Journal of Physical Medicine Rehabilitation Studies & Reports
Journal of Physical Medicine Rehabilitation Studies & Reports is an open access peer-reviewed journal from the publishers of Scientific Research and Community (SRC) which publishes articles in the form of written, video and power-point presentations from the arena of Physical Medicine Rehabilitation Studies. The journal focuses to build up accessing the complete content of articles freely from online for reader’s perusal. Article acceptance will be in the form of research, review, case reports, analysis, magazines, editorials, opinion, communications, mini-review, short communications, picturized, book review, video type and power point presentations (PPTS). You can submit articles Online: https://srcpublishers.com/physical-medicine-rehabilitation/user/register or through Email: jpmrs@onlinescientificresearch.info (or) jpmrs@onlinescientificresearch.net 1.5 Impact Factor 84.5% Citations 90% Acceptance
Physiotherapeutic Management of Pain in Children with Cerebral Palsy: A Narrative Analysis
Pain in boys and girls with Cerebral Palsy (CP) is a problem that can significantly affect their quality of life, altering movement and development. Therefore, this research seeks to describe, based on a narrative review, the approach of Physiotherapy in the pain of pediatric cerebral palsy. Methodology: A retrospective documentary search was carried out in databases, PubMed, OVID, PeDro and Scielo, using connectors (AND) (OR); with the MESH terms Cerebral Palsy, Pediatrics, Pain Management, Rehabilitation, Chronic Pain and Physical therapy. The inclusion criteria are: Pediatric population, English, French, Portuguese or Spanish language, including physiotherapy intervention, underlying pathology, cerebral palsy. The selection process is carried out by reading titles, reading summaries and finally reading the full text. Information was extracted using the PICO format (participants, intervention, comparison and results). Results: The search obtained a total of (n=373) articles, from which (n=364) were eliminated, including a total (n=9). The two main categories aimed at physiotherapy intervention in this type of patient are pain evaluation and interaction for pain management. Studies show positive results for pain management in pediatric patients with cerebral palsy, from physiotherapy interventions in modalities such as therapeutic massage, relaxation training, biofeedback and interventions within motor function. Conclusions: The approach to pain care in children with cerebral palsy seeks to be preventive, curative and rehabilitative, but not all conditions are 100% curable. The main objective is to improve the child’s quality of life, providing them with the greatest comfort and functionality possible.
Cerebral Palsy, Pain, Pediatrics, Rehabilitation, Physiotherapy
Paula Andrea Ahumada Rodriguez Rodriguez
Andrea Carolina Amaya Cordoba Amaya Cordoba
Copyright (c) 2026 Journal of Physical Medicine Rehabilitation Studies & Reports
Patellar Fracture and Cerclage: A Case Report
Patellar fractures represent 1% of all fractures in the human body and are most common between the ages of 20 and 50. Studies have shown that men are twice as likely as women to suffer this type of injury. Fractures can be uncompounded or displaced, with two fragments or comminuted, or with multiple fragments. (Explanatory drawing)
Finding a Shared Identity: Music Therapists and Musicians Collaborating on a Hospital Ward
Music therapists and musicians collaborating on a hospital ward. How can they find a shared identity as an ensemble to make live music for patients and staff on a cancer ward? We will take you on a research journey, where music therapists and musicians are finding themselves in a new setting and in a new collaboration. On their journey together they are reflecting on their different professional identities, negotiating the joint artistic approach and learning from each other in order to complete the task of making person-centred music for patients and staff.
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic due to infection by the SARS- CoV- 2 virus started primarily as a respiratory illness. However as the pandemic has evolved since January 2020, it has brought to the fore varied presentations. Though uncommon, COVID- 19 associated stroke is now well known. Most are ischemic strokes; however, haemorrhagic venous strokes and intracerebral haemorrhage (ICH) have also been observed with COVID- 19. A recent meta-analysis noted that one fourth of patients with stroke symptoms did not experience any of the other typical COVID- 19 symptoms [1].
Copyright (c) 2021 Journal of Physical Medicine Rehabilitation Studies & Reports
Effectiveness of Intensive Physical Rehabilitation Therapy on Knee Joint Function Among Patients with Osteoarthritis: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Background: Osteoarthritis (OA) remains one of the leading causes of disability among adults worldwide, significantly limiting mobility and quality of life. Although pharmacological management offers temporary symptom relief, long-term efficacy remains suboptimal. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of an intensive physical rehabilitation therapy program compared to conventional physiotherapy in improving knee joint function, reducing pain, and enhancing overall mobility among patients with knee OA. Methods: A randomized controlled trial was conducted among 180 adults (aged 40–75 years) diagnosed with moderate knee OA (Kellgren–Lawrence grades II–III). Participants were randomized into two groups: the Intensive Physical Rehabilitation Therapy (IPRT) group (n=90) received a structured 12-week intervention involving progressive resistance exercise, manual therapy, and proprioceptive training, while the Control group (n=90) received standard hospital-based physiotherapy. Primary outcomes were pain intensity (VAS) and joint function (WOMAC). Secondary outcomes included quadriceps strength, range of motion (ROM), and quality of life (SF-36). Statistical analysis used paired and independent t-tests with p<0.05 considered significant. Results: After 12 weeks, the IPRT group demonstrated a significant reduction in pain (mean ΔVAS = –3.6 ± 0.9 vs –1.8 ± 0.7; p<0.001), improved joint function (ΔWOMAC = –21.3 ± 5.8 vs –10.4 ± 4.1; p<0.001), and increased quadriceps strength (Δ = +4.2 ± 0.8 kg; p<0.01). Improvement in SF-36 physical function subscale was also greater in the IPRT group (p<0.05). No adverse events were reported. Conclusion: Intensive physical rehabilitation significantly enhances knee joint function and pain reduction compared to standard physiotherapy.
Osteoarthritis, Physical Rehabilitation, Joint Function, Randomized Controlled Trial, Pain Management
Synergistic Action in Pain Therapy: An Observational Study on theCombined Use of Oxygen-Ozone Therapy and Oral and TopicalNutraceutical Supplementation
Introduction: Chronic musculoskeletal pain, often resistant to conventional treatments, negatively impacts patients’ quality of life. In recent years, multimodal and integrative approaches have gained increasing importance in managing this condition. Oxygen-ozone therapy and the use of nutraceutical supplements have been recognized as emerging strategies in pain treatment. Objective: To evaluate the synergistic efficacy of the combination of oxygen-ozone therapy and topical and oral nutraceutical supplementation in reducing pain symptoms, exploiting the anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and regenerative properties of ozone and the ability of nutraceutical supplementation to induce healing processes. Materials and Methods: Prospective observational study conducted on 54 patients with chronic musculoskeletal pain, treated with an average of 10 sessions of oxygen-ozone therapy on a weekly basis via paravertebral or intra-articular injections and selected nutraceutical supplements administered orally for oxidative stress and for improving sleep quality and anxiety symptoms, and topically for a local analgesic and anti-inflammatory action. Pain assessment was performed using a Visual Analogue Scale (VAS). A quality-of-life questionnaire (SF-36) was administered to assess the physical, mental, and emotional impact of this intervention in patients with chronic musculoskeletal pain. Results: A statistically significant reduction in mean VAS scores was observed at the end of treatment, with a mean reduction of 65% (p<0.001). Quality of life questionnaires showed significant improvement in domains related to pain, mobility with functional limitations in daily life and work, and to mental and emotional state. Conclusions: The integrated treatment with oxygen-ozone therapy and oral and topical nutraceutical supplementation showed efficacy and good tolerability in the management of chronic musculoskeletal pain, suggesting that new personalized therapeutic models, oriented towards the integration of traditional and complementary medicine, can be exploited for patients suffering from pain.
Oxygen-Ozone Therapy, Glutathione, Ashwagandha, Cannabis Sativa Oil, Cannabidiol, Chronic Musculoskeletal Pain
Copyright (c) 2025 Journal of Physical Medicine Rehabilitation Studies & Reports
Synergistic Action in Pain Therapy: An Observational Study on the Combined Use of Oxygen-Ozone Therapy and Oral and Topical Nutraceutical Supplementation
Biosafety and Biosecurity in Africa: Challenges and Future Perspectives
Africa is a home to growing number of biosafety organisations that work to enhance public health in their nations by bringing attention to the significance of biosafety and biosecurity. Since many African countries are low-resource countries, they frequently confront several obstacles that seriously limit their ability to create or grow a sustainable capacity for managing biosafety and biosecurity. The goals of biosecurity and biosafety protocols are to reduce both intentional and unintentional biological risks that could have disastrous effects on a nation’s health system, agriculture, security, and political and economic stability. Regrettably, on a national, regional, and international level, biosecurity and biosafety are frequently given insufficient priority. Even, though Africa is home to a growing number of biosafety organisations that work to enhance public health in their nations by bringing attention to the significance of biosafety and biosecurity, Standard Biosafety and Biosecurity Measures to contain hazardous infections are missing across the African continent. In this paper, the current state, challenges, and prospects of biosafety and biosecurity status of African nations are discussed. Biosafety; Biosecurity; Bioterrorism; Africa.
Strategies for Preventing Sports Injuries: A Practical Review
Sports injuries are common at every level of athletic participation. They limit performance, shorten careers, and can have long-term effects on joint health.Over the last two decades, a growing body of research has highlighted effective ways to reduce both the number and severity of these injuries. Objective: This review aims to translate current scientific knowledge into clear, practical strategies that coaches, clinicians, and athletes can apply in everyday training. Methods: A narrative review was conducted, drawing on key studies, systematic reviews, and established prevention programmes. The focus is on simple, evidence-based strategies such as structured warm-ups, neuromuscular and strength training, load management, nutrition, recovery, equipment use, and education. Results: Evidence supports multi-component approaches. Structured warm-up programmes (e.g., FIFA 11+) lower overall injury risk. Neuromuscular training improves movement quality and reduces the likelihood of knee injuries, especially ACL tears. Strength and conditioning build resilience against overload. Balanced nutrition, hydration, and adequate recovery further protect athletes. Conclusions: Preventing sports injuries is realistic if we combine training-based strategies with proper recovery and education. Success depends not only on the science but also on compliance.
Agricultural High-Quality Development and Health
Agricultural development has entered a new stage of high-quality growth. High-quality agricultural development refers to the adoption of certain measures and methods to enable the land to generate the maximum output and services, and to meet people’s aspirations for a better life and agricultural production services. The theoretical basis for high-quality agricultural development lies in the utilization limit of plant resources, the carrying capacity of vegetation, and the critical period for regulating the relationship between plant resources. This includes the utilization limit of plant spatial resources, the carrying capacity of spatial vegetation, and the critical period for regulating the relationship between plant spatial resources in areas rich in soil moisture and soil nutrients. The critical period for regulating the limit of plant soil water resource utilization, the carrying capacity of soil moisture and vegetation, and the relationship between plants and water in water-restricted areas. The approach to high-quality agricultural development lies in selecting the best seeds or varieties, determining the appropriate initial planting density, regulating the relationship between plant resources, ensuring good plant growth, achieving the quality, maximum yield and benefits to realize the sustainable utilization of natural resources and high-quality agricultural development.
Critical Period of Plant Resources Relationship Regulation
Sustainable Utilization of Natural Resources
Platelet-Rich Plasma and Air Cryotherapy Treatment: Principles, Method and Benefits
Between 16 September 2018 and 15 September 2023, within the Polimed Dacia Medical Center, the project “Innovative method of medical recovery through platelet-rich plasma and air cryotherapy treatment” was implemented, funded by the Competitiveness Operational Program, priority axis 1. By using this service, patients were able to recover the normal functionality of the joint faster. Platelet-Rich Plasma (PRP) is a blood-derived product with a higher concentration of platelets in plasma, which is used to provide supraphysiological amounts of growth factors. Due to their analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties, cryotherapies are widely used to improve the rehabilitation of patients with various joint diseases. We observed that PRP treatment combined with cryotherapy in joint injuries and tendon inflammations have a beneficial effect on the recovery of affected tissues. In the case of joint immobilization over a long period of time, the occurrence of inflammatory processes decreases considerably after the use of the aero cryotherapy.
Combating the Opioid Crisis Through the Body Rejuvenation System (BRS): A Regenerative Approach to Pain Resolution
The opioid crisis continues to devastate global health systems, with over 100,000 annual overdose deaths in the United States alone. At its root lies the medical community’s struggle to address intractable pain effectively without dependency-forming analgesics. This presentation introduces the Body Rejuvenation System (BRS)—a novel, non-invasive nano- microcurrent biofeedback therapy that aims to restore function by regenerating pathological tissue, rather than merely suppressing pain signals. The BRS approach identifies and targets dysfunctional cell populations exhibiting altered membrane potential (Vmem), a hallmark of chronic inflammation, degeneration, or nerve injury. Unlike TENS (transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation) or frequency-specific microcurrent devices, BRS applies a battery powered Alternating Current (AC) that reverses polarity every 2.5 seconds and utilizes a uniform regenerative frequency across the body.This allows for whole-system neuro-electrical rebalancing, enhancing the body’s intrinsic healing response. Clinical case observations have shown successful resolution of intractable pain conditions— including severe migraines, postoperative infections, acute pleuritis, and joint deformity pain —without pharmacological intervention. Patients reported rapid functional recovery, restored sensation, and return to daily activities after just days to weeks of BRS therapy. This paper outlines the mechanism of action, clinical applications, and potential role of BRS in outpatient and rehabilitation settings. The technology aligns with national calls to find opioid-sparing pain solutions and opens new possibilities for personalized, regenerative pain care.
Demographic Data as a Factor of Differentiating the Effects of a Small-Scale Dance Event. The Case of the Fair in Vitsa, Zagori
The institution of the festival is the main reason for the villagers to return to their birthplace. Initially, the festival was a worship process that honored the Saint of each closed social group of relatives and through the forging of social cohesion, it gave way to broader festive events that concern the entire community.The above events have broader dimensions, which shape the phenomenon of the festival within a framework of a supra-kinship local community [1].
Validation and Reliability Assessment of the Arabic Locomotor Capabilities Index for Adults with Lower Limb Amputation: A Cross-Cultural Study
Background: Amputations can severely impact an individual’s financial situation, emotional well-being, and social integration. Background: Amputations can significantly negatively impact an individual’s economic status, psychological health, and social life. The Locomotor Capabilities Index (LCI) measures how well people with lower-limb amputation can use prostheses to carry out activities. The validity and reliability of the Arabic version of the LCI were assessed in this study. Methods: The English Locomotor Capabilities Index had been translated forward and backward for cross-cultural adaptation to Arabic (LCI). The Subsequent Arabic (SAUDI) LCI was then administered to fifty-seven patients with amputation; thirteen of them were women with a mean age of 53 years (ranging from 29 to 71), while forty-four were men with a mean age of 55 years (ranging between 20 and 85 years). All patients were trained in Al Nour Rehabilitation training centre – in Mecca -KSA. The validity and reliability of the Arabic LCI were evaluated through several measures. In two different subgroups of 20 and 30 amputation patients, the Arabic LCI was compared to the Time Up-and-Go test (TUG) and the Index of EQ-5D Health Utility to assess its structural validity. Scores from various age groups were compared to determine the discrimination value. Thirty individuals with amputations underwent test-retest reliability (7–14 day) evaluations. Results: The Arabic LCI demonstrated good converging structure validity, exhibiting a strong correlation with TUG (r = 0.79 & 95%CI - 0.90- 0.60) and EQ-5D (r= 0.81,95%CI 0.61- 0.92), as well as discriminatory effect, with mean scores for older amputees significantly lower than for younger amputees (p < 0.001)) and high internal consistency (Cronbach alpha 0.93 ) (CI 95 % 0.91-0.94) . Test-retest reliability for unilateral amputees had an intraclass correlation coefficient of 0.93 (95 % CI 0.83-0.92). 17.5 % of the cases involved the ceiling effect. The ceiling effect occurred in 17.5% of the cases. Conclusion: The Arabic version of the LCI has shown strong internal consistency and validity in adults with amputation.
Evaluation of the Clinical and Electrophysiological Impact of Cervical Lymph Node Curage on the Function of Accessory Spinal Nerve Xi
The most frequent complication of neck dissection is the spinal accessory nerve injury, particularly during level IIb dissection. The objective of our work is to assess the impact of this surgery on the function of the spinal accessory nerve, as well as to determine the risk factors associated with nerve lesions and to propose suitable rehabilitation strategies. We conducted a prospective study in the Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Department at the Ibn Rochd University Hospital in Casablanca, in collaboration with the Otorhinolaryngology Department. The study included 29 patients (50 neck dissections) who underwent cervical lymph node dissection between January 2023 and December 2023 and were followed up in our department for 6 months after the operation. We included in this study all patients who had undergone cervical lymph node dissection, regardless of the initial indication. The analysis focused on clinical evaluation and electromyography (EMG) to identify alterations in the spinal accessory nerve and to identify factors influencing the evolution. These results indicate that neck dissection, particularly level IIb, may lead to significant neurological repercussions. These complications may disrupt patients’ quality of life, raising the question of the necessity of such an intervention in certain clinical indications. Although spontaneous clinical improvement is often observed, rehabilitation can play a crucial role in managing patients, helping to mitigate the effects of these residual effects. A reevaluation of surgical practices may also be necessary to balance oncologic efficacy and patients’ well-being.
Grade III Acromioclavicular Dislocation in an Elite Male Lacrosse Player - Case Report
Background: Dislocations of the acromioclavicular joint have been frequently reported in collision and contact sports such as American football and rugby.Traumatic acromioclavicular joint injuries also account for the most frequent occurring shoulder injury in men’s colligate lacrosse by the National Collegiate Athletic Association. Consensus exists on the conservative management of low-grade injuries, whilst equipoise remains on the management of dislocation in contact athletes. Despite increasing popularity of lacrosse and increasing number of epidemiological injury surveillance, little evidence exists to guide sports specific rehabilitation and effective return to play. Purpose: This paper describes the case of an elite level male lacrosse player managed conservatively with a grade III acromioclavicular dislocation. Study Design: Single patient case study. Methods: Descriptive case report of the rehabilitation and return to play decisions. Results: Grade III dislocations of the acromioclavicular joint can be managed with or without operative intervention. Rehabilitation programmes following this injury need to be tailored to the complex movement needs of the athlete’s sport, the addition of direct contact in lacrosse collisions needs to be considered in athletes returning to this sport. With a structured rehabilitation programme addressing all aspects of the sport a player can safely return to elite level lacrosse competition without surgical intervention. Conclusion: Conservative management of a grade III/IV acromioclavicular joint injury can allow safe return to lacrosse in a timely manner.
Predictive Modeling for Coronavirus Pandemic: A Time Series Analysis
The COVID-19 pandemic has led to a dramatic loss of human life worldwide. India, with a population of more than 1.34 billion - the second largest population in the world have faced acute difficulty in controlling the transmission of Coronavirus among its population, particularly during the second wave. This results into serious repercussions on mortality and morbidity in India. In this Study, the secondary data which is available on public domain of Government of India and Other Countries was used. This data is extracted from different websites from 1 April, 2020 to 30 April, 2021 for a total of 395 days. This data consists of – cumulative confirmed cases, active cases, recovered cases, the actual deaths per day and cumulative deaths. The association between daily confirmed cases and mortality was established using the generalized additive model (GAM) with natural and penalized spline smoothers at (6,2,2) degrees of freedom in R software with mortality as a dependent variable. Smoothers for day of the week, active cases, actual active cases were also included in the model. In the corresponding period mortality rate on an average 533 is deaths per day. The association between daily confirmed cases and daily mortality was found to be statistically significant. The relative risk has been computed for increase in every 1000 number of daily confirmed cases. For increase in 1000 number of daily confirmed cases, the expected number of deaths amounts to 1.006702 (approximately). The entire data has been divided into seven zones and for each zone GAM Model was fitted to make future prediction. The analysis box plots, smoothing plots along with PACF plots, residual plots and predicted plots.
Public Health Emergency of International Concern
Effectiveness of Subscapularis Training Versus Serratus Anterior Training on Improving Performance in Overhead Throwing Athletes
Background: The overhead throwing motion is an intricate, highly coordinated musculoskeletal sequence placing multi-directional and supra physiological forces on the shoulder. The repetitive and highly demanding action results in adaptive structural changes allowing the athlete to effectively perform the overhead athletic motions; however, this is often at the expense of the normal kinematics of the gleno humeral joint. Objective: This experimental study was aimed to find out the effect of Subscapularis Training Versus Serratus Anterior Training on Improving Performance in overhead throwing athletes. Methods: Before the collection of data, subjects were explained about the purpose of the study. The investigators have given a detailed orientation about the various test procedures. Such as FTPI to measure the throwing accuracy and Medicine ball throw test to measure the throwing distance. The consent and full co-operation of each participant was sought after complete explanation of condition and demonstration of the procedures involved in the study. Results: Paired t-test was used for within group analysis. Independent t test followed by post analysis was employed for between group comparisons. When comparing mean values of group, A and B, Group A subjects trained by subscapularis training showed more difference in throwing distance than group B. Conclusion: This study concludes that the results from the present study are very encouraging and demonstrate the benefits of subscapularis training in improving throwing distance as compared serratus anterior training. Thus, subscapularis training can be incorporated into training programs of overhead throwing athlete for enhancing their performance levels.
Effect of Dance Movement Therapy on Physical Well-Being of Cancer Patients
Cancer treatment often poses significant physical, emotional, and psychological challenges, leaving patients struggling with pain, fatigue, anxiety, depression, and a disconnect from their bodies. Dance Movement Therapy (DMT) provides an innovative, body-centred approach that helps cancer patients navigate these challenges by fostering emotional expression, enhancing physical well-being, and promoting psychological resilience. DMT uses movement as a therapeutic tool to help patients reconnect with their bodies, improve their emotional health, and alleviate treatment-related stress. It encourages patients to explore feelings and experiences non-verbally, offering a safe space for emotional release and creative self-expression. By focusing on the mind-body connection, DMT aids in restoring a positive body image, enhancing mobility, and reducing physical discomfort. Research suggests that DMT can improve the quality of life for cancer patients by reducing anxiety, depression, and emotional distress. Additionally, the group nature of many DMT sessions fosters social support and combats the isolation often felt during cancer treatment.
Satisfaction and Adherence to Exercises in Patients for Home Health vs Clinic PT
Patient satisfaction and adherence to prescribed exercises are critical factors influencing the success of physical therapy (PT). This article explores the comparative dimensions of clinic-based and home health PT settings, analyzing how these environments impact patient outcomes. Clinic-based PT offers structured settings with access to specialized equipment, fostering accountability and precise monitoring, but logistical challenges and time constraints may hinder satisfaction and adherence. Home health PT provides convenience, personalized care, and a focus on functional training within a patient’s familiar environment, yet it may face limitations in equipment availability and potential distractions. By examining the advantages and disadvantages of both settings, this article sheds light on the importance of tailoring PT delivery to individual patient needs to optimize engagement, satisfaction, and therapeutic outcomes.
Assistive Technology and Its Impact on Activities of Daily Living and Quality of Life: A Survey of Occupational Therapists in Saudi Arabia Working with Cerebral Palsy Patients
Background: Cerebral palsy (CP) is a prevalent motor disability, characterized by permanent disorders affecting movement and posture development, resulting in activity limitations. The prevalence of CP is higher in low- and middle-income countries compared to high-income countries. Purpose or Objectives: The research aims to explore the impact of assistive technology (AT) on improving the quality of life for individuals with CP, focusing on their ability to perform Activities of Daily Living. Methods: The study employs a descriptive design and surveys registered occupational therapists in Saudi Arabia. The survey includes questions about the types of AT used, their perceived impact on the patients’ daily lives and quality of life, and any challenges or barriers encountered in their use. Results: The majority of therapists (92.7%) are engaged in the treatment of patients diagnosed with CP, with 71.1% utilizing AT in their treatment approach. The most commonly used types of AT are for self-care (85.2%), mobility (74.1%), and cognition (48.1%). The perceived impact of AT results in a medium to high level of improvement in the patient’s ability to manage daily activities and overall quality of life. However, common barriers encountered by therapists include a lack of availability (70.4%) and insufficient financial support (70.4%). Conclusion: The study concludes that AT plays a crucial role in improving the quality of life for individuals with CP. However, there is a need to address the prevalent barriers to its use, such as availability and financial support.
Smoking Cessation Intervention (SCI) in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus - a Cohort Study
Rehabilitation programs for patients diagnosed with Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) include smoking cessation to reduce development of complications and pre-mortality. This study aimed to compare successful smoking cessation after the intensive 6-week Gold Standard Program (GSP) among smokers with and without T2DM in Denmark. Additionally, we evaluated predictors of successful quitting. This register-based cohort study evaluated data from a total of 38,776 patients collected over a decade via the Danish STOPbase for Tobacco & Nicotine from 252 Stop-Units across Denmark. A further 1,373 (4%) did not consent to the 6-month follow-up or had died/immigrated and were not part of this study. In the Danish National Patient Registry, 1,400 patients were diagnosed with T2DM prior to participating in the GSP and the control group of 36,888 patients had no diagnosis of diabetes. In addition, 488 patients had other types of diabetes and were excluded. The follow-up rates were about two thirds in the T2DM and the control groups; 67.3 % (942/1,400) and 68.6% (25,312/36,888), respectively. After 6 months, the continuous abstinence rate was 25.3% and 24.9% (adjusted OR 1.09; 95% CI 0.94-1.26) for the T2DM and control groups, and the 14-day point prevalence was 29.4% and 29.2% (adjusted OR 1.08; 95% CI 0.93-1.25). Compliance, measured as meeting adherence, was the strongest predictor of successful quitting (adjusted OR 3.27; 95% CI: 3.07-3.49). In conclusion, after participation in the GSP for 6 months, there was no statistical difference in successful quitting between patients with and without T2DM; therefore, we rejected the hypothesis. Compliance was the utmost important predictor of successful smoking cessation.
Grip Strength and Carpal Tunnel: What Interest in Management
Introduction: Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is one of the most common musculoskeletal disorders of the upper extremity. Strong evidence supports operative treatment, in motor forms, regardless of technique, as superior to nonoperative treatment. Severity of motor forms of CTS depend of clinicals, and Electroneuromyography aspects. According to ENMG aspects, therapeutics decisions are difficults. Hook grip strength could early diagnosed decreasy strenght, and classified patients. Objectives: Our study aim to determine strenght grip characteristics in differents class of severity in CTS.Patients and Methods: We conducted a multicenter study including patients with unilateral CTS, on two phases. Weren’t included, patients with bilateral CTS and pre-existing functional limitations of upper limb. We classed patients in 3 groups of severity according to motor ENMG results. Hook grip strength measured in all patients by a dynamometer with a maximum strenght of 90 kg on both sides and Functional capacity evaluated by Functional dimension of Boston Crapal Tunel Questionary (FBCTQ). We classes strength grip on three groups of severity according to differences of both sides. Results: We collected 33 patients. Median age was 48,33 ± 11,67 years. Sex-ratio was 0,27. CTS was severe in 54. 5% of patients. Grip strenght decreased in 81.8% of patients. Minor reduced grip strenght interested 45.5% of patients. FBCTQ score is less than 2/5 in 64% of patients. Functional prognosis factor in CTS were FBCTQS (P= 0.035), trans-carpal Tunel Velocity (p=0,025). Conclusion: Therapeutics decisions in CTS must include evaluation of Hook Grip strength and FBCTQS.
Post-Operative Recovery and Preparation for Ambulation after Foot and Ankle Surgery
This is a review article that focuses on patient self-recovery, pain modulation without pain medication, edema control and preparation for ambulation after a foot or ankle surgery both elective and traumatic surgical procedures. The available evidence and literature review were limited due to the few studies that are devoted to this area of focus. This review article takes a comprehensive and prescriptive perspective into strategies of the aftermath of the physiological and psychological effects on the body, specifically the lower extremity after foot or ankle surgery. Some of these strategies include initial edema control, nutrition, scar massage and reduction of non-mobile skin from the surgical incision within the surgery. A review of the theory of prehabilitation and examples of therapeutic exercises are explained within the article which target important proximal gait muscles needed for ambulation which can be conditioned with the foot and ankle in a CAM boot or a cast.
The Remedial Values of Adaptive Ball Types for Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders
Previous studies in the area of motor impairments in children with autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) have warranted an urgent need to review interventions that support fundamental movement skills (FMS). This paper intends to investigate the effectiveness of adaptive ball types used within Physical Education (PE) on the object control proficiency (a subgroup of FMS), in children with ASDs. Following pilot work, 12 children (aged 14.70 ± 2.70) performed four object control tasks (throwing, catching, kicking and soccer style dribbling), using three different ball types (the Developmental Ball, an underweight ball and a control ball). A repeated measures ANOVA was run to statically analyse performance scores. The ANOVA indicated that the type of ball used (f(2,22) 22.798, p<0.001), activity undertaken (f(3,33)= 12.377, p<0.01) and the interaction between the two (f(6,66)=-70.163, p<0.01) ultimately, had a significant effect on motor proficiency. Moreover, the Developmental Ball proved to be consistently beneficial across the object control skills, with post hoc t-tests showing strong significance against the underweight ball in kicking (t(11)=-3,031, p<0. 033) and soccer style dribbling (t(11)=-8.603, p<0.016). This paper concludes Skogstad’s creation to be an invaluable blueprint for the development of fundamental object control skills, in children with ASDs.
pervasive developmental disorder–not otherwise specified (PDD-NOS)
Evaluating the Physical Condition of Students of the Military Academies of the Greek Armed Forces based on Simple Tests. Comparison of the Physical Condition of First Year Students to Third Year Students
The present study provides useful information on the Hellenic Armed personnel and their physical condition. To evaluate this, five tests of the Eurofit bundle were used. These tests were: a) shuttle run (endurance run), b) 30 meters sprint, c) hand grip strength test, d) Vertical jump test, e) sit and reach test. There was a comparison between first-year and third-year students at the school of Regular Non-commissioned officers from the Hellenic Armed Forces. A total of 75 students at the School of Regular Non-Commissioned Officers were evaluated for their physical condition, through the aforementioned Eurofit tests. They were divided in two groups, 33 first-year students and 42 third-year students. All of them were male individuals between the ages of 18 and 21. The working hypothesis was thus related to the possibility of different results in the physical condition of first year students as compared to third-year students. The subjects were tested on the shuttle run endurance test, the 30-meter sprint, the hand grip strength, the vertical reverse motion jump and the sit and reach test (flexibility test). The average values of the tests were at a fairly high level compared to the results of similar studies (endurance: 8.57 - 8.93 stages, sprint: 4.32 - 4.32sec, grip strength: 48.5 - 58.2kp, jump: 30.1 - 34.4cm, flexibility: 18.10 - 18.17cm). Comparison of performance between freshmen and third-year students revealed that there were no statistically significant differences between the two groups, with the exception of the vertical jump (three year students’ dominance, 34.4 ± 5.7 vs 30.1 ± 5.5 cm). The correlation analysis showed low to moderate correlation coefficients between the performance of sprint and other tests (r = -0.28 to -0.39) and of course a high correlation of performance on the grip strength between right and left hand (r = 0.87). Studies that are longer in duration and with a larger sample should be conducted to assess the performance of applied training programs in the Schools of the Hellenic Armed Forces. Scientific research must be conducted in that direction. At the same time, basic physical fitness parameters should be analyzed to examine the performance and preparedness of the Hellenic army.
Physical Therapy in Maternal Care: Prenatal and Postnatal Approaches for Health and Recovery
Physical therapy also serves as an important element of maternal care, addressing prenatal and postnatal physical, physiological, and emotional changes. During pregnancy, you will have changes such as hormone changes, postural adjustments, and increased physical demands, often leading to discomforts like back pain, pelvic instability, and reduced mobility. Like the postpartum phase, the postpartum phase is characterized by diminished pelvic floor muscles, diastasis recti, as well as psychological problems of postpartum depression. Prenatal physical therapy involves tailored interventions to prepare the body for childbirth, i.e. pelvic floor strengthening, core stability exercises, and postural alignment. On the other hand, postnatal therapy is aimed at restoring physical function, stabilizing the core, and correcting the residual discomforts. But these approaches not only promote quicker physical healing but also help the betterment of mental health and quality of life. Although it has been proven to have benefits, there a barriers to accessing physical therapy, and those barriers are financial and sociocultural. Technological improvements such as wearables, telehealth, and virtual reality hold promise to solve the problem of access and effectiveness. Fostering holistic support for women in this transformational journey requires these innovations to be integrated into maternally minded practices of maternal care.
Application of an Adapted Physical Exercise Program in an Individual with Multiple Sclerosis
Multiple sclerosis is an autoimmune disease that affects the body’s central nervous system and significantly affects the balance and control of the muscular system. The purpose of this work was to implement an interventional water exercise program in a 60-year-old woman with relapsing multiple sclerosis, with mild symptoms, to improve her physical and psychological condition as well as her general well-being, through the reduction of the effects of the disease. The exercise program lasted 2 weeks, for a total of 10 sessions, lasting 45 minutes each, mainly in the morning hours. The intervention took place during the patient’s summer vacation and all sessions took place in a heated indoor pool, 1.50 m deep, of a hotel unit. In the first and last session, assessment tests were applied to determine the physical condition and wellbeing of the patient. The assessment of flexibility was done with the Sit and Reach test, then the Chair Rise Test was used to determine the strength of the lower limbs as well as the Single Leg Stance Test for static balance. The evaluation of the psychological state was done with a questionnaire of subjective perception consisting of 20 questions. The sessions included exercise in the water, with or without the use of special equipment, such as noodles, planks and water dumbbells, while the intervention included stability, strengthening, mobility, agility and trunk and upper-lower limb control exercises. According to the results, the fitness tests showed no significant changes in the functionality of the trainee. However, there has been a positive change in her mental health and quality of life, with an improvement in the synesthetic limitations caused by the condition. In conclusion, the positive effects of exercise on the psychological parameters of the multiple sclerosis patient were confirmed. In order to improve the physical parameters, a longer time of implementation of the intervention program is suggested.
Efficacy of Strain Counterstrain Techniques in the Management of Complex Regional Pain Syndrome: A Detailed Case Study of a 42-Year-Old Female Patient
Complex Regional Pain Syndrome (CRPS) is a challenging condition associated with severe pain and functional impairment. This case study provides an in-depth examination of the treatment of a 42-year-old female diagnosed with CRPS following a traumatic injury to her left hand. The treatment protocol employed strain counterstrain techniques, followed by progressive resistive exercises (PRE) aimed at restoring functional capacity in the hand. Over a three-month period, the patient received weekly physical therapy sessions, with the treatment plan adjusted at the six-week mark to include PRE.Assessments were conducted at baseline, 3 weeks, 6 weeks, and 12 weeks, focusing on pain levels, grip strength, and range of motion. The results indicated a significant reduction in pain from 8/10 to 2/10 on the Numerical Rating Pain Scale (NPRS) and an improvement in grip strength from 5 kg to 28 kg.The patient’s active range of motion also improved, and there was a noticeable reduction in muscle atrophy and swelling. These findings suggest that strain counterstrain, in combination with PRE, can be an effective intervention for CRPS. This case study contributes to the limited body of research on physical therapy interventions for CRPS and highlights the need for further studies to explore the broader applicability of these techniques.
Pilot Study-Estimated VO2 max via Modified Harvard Step Test (MHST) in Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury Patients Undergoing Pre-Op Rehabilitation
Introduction: Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) injury ranging from partial to full thickness tear causes much dysfunction physically and psychologically. It affects both daily & sporting activities with potential of creating long term complications such as post-traumatic osteoarthritis of knee, functional limitations, increase in body mass index (BMI) and loss of cardiorespiratory fitness. Cardiorespiratory fitness is an important indicator for functional and fitness capacity and VO2max is used to measure cardiorespiratory fitness. VO2max is the maximum rate of oxygen consumption during a vigorous exercise. Cardiopulmonary exercise testing is usually done on a treadmill with gaseous exchange system, a process that is time consuming, expensive and difficult to assess and not available in our public health setting. Modified Harvard step test is easy to do, cost friendly and allows mass testing to measure cardiorespiratory fitness (VO2max) however there are inadequate data on ACL injury and its influence on cardiorespiratory fitness using modified Harvard step test. Method: A prospective study was done using patients attending Sports Medicine Gym Hospital Tuanku Ja’afar 2023 and data from 20 patients who were undergoing pre-ACL reconstruction rehabilitation were evaluated. Patients were divided into two groups according to post trauma duration; (<6 months of injury and rehabilitation and >6 months injury and rehabilitation). Patients were required to do modified Harvard step test and translated into VO2max scores. Anthropometric data were also taken from patients. Results: The mean age for our study is 21.9±4.3 years. The mean VO2max for the entire participant was 43.2ml/kg/min. Mean VO2max for groups <6 months injury rehabilitation and >6 months injury rehabilitation was at 35.4±1.8 ml/kg/min and 49.0± 5.8ml/kg/min respectively. We report difference in both groups VO2max Conclusion: Cardiorespiratory fitness is often reduced during earlier phase of injury due to inability to perform aerobic exercises. Progressive rehabilitation can improve cardiorespiratory fitness, aid in patients return to sports and reduces morbidity post operatively. Modified Harvard step test is a reliable and cost-effective method to test VO2max. It is also important to increase cardiorespiratory fitness to maintain healthy BMI.