Magnitude of Cardiovascular Disease Admissions and Their Outcomes in Ethiopia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis(2025)

Abstract

Introduction: CVDs pose a significant burden, particularly in developing countries, affecting individuals, families, healthcare systems, and economies. Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death worldwide, with a disproportionate burden observed in low- and middle-income countries where access to preventive and acute care is limited. So this review is aimed to estimate pooled magnitude of cardiovascular disease admissions and its outcome in Ethiopia.

Methods and Materials: A systematic search of published studies from PubMed, Scopus, web of science, google scholar, and reference lists of identified studies were conducted. This meta-analysis follows the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. The quality of studies was assessed by the modified Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS). Meta-analysis was carried out using a random-effects method using the STATA™ Version 14 software.

Result: Ten studies involving 38,440 participants were included in this meta-analysis. The magnitude of cardiovascular admission were ranged from 17.5 - 53.9 %; with pooled magnitude of cardiovascular admission with a random-effects model in Ethiopia was 36.3% (95% CI: 27.6- 45.0). Whereas the magnitude of cardiovascular admission in Addis Ababa region was 40.19 %; 95% CI: (28.3- 51.9) and 45.2%; 95% CI :( 28.1- 62.2) in Tigray region. The magnitude of cardiovascular disease admission outcome ranges from 13.2- 24.3%.

Conclusion: According to this study, there is a significant burden of cardiovascular disease admissions in the region. Notably, the Addis Ababa region reports an admission rate of 40.19%, while the Tigray region has an even higher rate of 45.2%. Therefore, urgent targeted interventions and healthcare strategies are needed.