Epidemiology, Risk Factors and Management of Esophageal Cancerin East of Sudan (Single center experience from 2016-2018)

Abstract

Esophageal Cancer is 6th common cause of cancer death worldwide, internationally the outcome of esophageal cancer is very poor. In Sudan esophageal cancer is also one of the most common malignancies and devastating disease with high mortality [1,3]. This study investigated esophageal cancer in the red sea state, east of Sudan over period October 2016 to October 2018, in port Sudan oncology center. The study included 40 patients, data was collected using a constructed structure pretest questionnaire, evaluated and compared with standard published literature.

Objectives: The study was aimed to look at the epidemiology, risk Factors, clinical presentations and different management modalities of esophageal
cancer in the red sea state, east of Sudan.

Methods and Patients: This study was across sectional retro prospective study, centre based, and was conducted in Port Sudan Oncology Center in
port Sudan, East of Sudan over period of two years from October 2016 to October 2018.

Results: 40 patients involved in the study, This study was showed that the female were more affected with disease(65%), all patients in this study
(100%) were taking coffee with ginger and pepper regularly in the early morning, and this is considered as the most important risk factor was known through this study, while the other risk factor their percentage as following; Hot tea (95%), GERD(42.5%), Smoking(10%) ,Alcohol consumption (2.5%).Dysphagia was the shared symptom between all the cases(100%), while the other symptoms came in different percentage.

Conclusion: Esophageal Cancer was higher in female, more common in the age group 50_70 years old and is common in Beja tribe (50%). The
most common risk factor is regular taking of coffee with ginger (100%). Unfortunately the mortality rate (52.5%) within 5-years after the diagnosis.