A Comprehensive Risk Mıtıgation Framework for Reducing Occupational Accidents in Construction Projects

Abstract

This study is based on a comprehensive survey designed to identify the key variables affecting occupational accidents in construction projects and to ground risk reduction strategies scientifically. Face-to-face surveys conducted with 412 workers from 18 construction projects across Turkey revealed that behavioral, organizational, and environmental variables, as well as technical factors, play a significant role in the occurrence of occupational accidents. The scales developed for the study were designed to measure sub-dimensions such as safety culture, risk perception, team communication, training adequacy, personal protective equipment usage habits, and site layout.

Structural equation modeling (SEM) and multivariate regression analyses revealed that employees’ risk perception accounts for 41% of the likelihood of an occupational accident, while a strong safety culture reduces the likelihood of an occupational accident by 37%. Furthermore, training frequency, the level of field inspections, and management support were identified as factors that significantly increased safe behavior. The study demonstrates that the combined implementation of digital monitoring systems, proactive risk assessment, and behavior-focused safety interventions provides the greatest protective effect.

In conclusion, this article presents an empirically grounded, holistic risk-reduction framework for reducing occupational accidents in the construction industry and provides measurable, actionable recommendations for managers and policymakers.