Molecular Characterization of Different Soybean [Glycine max (L). Merril] genotypes by RAPD Markers

Abstract

The present investigation was carried out on molecular characterization of different soybean genotypes by using RAPD markers. Genetic diversity of 10 soybean genotypes was studied using Random Amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD). 12 RAPD primers were used for screening 10 soybean genotypes from which total 334 fragments were amplified. It was observed that 41.10% bands were polymorphic and 58.88% were monomorphic. The percent of polymorphic amplicons in banding pattern was calculated and it was highest in OPA-01 (67.85%) followed by OPA-11 (66.66%). Polymorphism information content (PIC) was calculated and highest PIC value was observed in OPA-01 (0.26) and lowest was observed in OPA-08 and OPA-05 (0.03). Maximum amplicons were produced in OPA-01 (56) and minimum in OPA-08 (11). Genetic relationship between soybean genotypes was determined on the basis of Jaccard’s pair wise similarity coefficient values and dendrogram was generated by UPGMA (Unweighted Pair Group Method with Arithmetic Mean) cluster analysis using dice’s similarity matrix through NT-SYS pc software. The dendrogram of RAPD analysis shows 8 clusters and sub clusters were revealed. The value of similarity coefficient ranged from 0.19 to 0.71. The maximum similarity percentage i.e. 71% was found between KDS-726 and KDS-922 genotypes. The minimum similarity i.e. 19% was found between IVT-33 and IVT-13. According to this information it is concluded that the KDS-726 and KDS-922 genotypes showed minimum genetic diversity as compare to the IVT-33 and IVT-13 genotypes. Therefore, understanding the genetic diversity of soybean genotypes is essential to broaden the genetic base and to further utilize in the MAS breeding program.