Emptiness and Vacuums

Authors

  • Vladimir Alekseyevich Romanenko Independent researcher, Russia Author

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47363/JPSOS/2026(8)392

Keywords:

Void, Vacuums, Dark Matter, Chronal Matter, Cosmological Constant, 3-Dimensional Ball, 4-Dimensional Spherical Volume

Abstract

This article presents the author’s mathematical study concerning the void and the vacuum regions contained within it. It demonstrates the interaction between these regions—an interaction possible in a four-dimensional space shaped like a sphere. Three of these dimensions form a cosmological constant that acts upon the remaining fourth dimension, balancing the vacuum region and preventing it from collapsing into a singularity.

Author Biography

  • Vladimir Alekseyevich Romanenko, Independent researcher, Russia

    Vladimir Alekseyevich Romanenko, Independent researcher, Russia.

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Published

2026-10-10