Prevalence, Characteristics and Outcome of Post-Operative Acute Kidney Injury in Cameroon: A Prospective Study in Three Hospitals in Douala

Authors

  • Halle Marie Patrice Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Douala, Douala, Cameroon; Department of Internal Medicine, Douala General Hospital, Douala, Cameroon Author
  • Takam Lancyn Debelmond Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Douala, Douala, Cameroon Author
  • Mahamat Maimouna Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé 1, Yaoundé, Cameroon; Department of Internal Medicine, Yaoundé central Hospital, Yaoundé, Cameroon Author
  • Dzana Victorine Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé 1, Yaoundé, Cameroon Author
  • Nda Mefo’o Jean Pierre Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Douala, Douala, Cameroon; Laboratory unit, Douala General Hospital, Douala, Cameroon Author
  • Fouda Hermine Danielle Department of Internal Medicine, Douala General Hospital, Douala, Cameroon; Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé 1, Yaoundé, Cameroon Author
  • Ashuntantang Enow Gloria Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé 1, Yaoundé, Cameroon; Department of Internal Medicine, Yaoundé General Hospital, Yaoundé, Cameroon Author
  • Ngowe Ngowe Marcelin Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Douala, Douala, Cameroon Author

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47363/JONE/2022(2)117

Keywords:

Prevalence , Post operative, Acute kidney injury, Outcome , Douala

Abstract

Objective: Post-operative acute kidney injury (AKI) is a frequent surgical complication. Data on this disorder are scare in our setting. We aimed to study the prevalence, characteristics and outcome of postoperative AKI in Cameroon.

Methods: A prospective and analytical study from December 2020 to Mai 2021 including all consenting adults’ patients admitted in the departments of surgery, obstetrics/gynecology and intensive care unit (ICU) of 3 referral hospitals in Douala. For each patient, 3 serum creatinine assays were done on admission before the surgery, on days 2 and 7 after surgery. Postoperative AKI was defined and classified according to the modified KDIGO 2012 criteria. Outcome measure were kidney recovery at day 7 and mortality. Kidney recovery was total if serum creatinine on day 7 was less or equal to the preoperative value, partial if less than diagnostic value of day 2 but not the preoperative value and absent if creatinine on day 7 did not decrease or if the patient required dialysis. p <0.05 was considered significant.

Result: Out of 203 patients included, 52 developed postoperative AKI, giving a prevalence of 26.6%. Mean age of AKI patients was 35.34 (13.74) years with 61.6% being (32/52) male; AKI stage 1 accounts for 55.7% (29/52), 19.3% (10/52) stage 2 and 25% (13/52) stage 3. AKI was functional in 61.5% (32/52) of cases mainly due to hypovolemia 42.5% (22/52) and sepsis 34.6% (18/52). For the 40 patients diagnosed on D2, kidney recovery was known in 75% (30/40); with 66.6% (20/30) total recovery, 23.4% (7/30) partial recovery and 10 % (3/30) without recovery. Mortality rate was 19% (10/52) mainly due to hemorrhagic shock. Intra operative hypotension (aOR: 6.09; CI: 1.4 - 26.33; p = 0.016) and dirty surgery (aOR: 6.22; CI: 1.35 - 28.75; p = 0.019) were factors associated with AKI.

Conclusion: Postoperative AKI occurred in 1/4 of patients in our setting. It is mainly due to hypovolemia and sepsis, renal recovery and mortality were high.

Author Biographies

  • Halle Marie Patrice, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Douala, Douala, Cameroon; Department of Internal Medicine, Douala General Hospital, Douala, Cameroon

    Halle Marie Patrice, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Douala, Douala. PO Box 4856- Cameroon.

  • Takam Lancyn Debelmond, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Douala, Douala, Cameroon

    Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Douala, Douala, Cameroon.

  • Mahamat Maimouna, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé 1, Yaoundé, Cameroon; Department of Internal Medicine, Yaoundé central Hospital, Yaoundé, Cameroon

    Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé 1, Yaoundé, Cameroon; Department of Internal Medicine, Yaoundé central Hospital, Yaoundé, Cameroon.  

  • Dzana Victorine, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé 1, Yaoundé, Cameroon

    Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé 1, Yaoundé, Cameroon. 

  • Nda Mefo’o Jean Pierre, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Douala, Douala, Cameroon; Laboratory unit, Douala General Hospital, Douala, Cameroon

    Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Douala, Douala, Cameroon; Laboratory unit, Douala General Hospital, Douala, Cameroon. 

  • Fouda Hermine Danielle, Department of Internal Medicine, Douala General Hospital, Douala, Cameroon; Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé 1, Yaoundé, Cameroon

    Department of Internal Medicine, Douala General Hospital, Douala, Cameroon; Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé 1, Yaoundé, Cameroon. 

  • Ashuntantang Enow Gloria, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé 1, Yaoundé, Cameroon; Department of Internal Medicine, Yaoundé General Hospital, Yaoundé, Cameroon

    Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé 1, Yaoundé, Cameroon; Department of Internal Medicine, Yaoundé General Hospital, Yaoundé, Cameroon.

  • Ngowe Ngowe Marcelin, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Douala, Douala, Cameroon

    Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Douala, Douala, Cameroon.

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Published

2025-12-02

Issue

Vol. 2 No. 3 (2022): Volume 2 Issue 3

Section

Articles