, sterilization methods, and surgical techniques. Emerging technologies such as laser-assisted surgery, robotic surgery, and nanotechnology have revolutionized infection prevention. We also discuss the role of antibiotic stewardship and challenges in infection control, including cost-effectiveness and the growing problem of antibiotic resistance. By consolidating existing research, this paper aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of current infection control practices and offer insight into future developments in oral surgery infection prevention.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Infection Control
  topic: keywords
subject: Oral Surgery
  topic: keywords
subject: Innovations
  topic: keywords
subject: Antibiotic Stewardship
  topic: keywords
subject: Laser-Assisted Surgery
  topic: keywords
subject: Nanotechnology
  topic: keywords
subject: Sterilization
  topic: keywords
subject: Postoperative Care
  topic: keywords
subject: Infection Prevention
  topic: keywords
creator: Adel Bouguezzi
creator: Chokri Abdellatif
creator: Hajer Hentati
creator: Jamil Selmi
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Journal of Pharmaceutical Research & Reports
date: 2025-01-30
publication date: 2025-01-30
starting page: 1
ending page: 3
doi: 10.47363/JPRSR/2025(6)165

Phytochemical Screening Toxicity and Anti-Hyperlipidemia of Punica Granatum Peel against Male Albino Mice
type: item
description: Background: Hyperlipidemia (Dyslipidemia) is expressed by High levels of TC, TG, LDL, and decreased levels of HDL. Dyslipidemia as a threat agent for heart arteries complaints leads to an increase in the threat of cardiovascular mortality. Several herbal drugs have been suggested for the therapy of dyslipidemia like the one Punica Granatum peels. This research ambitious to clarify the thesis of using Punica Granatum peel extracts as an antihyperlipidemic agent. Methodology: Three trials were done to clarify the hyperlipidemic thesis of Punica Granatum peels, screening of the phytochemical content by HPLC/ GC; half of the lethal dose LD50 measurement, and, the prophylactic effect was analyzed in high lipid diet-fed male mice with the histopathological study. T he Results: 33 ingredients have been identified using HPLC/GC, the LD50 was 504mg/kg of the body weight, and the anti-hyperlipidemic result revealed the capability of the acetone aqueous extract to reduce Cholesterol, LDL, HDL, VLDL, TG, ALT, AST, GGT, and ALP. Furthermore, the reason the acetone aqueous extract was able to increase antioxidant enzymes, whereas it increased T. Chol. /HDL. Chol and total protein is poly-phenolic in the extract. Conclusion: We suggest considering this study as a seeker for unborn studies n hyperlipidemia.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Hyperlipidemia
  topic: keywords
subject: Punica granatum
  topic: keywords
subject: Phytochemical
  topic: keywords
subject: LD50
  topic: keywords
subject: HPLC/GC
  topic: keywords
creator: Abdelbaset Mohammed
creator: Maraia F Elmhdwi
creator: Naema M El Aali
creator: Salem G. El Tumi
creator: Yusra F Layas
creator: Fatma A Elslimani
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Journal of Pharmaceutical Research & Reports
date: 2025-02-10
publication date: 2025-02-10
starting page: 1
ending page: 8
doi: 10.47363/JPRSR/2025(6)166

Solvent-Free Synthesis of Five Membered Heterocycles from Chalcones and their Biological Evaluation for Anti-Hyperglycaemic Activity
type: item
description: T he development of environmentally friendly and efficient protocol for the synthesis of heterocyclic compounds is the current demand of synthetic community. Solvent-free synthesis has emerged as a sustainable approach reducing waste generation, and minimizing environmental impact. In this connection, we have developed a solvent-free method for the construction of five membered heterocycles i.e. isoxazoline and pyrazoline from α, β-unsaturated carbonyl compounds and Hydrazine/hydroxylamine hydrochloride. This protocol involves the [3+2] cycloaddition reaction between α, β-unsaturated carbonyl compounds and hydrazine hydrochloride/hydroxylamine hydrochloride under solvent free conditions to provide the substituted isoxazoline and pyrazoline in excellent yields. The synthesized compounds were characterized through 1H NMR, 13C NMR, Mass spectral data and IR. These newly synthesized compounds were screened for their antihyperglycemic activity using sucrose loaded diabetic model. Isoxazoline derivatives offered potent antihyperglycemic response than correspondence pyrazoline derivatives. Compounds bearing isoxazoline ring II A and II E showed maximum % fall of blood glucose level than control group which was comparable to the standard drug metformin. The newer compounds VIA, VIB, and VIC also evaluated for their anti-hyperglycemic activities, compound VIC showed appreciable response (62.5% antihyperglycemic activity).
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Anti-hyperglycemic
  topic: keywords
subject: Chalcone
  topic: keywords
subject: Heterocyclic
  topic: keywords
subject: Isoxazoline
  topic: keywords
subject: Pyrazoline
  topic: keywords
creator: Anil Kumar
creator: Mukesh Kumar
creator: Vikas Yadav
creator: Manoj Kumar
creator: Anuraj Anuraj
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Journal of Pharmaceutical Research & Reports
date: 2025-01-10
publication date: 2025-01-10
starting page: 1
ending page: 6
doi: 10.47363/JPRSR/2025(5)164

Assessing Patient Profiles and Outcomes with Vildagliptin 100 mg Sustained Release (SR) in Individuals Diagnosed with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
type: item
description: Background: This study centers around Vildagliptin 100 mg Sustained Release (SR) Once Daily (OD), a Dipeptidyl Peptidase IV (DPP-4) inhibitor used to treat Type 2 Diabetes mellitus (T2D). Its once-daily formulation reduces pill burden and improves compliance. With the sustained release formulation, there is an extended release of Vildagliptin in a programmed manner. Since real-world data on patient profile, outcomes, and safety are scarce, this study aims to assess the effectiveness of Vildagliptin 100mg SR OD in individuals with T2D with respect to glycemic parameters. Methodology: A cohort of 3,316 participants from 146 Indian sites was enrolled based on the criterion of having visited twice within the preceding year, meeting inclusion criteria, and receiving a prescription for Vildagliptin 100mg SR once daily. All participating sites were provided with an electronic Case Report Form (eCRF) for the collection of anonymized data. Ethical approval for this study was obtained from the Institutional Ethics Committee (IEC) Udyaan Healthcare (Registration No. ECR/1300/Inst/UP/2019). Results: The study involved 3,316 participants, with 65.5% males and 34.5% females. After a 3-month follow-up, HbA1c levels decreased on average by 0.7% (8.0% to 7.3%, p-value <0.001). Those with a baseline HbA1c of >=9% saw a notable drop of 1.1%. The obese group had a weight reduction of 2.7 kgs, surpassing the non-obese group’s drop of 1.5 kgs. The HTN group showed a more considerable reduction in HbA1c levels (0.67% vs. 0.58%) compared to the non-HTN group. Conclusion: The administration of 100 mg SR Vildagliptin once daily proves to be an effective and well-tolerated strategy for achieving glycemic control. However, it is essential to emphasize the necessity for additional future research to deepen our understanding and optimize the utilization of this treatment approach.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Diagnosed
  topic: keywords
subject: Diabetes Mellitus
  topic: keywords
subject: Vildagliptin
  topic: keywords
creator: Rajeev Chawla
creator: Ganapathi Bantwal
creator: Joe George
creator: Sona Warrier
creator: Amit Gupta
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 Journal of Pharmaceutical Research & Reports
date: 2024-11-05
publication date: 2024-11-05
starting page: 1
ending page: 5
doi: 10.47363/JPRSR/2024(5)163

DEX Immunotherapy Pharmaco-Biotechnological Advances in Multimodal Therapy for Cancer
type: item
description: This article reviews the synergy between pulsed dendritic cell exosome (DEX) immunotherapy and chemotherapy in cancer treatment. DEX exosomes, which act as immune system modulators, enhance chemotherapy efficacy by modifying the tumor microenvironment and activating an immune response targeted against tumor cells. This combination not only amplifies cancer cell destruction but also protects healthy cells, thus reducing systemic adverse effects of chemotherapy. The article highlights preclinical and clinical advances demonstrating the effectiveness of this combined strategy, showing promising results in tumors resistant to conventional treatments. Despite the benefits, challenges such as the high production cost of exosomes and the need to optimize treatment protocols for different cancer types are identified. Additionally, future research directions are presented, focusing on improving personalized treatments through genetically modified exosomes. In conclusion, the combination of DEX and chemotherapy has the potential to revolutionize cancer treatment, enhancing both treatment tolerance and clinical efficacy.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Multimodal Therapy
  topic: keywords
subject: Biotechnological
  topic: keywords
subject: Immunotherapy
  topic: keywords
creator: Ramón Gutiérrez Sandoval
creator: Ider Rivadeneira
creator: P Ignacio Muñoz
creator: F Jordan Iturra
creator: Francisco Krakowiak
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 Journal of Pharmaceutical Research & Reports
date: 2024-10-22
publication date: 2024-10-22
starting page: 1
ending page: 8
doi: 10.47363/JPRSR/2024(5)162

Gentle Skepticism to the Degeneracy Nature of “First Genetic Code UUU”
type: item
description: T his study reports our discoveries about the serious defects of the genetic topic “UUU’s degeneracy”, as Matthaei-Nirenberg poly-U experiment in 1961 never mentioned the degeneracy nature of first genetic code UUU. Ochoa’s experimental conclusion “3U:phe, 2U1C:phe” was lack of the chemical transforming process between “20 groups of 3 nucleotides (or 20 species of amino acids)” and “64 linear nucleotide triplets( or 64 times of amino acids frequency), the mathematical transformation of three consecutive nucleotides on Watson-Crick model of DNA from 64 linear triplets to 20 triangles (in Gamow’s observation of diamond code) could never be the chemical relations to make “20 species of amino acids” repeated to “64 times of amino acids” , and Ochoa’s UUU was neither a group of three U, nor linear triplet UUU. Many concepts involved in UUU’s degeneracy seriously violates Matthaei-Nirenberg poly-U experiment in 1961. • In mathematics, the parameters array of (1:1, 1:1, 1:1, 1:1, 1:3, 1:3, 1:3, 1:3, 1:3, 1:3, 1:3, 1:3, 1:3, 1:3, 1:3, 1:3, 1:6, 1:6, 1:6, 1:6) is not only the “degeneracy value” of each triplet, but also the “expansion value” of each amino acid, therefore, each amino acid can be chosen to correspond any value of triplets in Gamow - Crick “coding” proposals. Wobble Hypothesis only changes anticodon and doesn’t change the species of amino acids on tRNA. In chemistry, Poly-(U,C) producing poly-phe in non-Nirenberg experiments serious violates Poly-U producing poly-phe in Matthaie-Nirenberg experiments. No biochemists find the model protein in which the phenylalanine has only 2 shares, nor the total proportion among different amino acids are as “(1:1:2 :2,:2 :2:2 :2 :2 :2:2 :3:4 :4:4:4:4:6:6:6) “, and in which the model nucleic acid has 64 triplet (each triplet codon displays once in the model nucleic acids). In the end, we suggest to cancel the concept of UUU’s degeneracy, i.e.: “UUU degenerate to UUC” cannot be established in biochemical sciences.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: UUU’s Degeneracy
  topic: keywords
subject: Nirenberg
  topic: keywords
subject: Ochoa
  topic: keywords
subject: Crick’s 4 × 4 × 4 <the Genetic Code> Table
  topic: keywords
creator: Xingyang YANG
creator: Tzu -Ching Shih
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 Journal of Pharmaceutical Research & Reports
date: 2024-10-14
publication date: 2024-10-14
starting page: 1
ending page: 11
doi: 10.47363/JPRSR/2024(5)161

On the Origin, Emergence and Pathogenic Patterns of Acinetobacter baumannii
type: item
description: Acinetobacter baumannii is a deadly Gram-negative species of bacteria whose virulence and resistance to antibiotics is threatening the lives of patients in hospitals across the globe. The examination of Acinetobacter baumannii’s virulent behaviour patterns in secluded synthetic, as well as ecological environments and; its acquisition of genes responsible for its persistence in sterile synthetic environments and those responsible for its lethality to humans reveal clear evidence of its recent artificial outbreak origin, virulent emergence and spread within healthcare facility populations around the World. A method of killing Acinetobacter baumannii is proposed based on the information presented herein.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Acinetobacter baumannii
  topic: keywords
subject: Acinetobacter Complex
  topic: keywords
subject: Acinetobacter nosocomialis
  topic: keywords
subject: Biological Engineering
  topic: keywords
subject: Global Conflict
  topic: keywords
subject: Multi-Drug Resistance
  topic: keywords
subject: Nosocomial Infection
  topic: keywords
subject: Pathogenic Bacterial Strains
  topic: keywords
subject: Vibrio cholerae
  topic: keywords
creator: Wilson McCord
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 Journal of Pharmaceutical Research & Reports
date: 2024-07-20
publication date: 2024-07-20
starting page: 1
ending page: 9
doi: 10.47363/JPRSR/2024(5)159

Exploring the Impact of Nanoparticles in the Human Body and Brain
type: item
description: Nanotechnology has emerged as a promising field with vast implications across numerous industries, including medicine. The ability to manipulate matter at the nanoscale has opened up new possibilities for targeted drug delivery, disease diagnosis, and medical imaging. One particular area of study within nanotechnology is the use of nanoparticles in the human body. When the size of particles between 1-100 nanometers are known as nanoparticles. They differ from their bulk counterparts in terms of their characteristics and behaviors. This is due to their high surface-to-volume ratio and quantum confinement effects. In this article we examine the latest research on nanoparticles in the human body, highlighting their potential applications, as well as concerns and challenges associated with their use. Nanoparticles have shown great promise in different biomedical uses such as the delivery of drugs, biosensors and imaging agents. T hey ideal candidates for targeted drug delivery, as they can accumulate at specific sites in the body and release therapeutic agents in a controlled manner.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Body and Brain
  topic: keywords
subject: Nanoparticles
  topic: keywords
creator: Anwar Jahan
creator: Anika Vashisht
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 Journal of Pharmaceutical Research & Reports
date: 2024-08-20
publication date: 2024-08-20
starting page: 1
ending page: 2
doi: 10.47363/JPRSR/2024(5)160

Revision of the Jones Criteria for the Diagnosis of Acute Rheumatic Fever at Jiblah University Hospital, Yemen
type: item
description: Background: Acute Rheumatic Fever (ARF) is an important and preventable cause of morbidity and mortality in developing countries including Yemen. Jones criteria provided a standardized approach for the identification of Acute Rheumatic Fever and facilitated an improvement in early case detection Aims: To determine the extent to which physicians rely on Jones criteria to diagnose acute rheumatic fever in patients attending Jiblah University Hospital, Yemen. Materials and Methods: A hospital-based cross-sectional study was carried out at Jiblah University Hospital in Jiblah town, Yemen. Data of 71 convenience samples were collected through an open-ended questionnaire and analyzed using SPSS version 26. Results: Of 71 clinically diagnosed cases of ARF who tested high ASO titer, only 10 (14.1%) met the revised Jones criteria. Conclusions: The financial inability of patients to undergo Doppler echocardiography coupled with physician’s negligence about the importance of Jones criteria for diagnosing rheumatic fever and their reliance on high ASO titers for diagnosing rheumatic fever could lead to misdiagnosis of rheumatic fever in the study area.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Acute Rheumatic Fever
  topic: keywords
subject: ASO
  topic: keywords
subject: Jiblah University Hospital
  topic: keywords
subject: Jones Criteria
  topic: keywords
subject: Yemen
  topic: keywords
creator: Sadeq Kaid Mohammed Al Mohani
creator: Baheeq Abdullwahed Saleh Almuraisi
creator: Noman Ahmed Yahya Al Hatemi
creator: Rafed Abdullrzzaq Al Hendi
creator: Hatem Mohammed Al Gorafi
creator: Maysa Ali Al Hassani
creator: Ahmed Al Shaghdri Mohammed
creator: Mariam Abd Al Hakim Al Rahbi
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 Journal of Pharmaceutical Research & Reports
date: 2024-07-20
publication date: 2024-07-20
starting page: 1
ending page: 5
doi: 10.47363/JPRSR/2024(5)158