Antifungi Pattern of Candida Species Isolated From the Children Diapers in Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospital Complex, Nigeria

Abstract

Candidiasis is by far the most common type of yeast infection, these fungi live on all surfaces of our bodies, under certain conditions, they can become so numerous to cause infections, particularly in warm and moist areas, typical affected areas in babies include the mouth and diaper areas, an in vitro antifungal evaluation study was carried out on 48 strains of Candida species isolated from children diapers using disc diffusion method with five different anti fungi drug such as Nystatin (50mcg), Amphotericin-B (50mcg). Fluconazole (10mcg), Miconazole (30mcg) and Viroconazole (1mcg), Candida albican 11 (22.9), Candida krusei 23 (47.9), Candida tropicalis 1 (2.1), and Candida glabrata 13 (27.1). Miconazole had the highest overall sensitivity 100.0% and the least Fluconazole 12.5 %. Fluconazole had the highest overall resistant 87.5 % and the least Miconazole 4.2 %  in Sensitivity within the drugs,  Nystatin: C. krusei had the highest 48.7 % and the least 2.6 %,  Amphotericin B: C. krusei had the highest 48.7 % and the least C. tropicalis 2.6 %, Miconazole: C. krusei had the highest 45.7 % and the least C. tropicalis 2.2 %, Voriconazole: C krusei had the highest 47.4 % and the least C. albican 21.1% Fluconazole: C. glabrata had the highest 50.0 %  and the least C. krusei  16.7, .in Sensitivity within Organisms: Candida albican: Miconazole had the highest sensitivity 100.0 % and the least Fluonazole 18.2%.  C. krusei: Nystatin and Amphotericin B had 82.6% each, voriconazole 78.3%, and the least Fluconazole 4.3 %.  C. tropicalis:  Nystatin, Amphotericin B and miconazole had 100.0 each. C. glabrata: miconazole had 100.0 % and the least Fluconazole 23.1 %, in Resistance within drugs, Nystatin: C. krusei had the highest resistance 44.4 %, the least C. glabrata  22.2 %, Amphotericin B: C. krusei 44.4 %, the least C. albican 22.2 %, Miconazole: C. krusei 100.0 %, voriconazole: C. krusei 50.0 %, the least, 10.0% for both  C. tropicalis  and C. glabrata. Fluconazole: C. krusei 52.4 %, then the least C. tropicalis 2.4 %, in Resistance within organisms, in C. albican; fluconazole had the highest 81.8 %, Nystatin and Voriconazole 27.3 % each, C. krusei: Fluconazole had 95.7 % voriconazole 21.7 % while both Amphotericin B and Nystatin had 17.4 % each. C. tropicalis: Fluconazole and Voriconazole had 100.0 %, C. glabrata: Fluconazole had 76. % and the least 7.7 %. In conclusion, in this study, Miconazole which had the highest overall sensitivity to different Candida species is therefore recommended as the most suitable medication for the treatment of candidiasis.