Magnitude and Determinants of Uncontrolled Blood Pressure among Adult Hypertensive Patients in Ethiopia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (2025)

Authors

  • Alemu Sugi Melis Department of Medicine, Addis Ababa University, College of Medicine and Health Science, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia Author
  • Mohammed Seid Ahmed Seid Department of Medicine, Addis Ababa University, College of Medicine and Health Science, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia Author
  • Michael Amare Hailu Department of Medicine, Saint Paul Hospital Millennium Medical College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia Author
  • Mihret Derbie Asfaw Department of Medicine, Hayat Medical College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia Author
  • Bethlehem Mesfin Daba Department of Medicine, Saint Paul Hospital Millennium Medical College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia Author
  • Gemechis Teshome Geleta Department of Medicine, Addis Ababa University, College of Medicine and Health Science, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia Author
  • Abrham Getachew Alemu University of Pisa, Italy Author
  • Roman Tadele Atnafu Department of Medicine, Jimma University School of Medicine, Jimma, Oromia, Ethiopia Author
  • Dagmawi Sileshi Teklemariam Department of Medicine, Jimma University School of Medicine, Jimma, Oromia, Ethiopia Author
  • Nardos yimer Aynalem Department of Medicine, Addis Ababa University, College of Medicine and Health Science, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia Author
  • Dagim Belay Habtie Department of Medicine, Jimma University School of Medicine, Jimma, Oromia, Ethiopia Author
  • Samson Negasi Woldemariam University of Eastern Piedmont Department of Translational Medicine Author
  • Milkias Tsigabu Araya Department of Medicine, Mekelle University, College of Health Science, Mekelle, Ethiopia Author
  • Nejat Nuredin Ahmed Department of Medicine, Jimma University School of Medicine, Jimma, Oromia, Ethiopia Author
  • Nesra Omer Department of Medicine, Addis Ababa University, College of Medicine and Health Science, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia Author
  • Zerubabel Yohans Department of Medicine, Addis Ababa University, College of Medicine and Health Science, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia Author

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47363/JDCRS/2025(6)161

Keywords:

Uncontrolled Blood Pressure, Ethiopia, MetaAnalysis, Systematic Review

Abstract

Background: According to the World Health Organization, an estimated 1.28 billion adults worldwide have hypertension, with two-thirds residing in
low- and middle-income countries. Despite the serious health consequences of this condition, 46% of adults with hypertension are unaware that they have it, only 42% receive treatment, and only 1 in 5 individuals has adequately controlled blood pressure. So this study aimed to estimate the pooled magnitude and determinants of uncontrolled blood pressure among Hypertensive Patients in Ethiopia.

Methods: We conducted a systematic search of published studies from PubMed, Scopus, web of Science, and manually on Google Scholar. This meta-analysis follows the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines, The quality of studies was assessed by the JBI assessment tool. Meta-analysis was carried out using a random-effects method using the STATA™ Version 14 software.

Result: The 19 studies included 7013 participants were included in this meta-analysis. The pooled magnitude of uncontrolled blood pressure among hypertensives after correction of Duval and Tweedie’s trim and fill analysis with random effect model was 56.6 % (95% CI: 48.6-62.6) Whereas the highest prevalence 67.8%; (95% CI: 28.2- 107.4) seen in Amhara region and the lowest 44.2 %;( 95% CI: 32.3, 56.1) seen in Tigray region.

Conclusion: Despite of it had serious health impact; the magnitude of uncontrolled blood pressure in Ethiopia is a significant public health issue. The observed variation across different regions highlights the need for targeted interventions.

Author Biographies

  • Alemu Sugi Melis, Department of Medicine, Addis Ababa University, College of Medicine and Health Science, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

    Alemu Sugi Melis, Milkias Tsigabu Araya, Zerubabel Yohans, Department of Medicine, Addis Ababa University, College of Medicine and Health Science, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

  • Mohammed Seid Ahmed Seid, Department of Medicine, Addis Ababa University, College of Medicine and Health Science, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

    Mohammed Seid Ahmed Seid, Department of Medicine, Addis Ababa University, College of Medicine and Health Science, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

  • Michael Amare Hailu, Department of Medicine, Saint Paul Hospital Millennium Medical College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

    Michael Amare Hailu, Department of Medicine, Saint Paul Hospital Millennium Medical College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

  • Mihret Derbie Asfaw, Department of Medicine, Hayat Medical College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

     Mihret Derbie Asfaw, Department of Medicine, Hayat Medical College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

  • Bethlehem Mesfin Daba, Department of Medicine, Saint Paul Hospital Millennium Medical College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

    Bethlehem Mesfin Daba, Department of Medicine, Saint Paul Hospital Millennium Medical College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

  • Gemechis Teshome Geleta, Department of Medicine, Addis Ababa University, College of Medicine and Health Science, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

    Gemechis Teshome Geleta, Department of Medicine, Addis Ababa University, College of Medicine and Health Science, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

  • Abrham Getachew Alemu, University of Pisa, Italy

    Abrham Getachew Alemu, University of Pisa, Italy

  • Roman Tadele Atnafu, Department of Medicine, Jimma University School of Medicine, Jimma, Oromia, Ethiopia

    Roman Tadele Atnafu, Department of Medicine, Jimma University School of Medicine, Jimma, Oromia, Ethiopia

  • Dagmawi Sileshi Teklemariam, Department of Medicine, Jimma University School of Medicine, Jimma, Oromia, Ethiopia

    Dagmawi Sileshi Teklemariam, Department of Medicine, Jimma University School of Medicine, Jimma, Oromia, Ethiopia

  • Nardos yimer Aynalem, Department of Medicine, Addis Ababa University, College of Medicine and Health Science, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

    Nardos yimer Aynalem, Department of Medicine, Addis Ababa University, College of Medicine and Health Science, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

  • Dagim Belay Habtie, Department of Medicine, Jimma University School of Medicine, Jimma, Oromia, Ethiopia

    Dagim Belay Habtie, Department of Medicine, Jimma University School of Medicine, Jimma, Oromia, Ethiopia

  • Samson Negasi Woldemariam, University of Eastern Piedmont Department of Translational Medicine

    Samson Negasi Woldemariam, University of Eastern Piedmont Department of Translational Medicine

  • Milkias Tsigabu Araya, Department of Medicine, Mekelle University, College of Health Science, Mekelle, Ethiopia

    Milkias Tsigabu Araya, Department of Medicine, Mekelle University, College of Health Science, Mekelle, Ethiopia

  • Nejat Nuredin Ahmed, Department of Medicine, Jimma University School of Medicine, Jimma, Oromia, Ethiopia

    Nejat Nuredin Ahmed, Department of Medicine, Jimma University School of Medicine, Jimma, Oromia, Ethiopia

  • Nesra Omer, Department of Medicine, Addis Ababa University, College of Medicine and Health Science, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia


    Nesra Omer, Department of Medicine, Addis Ababa University, College of Medicine and Health Science, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

  • Zerubabel Yohans, Department of Medicine, Addis Ababa University, College of Medicine and Health Science, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

    Zerubabel Yohans, Department of Medicine, Addis Ababa University, College of Medicine and Health Science, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

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Published

2025-08-30

Issue

Vol. 6 No. 3 (2025): Volume 6 Issue 3

Section

Articles