The Pandemic of COVID-19, Virological Pathogenesis, Clinical Characteristics, and Pharmacological Treatment: A Review

Abstract

In ending December 2019, a number of cases having Novel Coronavirus-2019 pneumonia (SARS-CoV-2) in Wuhan China, becomes the concern of worldwide. Bats are the main origin of 2019-Novel Coronavirus and were transmitted to humans through yet unknown mediator in Wuhan, Hubei province in China. Till date near about 315,345,967reported cases, 5,510,174 deaths and 213 Countries, areas or territories are facing this problem. 2019-nCoV can progress to pneumonia and may cause acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) with multi-organ dysfunction. Presently early diagnosis is done by the expression of the virus in respiratory secretions by molecular tests. Preventive measures at early can be home isolation of suspected persons and those with mild illnesses and strict infection control measures at hospitals that include contact and droplet precautions. In conclusion time alone will notify how 2019-nCoV will impact on the lives in whole world. Besides the limitations repositioning clinical trials are still in an attractive strategy and they may facilitate the discovery of novel group of medicine alone or combinations with other drugs for COVID-19 treatments but role of antiviral agents is yet to be established. In conclusion the time alone will tell how this deadly virus will impact lives in world and in India. Further in future such outbreaks of different categories of viruses, bacteria and pathogens of zoonotic origin are likely to continue. Different efforts should be made to plan comprehensive measures to prevent such future outbreaks of different viral & bacterial diseases without curbing this virus outbreak.