Mode of Action, Mechanism and Role of Microbes in Bioremediation Service for Environmental Pollution Management

Abstract

Environmental pollution is the global sensitive issues currently resulting ecologicl crise, drastic climate change and biodiversity loss. Bioremediation is one of an ecofriendly and cost effective alternative strategy for removing different pollutant waste using microorganisms. Different types of ex-situ and insitu bioremediation service these are biopiling, composting, Land farming, bioventing, biosparging, biostimulation, bioagumention are employed to treat heavy metal waste, Petroleum hydrocarbon, agro-industreal, dyestuff, agrochemicals, organic and volatile compound, lignocellulose biomass and nuclear waste. Several microorganisms (natural/exotic/ engineered) having specific metabolic capability and various enzyme production ability which fall under six main divisions include Oxidoreductases, Transferases, Hydrolases, Lyases, Isomerases and Ligases (synthetases) are used during bioremediation process. Understanding the mechanism, mode of action and role of microorgsnism in bioremediation process is essential to utilize microorganism potential and designe waste management strategy.