Comparative Study of the Different Therapeutic Strategies of Stroke Patients in the Spanish Health System: About a Bibliographic Narrative Review

Abstract

Stroke is a focal or general neurological pathology of sudden onset. This condition is usually of vascular origin. It is considered a medical emergency, which requires rapid action and its evolution and cure is time-dependent, which requires immediate decisions based on evidence. The most widely used treatment is reperfusion by fibrinolysis. Objective: to compare the therapeutic strategies in the management of the stroke care plans of the different autonomies of the Spanish territory.

Methodology: This work is a bibliographic review. The search for the necessary information was carried out in the months of December 2022 and January 2023. The databases used were: Pubmed, Academic Google, Scielo, Scopus and Cochrane library.

Results: 14 articles were chosen after a review of 205 articles from databases and after applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria.

Conclusions: Despite the fact that the evidence supports the use of tenecteplase, only two Autonomous Communities include tenecteplase as a reperfusion treatment in their stroke care plans. Fibrinolytic treatment is possible up to 4.5 hours from the onset of symptoms and up to 6 hours, evaluating the patient individually. There is no evidence of age limitation. Both drugs, Alteplase and Tenecteplase, have similar characteristics, which is why studies with a larger sample scope are necessary. Nursing is a fundamental part of both clinical decision-making and early symptom recognition, and nursing care is included in all stroke care plans.