The Physical Vacuum Models with Intrinsic Angular Momentum: From Vorticity of Maxwell’s Luminiferous Ether to Pseudomagnetism

Abstract

In this work, the main milestones of the development of physical vacuum model with intrinsic angular momentum were considered. J. C. Maxwell was the first researcher who introduced this property in the physical vacuum for the mathematical description of electromagnetic oscillations and results of Faraday’s experiments with magnetic fields. The milestones of the development of Maxwell’s model are the following: the introduction by Planck, Einstein and Stern of atomic oscillators with so-called zero-point energy; the introduction by Feynman of virtual particles created by quantum objects; the introduction of pseudomagnetic interaction between spins by Abragam et al. The enriching of our knowledge about the physical vacuum characterized by intrinsic angular momentum lets us to explain the wave and inertial properties of quantum objects, to create a theory alternative to Special Relativity, to determine the conditions of generation of a process having superluminal speed (spin supercurrent), to determine the conditions of obtaining energy from the spin system of physical vacuum. In some cases, without taking into account this energy (based only on Newton’s laws) the violation of the principles of energy conservation takes place.