Cystatin C and Chronic Complications of Diabetes Mellitus in a Subsaharian Population

Authors

  • Thérèse Mbezele-Essomba Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, the University of Yaounde I, Cameroon Author
  • Bertille Elodie E Edinga National Public Health Laboratory, Yaounde, Cameroon; Department of Biochemistry of the Higher Institute of Medical Technology, Yaoundé, Cameroon Author
  • Martine Claude Etoa National Obesity Center, Central Hospital of Yaounde, Cameroon; Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, the University of Douala, Cameroon Author
  • Antoinette Assiga-Ntsama Central Hospital of Yaounde, Cameroon. Author
  • Vicky Ama-Moor Department of Biochemistry, Yaoundé University Teaching Hospital, Yaoundé, Cameroon; Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, The University of Yaounde I, Cameroon Author
  • Eugène Sobngwi National Obesity Center, Central Hospital of Yaounde, Cameroon; Department of internal medicine, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Faculty of medicine and biomedical sciences, The University of Yaounde I, Cameroon; Centre of biotechnology, The University of Yaounde I, Cameroon Author
  • Jean-Claude Mbanya National Obesity Center, Central Hospital of Yaounde, Cameroon; Department of internal medicine, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Faculty of medicine and biomedical sciences, The University of Yaounde I, Cameroon; Centre of biotechnology, The University of Yaounde I, Cameroon Author

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47363/JONE/2022(2)119

Keywords:

CysC, Type 2 Diabetes, Chronic Complications, Relationship

Abstract

Background: Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a chronic and progressive condition whose early management is crucial in preventing the occurrence of its chronic degenerative complications. Cystatin C (CysC) is a biomarker that may have a beneficial interest in the early detection of microvascular and macrovascular complications of T2D.

Methods: We carried out a cross-sectional analytic study at the National Obesity Center of the Yaounde Central Hospital. We recruited 135 patients with T2D and performed a neurologic physical exam using the Toronto clinical score, a fundoscopy, ECG, ABI, and the following paraclinicals: dosage of serum levels of Cystatin C, lipid profile (with determination of Atherogenic indexes), Creatinine (with calculation of glomerular filtration rate using CKD-EPI formula) and hs-CRP.

Results: Prevalences of diabetic retinopathy, nephropathy, neuropathy and PAD were 3.0%, 8.9%, 38.5%, 28.1% respectively. Electrocardiographic signs of myocardial ischemia were present in 5.9 % of the participants. We found 0.3[0.5-0.3] mg/l as median levels of the HDL-cholesterol and 0.9[1.2-0.7] mg/l for LDL-cholesterol. The median value of GFR was 105.7[119,0-85.7] ml/min/1.73m². The median serum CysC level was 0.8[0.9-0.6]mg/l and varied with age (p=0.01), A1C (p=0.016) and high blood pressure (HBP) (p=0.006). There was a relationship between serum CysC and diabetic nephropathy (p=0.01) and neuropathy (p=0.025). There was no significant relationship with diabetic retinopathy (p=0.225), PAD (p=0.169) and ECG signs of myocardial ischemia (p=0.669).

Conclusion: Chronic microvascular and macrovascular complications of type 2 diabetes are common and in our study are predominantly represented by diabetic neuropathy and PAD. Serum CysC can be useful in the diagnosis of chronic complications of T2D.

Author Biographies

  • Thérèse Mbezele-Essomba, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, the University of Yaounde I, Cameroon

    Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, the University of Yaounde I, Cameroon.

  • Bertille Elodie E Edinga, National Public Health Laboratory, Yaounde, Cameroon; Department of Biochemistry of the Higher Institute of Medical Technology, Yaoundé, Cameroon

    Bertille Elodie E. Edinga, National Public Health Laboratory, Yaounde and Department of Biochemistry of the Higher Institute of Medical Technology, Yaoundé, Cameroon Yaoundé, Cameroon.

  • Martine Claude Etoa, National Obesity Center, Central Hospital of Yaounde, Cameroon; Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, the University of Douala, Cameroon

    National Obesity Center, Central Hospital of Yaounde, Cameroon; Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, the University of Douala, Cameroon.

  • Antoinette Assiga-Ntsama, Central Hospital of Yaounde, Cameroon.

    Central Hospital of Yaounde, Cameroon.

  • Vicky Ama-Moor, Department of Biochemistry, Yaoundé University Teaching Hospital, Yaoundé, Cameroon; Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, The University of Yaounde I, Cameroon

    Department of Biochemistry, Yaoundé University Teaching Hospital, Yaoundé, Cameroon; Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, The University of Yaounde I, Cameroon.

  • Eugène Sobngwi, National Obesity Center, Central Hospital of Yaounde, Cameroon; Department of internal medicine, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Faculty of medicine and biomedical sciences, The University of Yaounde I, Cameroon; Centre of biotechnology, The University of Yaounde I, Cameroon

    National Obesity Center, Central Hospital of Yaounde, Cameroon; Department of internal medicine, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Faculty of medicine and biomedical sciences, The University of Yaounde I, Cameroon; Centre of biotechnology, The University of Yaounde I, Cameroon. 

  • Jean-Claude Mbanya, National Obesity Center, Central Hospital of Yaounde, Cameroon; Department of internal medicine, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Faculty of medicine and biomedical sciences, The University of Yaounde I, Cameroon; Centre of biotechnology, The University of Yaounde I, Cameroon

    National Obesity Center, Central Hospital of Yaounde, Cameroon; Department of internal medicine, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Faculty of medicine and biomedical sciences, The University of Yaounde I, Cameroon; Centre of biotechnology, The University of Yaounde I, Cameroon.

Downloads

Published

2025-12-02

Issue

Vol. 2 No. 3 (2022): Volume 2 Issue 3

Section

Articles