Applications of Laser in Endodontic Therapies for the Immature Permanent Tooth: A Systematic Review

Abstract

Purpose: This systematic review aimed to evaluate the potential benefits of laser-assisted endodontic therapies in the management of immature permanent teeth, compared to conventional treatment approaches. The central research question was: What are the beneficial effects of laser use in endodontic procedures for immature permanent teeth compared to standard techniques? Methods: A comprehensive literature search was conducted across Medline via PubMed, Scopus, and Science Direct databases using relevant MeSH terms. Studies published in English and French between January 2013 and December 2024 were screened based on titles, abstracts, and full-text analysis. Inclusion criteria focused on studies evaluating laser applications in endodontic treatment of immature permanent teeth. Results: From an initial pool of 883 articles, only 2 studies met the inclusion criteria. These studies investigated various laser-assisted procedures, particularly in pulpotomy and regenerative endodontics. Outcomes included assessments of microbial load reduction, clinical success, and root development. While laser techniques showed promising biological and clinical effects, no statistically significant differences were found when compared with conventional methods. Conclusion: Laser technology appears to enhance certain aspects of endodontic therapy in immature permanent teeth by facilitating precise tissue ablation,
effective hemostasis, microbial control, and stimulation of tissue regeneration. These advantages support the preservation of pulp vitality and continued root maturation. However, due to the limited number of studies and variability in protocols, further high-quality research is required to establish standardized guidelines and confirm long-term benefits.