Synergetic Effect of Ethanolic Extracts of Cyperus Esculentus (Tiger Nut) and Ripe Musa Acuminata (Banana) Peel on an Arsenic Induced Testicular Damage in Adult Male Rats

Abstract

Background: Arsenic is a toxic environmental contaminant that poses significant risks to human reproductive health. This study explored the comparative effect of ethanolic extract of tiger nut and ripe banana peel on arsenic-induced testicular toxicity in adult male Wistar rats.

Methodology: Thirty-five adult male Wistar rats were procured, acclimatized, and grouped into seven groups. Group A served as the control, receiving standard feed and water. Group B received 500 mg/kg of tiger nut extract. Group C received 500 mg/kg of banana extract. Group D received a 10 mg/kg
of arsenic acid, Group E and F received 20 mg/kg of arsenic acid for 6 days and 500 mg/kg ethanolic extract of tiger nut and banana respectively, Group G received 20 mg/kg of arsenic acid and combined 500 mg/kg of tiger nut extract and 500 mg/kg of banana extract. Oral extract administration lasted for 22 days. The study evaluated sperm parameters, testosterone levels, and histopathological analysis of the testes.

Results: The groups receiving tiger nut and banana supplements showed significant improvements in reproductive parameters. The group that received arsenic alone (Group D) exhibited the lowest sperm count, sperm motility, sperm morphology and serum testicular levels of all the test groups. Sperm count, motility, morphology and serum testosterone levels improved significantly In groups treated with either Cyperrus esculentus or Ripe Musa acuminate or a combination of both extracts after exposure to arsenic when compared to the group that was administered arsenic alone. Histopathological findings revealed enhanced spermatogenesis and testicular architecture integrity in the treated groups, with the combined diet showing the most pronounced effect, displaying fewer degenerated seminiferous tubules and increased germ cell layers.

Conclusion: The combination of tiger nut and banana supplementation improves reproductive parameters and testicular histoarchitecture in adult male
Wistar rats, suggesting potential benefits for male reproductive health.