The Psychiatric Manifestations of Multiple Sclerosis and their Treatment with Ankylosing Spondylitis: A Literature Review and Case Report

Abstract

 Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a potentially disabling disease of the central nervous system (CNS). It could be manifested by physical and psychological  symptoms. The historical background, etiology, diagnosis and treatment of MS with disease-modifying therapies are briefly summarized. The psychiatric manifestations of MS and their treatment are reviewed and include major depression, bipolar disorder, psychosis, anxiety, insomnia, personality changes, cognitive impairment, pseudobulbar affect and substance use disorders.