Kidney Cancer: 12-years’ Experience of Sultan Qaboos University Hospital

Abstract

Purpose: Kidney cancer is the 10th most common cancer in Omani males. Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is found in 72% of kidney cancers in Oman. The
aim is to study all nephrectomies performed in Sultan Qaboos University Hospital and know the charchectristics of RCC.

Methods: Clinical, radiological and pathological data of 62 patients who underwent nephrectomy in Sultan Qaboos University Hospital over 12 years (1999-2011), were collected retrospectively. Kaplan-Meier, log-rank and chi-squared tests were used for statistical analysis.

Results: A total of 27 patients operated for suspected kidney cancer, 74% were RCC. The mean (SE) tumor size was 8 (1.1) cm. There was a significant
correlation between tumor size and mode of presentation, incidental or symptomatic, (Pearson chi-square 6.3, P = 0.04). The most common tumor location was upper pole of the kidney. The staging and grading were: T1 (52%), N0 (81.5%), M0 (100%), Fuhrman Grade 2 (59.3%). The most common histological type was conventional RCC (40.7%). Oncocytoma was found in (11%). Surgeries performed were radical nephrectomy (66.7%) and partial nephrectomy (33%). The mean (SE) follow up was 24.4 (5.9) months. The two-year overall and disease-free survivals were 85.7% and 66.7% respectively with a recurrence of 31.8%. The histological type had no significant effect on survival (P = 0.299).

Conclusions: To improve the outcomes, referral and centralization of kidney caner surgery care is encouraged. Future long follow up studies in collaboration with ministry of health centers are needed to know the features of RCC in Oman.