Different Graft Materials used in Middle Ear Reconstruction

Abstract

Middle ear reconstruction is a surgical intervention employed to reinstate auditory function in individuals experiencing conductive hearing loss. Several different graft materials have been used to fix holes in the tympanic membrane, such as temporalis fascia, cartilage, perichondrium, periosteum, vein, fat, and skin. This study compares the effectiveness of these graft materials in achieving successful hearing outcomes. The results show that cartilage grafts offer improved durability and resistance to reabsorption, while temporalis fascia grafts have lower-dimensional stability. Palisade cartilage and cartilage island techniques enhance graft strength but may compromise hearing restoration. The success of graft depends on factors such as patient smoking habits, perforation size and location, surgeon expertise, and middle ear mucosa status. This study provides a comprehensive analysis of graft materials in middle
ear reconstruction, highlighting the advantages and limitations of each material to inform surgical decision-making