Antimicrobial Sensitivity Pattern Analysis of Bacterial Species Isolated from Urine Samples

Abstract

Background: Antimicrobial resistance is a significant global health issue. In order to apply efficient control measures to stop the rapid spread of drug resistance, it is vital to comprehend the sensitivity pattern of antibiotics in various types of therapeutically relevant samples. Objective: The present study was carried out to evaluate the distribution of microbial isolates in urine samples and antimicrobial sensitivity in an Indian healthcare setting.

Materials and methods: The urine samples were collected from the both outpatient Department (OPD) and the inpatient department (IPD) between January to June 2023 and transferred to the microbiology laboratory for further investigation. All samples were analysed in specific culture media and pure bacterial isolates were subjected for the evaluation of antimicrobial sensitivity of a range of antimicrobial drugs.

Results: A total of 6732 samples were collected and processed out of which only 918 (14%) samples were found positive for microbial growth. In positive samples, a total of 84% of samples were collected from IPD while the rest were collected from the OPD of different departments. In urine samples, Escherichia coli was found as the predominated microbial isolates. The antimicrobial sensitivity pattern analysis of urine samples revealed that E. coli has high sensitivity against amikacin and Klebsiella spp. have maximum sensitivity against nitrofurantoin, Pseudomonas spp. have good sensitivity against piperacillin/tazobactam and Candida spp. has sensitivity against flucytosine.

Conclusion: The present study concluded that urine samples have similar microbial patterns in IPD and OPD settings and suggest the best antimicrobial drug to improve treatment modalities in a specific geographical region.