Percentage and Absolute CD4+ Count and Factors Influencing Their Levels in Tuberculosis Patients in a Tertiary Hospital, Kaduna, Nigeria

Authors

  • Madaki Suzie Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Clinical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Bayero University, Kano, Nigeria Author
  • Yusuf Mohammed Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Clinical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Bayero University, Kano, Nigeria Author
  • Banda Jim Monday Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Faculty of Health Sciences and Technology, College Health Sciences, University of Jos, Jos, Plateau State, Nigeria Author
  • Ogunsina Modupe Arinola Department of Medicine, Barau Dikko Teaching Hospital, Kaduna State, Nigeria Author
  • Yahaya Ayuba Department of Medicine, Barau Dikko Teaching Hospital, Kaduna State, Nigeria Author
  • Onu Adah Naomi Department of Medicine, Barau Dikko Teaching Hospital, Kaduna State, Nigeria Author
  • Patrobas Maryam Department of Parasitology and Entomology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Jos, Jos, Plateau State, Nigeria Author

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47363/JPRR/2023(5)146

Keywords:

Tuberculosis, CD4+, BCG

Abstract

Background: The role of CD4+ T cells in immunity against tuberculosis have been widely acknowledged. This study determined CD4+ absolute, CD4 percentage and haemoglobin (HB) levels in tuberculosis (TB) patients undergoing TB treatment and compared these levels with presence of some factors which could modify the quantities of CD4+, CD4% and HB in TB patients.

Methods: A cross-sectional study of eighty-five persons attending TB DOTS clinic in tertiary hospital between 2020 to 2021. Multicolour fluorescence imaging and absorbance spectrometry microscopy was used to enumerate CD4+ absolute count, CD4+ percentage and HB concentration in whole blood. Questionnaire and interviews were used to determine history, demographic data, BCG vaccination, BCG scar, vitamin A supplementation, awareness of zoonotic diseases and zoonotic TB, maternal BCG vaccination status, maternal BCG scar and undernutrition for each respondent.

Results: CD4% significantly differed between forty-seven males (mean age: 33.5) and thirty-eight females (mean age: 32.2) (p <0.05). T-test indicated no significant difference in CD4+ count, CD4% and HB compared with BCG vaccination status, presence of BCG scar, knowledge of zoonotic diseases, knowledge of zoonotic TB and with vitamin A supplementation (p <0.05). There was also significant difference in CD4% compared with undernutrition and in absolute CD4+ counts compared with drug resistance (p <0.05).

Conversely, there was significant difference in CD4% and absolute CD4+ count when compared with maternal BCG vaccination, presence of maternal BCG Scar.

Pearson correlation coefficient indicated weak negative relationship between CD4%, absolute CD4+ count and age. Also, weak positive relationship between HB and age. Both relationships were not significant (p <0.05).

Conclusion: Undernutrition, gender, maternal BCG vaccination (with or with or without scaring) and age influence levels of CD4+ in TB patients.

Author Biographies

  • Madaki Suzie, Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Clinical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Bayero University, Kano, Nigeria

    Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Clinical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Bayero University, Kano, Nigeria

  • Yusuf Mohammed, Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Clinical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Bayero University, Kano, Nigeria

    Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Clinical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Bayero University, Kano, Nigeria

  • Banda Jim Monday, Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Faculty of Health Sciences and Technology, College Health Sciences, University of Jos, Jos, Plateau State, Nigeria

    Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Faculty of Health Sciences and Technology, College Health Sciences, University of Jos, Jos, Plateau State, Nigeria

  • Ogunsina Modupe Arinola, Department of Medicine, Barau Dikko Teaching Hospital, Kaduna State, Nigeria


    Department of Medicine, Barau Dikko Teaching Hospital, Kaduna State, Nigeria

  • Yahaya Ayuba, Department of Medicine, Barau Dikko Teaching Hospital, Kaduna State, Nigeria


    Department of Medicine, Barau Dikko Teaching Hospital, Kaduna State, Nigeria

  • Onu Adah Naomi, Department of Medicine, Barau Dikko Teaching Hospital, Kaduna State, Nigeria

    Department of Medicine, Barau Dikko Teaching Hospital, Kaduna State, Nigeria

  • Patrobas Maryam, Department of Parasitology and Entomology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Jos, Jos, Plateau State, Nigeria

    Department of Parasitology and Entomology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Jos, Jos, Plateau State, Nigeria

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Published

2023-10-13

Issue

Vol. 5 No. 5 (2023): Volume 5 Issue 5

Section

Articles