Effects of Nano Encapsulated Phytogenes on the Histology and Protein Signature of African Catfish Clarias Gariepinus (Burchell 1822)

Abstract

The effects of Nano encapsulated phytogenes on the histology of the liver, intestine, histometry and protein signature of African catfish Clarias gariepinus post fingerlings exposed to pathogenic stressor was assessed in this study. Three hundred fish with the average weight of 26.00 ±0.05g were fed with Nano encapsulated diets for 56 days. The phytogenes used were 0.5g of Telfairia occidentalis (Ugwu leaf), Zingiber officinale (Ginger leaf), Moringa oleifer (Moringa leaf) and Ocimum gratissimum (Scent leaf) /100g. After 56 days of feeding trial the fish were challenged with a bacteria strain Pseudomonas fluorescence for 14 days. The liver, intestine and muscle of the challenged fish were assessed for histopathological and SDS PAGE analyses. Histological analyses of the liver and intestine revealed less histopathological alterations in the treatments fed with Nano encapsulated diets to those fed with control positive diets. SDS PAGE analyses of the protein also revealed disintegration in the number of bands and molecular weight concentration to those fed in control positive diets. There were no significant difference (P>0.05) in the liver of the treatments fed with Nano encapsulated diets to those fed with control positive diets. Significant difference (P >0.05) in the liver of the treatments fed with Nano encapsulated diets to those fed with control positive diets. Significant difference (P< 0.05) in the protein signature of the treatments fed with Nano encapsulated diets to those fed with control positive diets. This study showed that phyto-additives diets is a potential treatments against bacterial infection in the farming of aquatic organism Clarias gariepinus.